1914 (
MCMXIV) was a
common year which
started on Thursday of the
Gregorian calendar (or
on Wednesday of the
Julian calendar). It was the year
that saw the start of what became known as
World War I.
Events
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Undated
Ongoing
Births
January
- January 1 – Noor Inayat Khan, World War II heroine (d.
1944)
- January 2 – Violet Vivian Finlay Stuart
Mann (aka Vivian Stuart, Alex Stuart, Barbara Allen, Fiona
Finlay, V.A. Stuart, William Stuart Long, Robyn Stuart), British
writer (d. 1986)
- January 4 – Herman Franks, American baseball player (d.
2009)
- January 4 – Jean-Pierre Vernant, French historian
and anthropologist (d. 2007)
- January 5 – George Reeves, American actor
(Superman) (d. 1959)
- January 6 – Danny Thomas, American singer, actor, and
comedian (Make Room For Daddy) (d. 1991)
- January 12 – Albrecht von Goertz, German car designer
(d. 2006)
- January 13 – Ted Willis, British television dramatist and
author (d. 1992)
- January 14 – Harold Russell, Canadian actor (d. 2002)
- January 15 – Hugh Trevor-Roper,
Baron Dacre of Glanton, English historian (d. 2003)
- January 17 – William Stafford, American poet and
pacifist (d. 1993)
- January 17 – Anacleto Angelini, Italian-born
businessman (d. 2007)
- January 18 – Arno Schmidt, German author (d. 1979)
- January 26 – Princess Hadice Hayriye Ayshe
Dürrühsehvar (d. 2006)
- January 30 – John Ireland, Canadian-born actor (d.
1992)
- January 30 – David Wayne, American actor (d. 1995)
- January 31 – Jersey Joe Walcott, American boxer (d.
1994)
February
- February 1 – George Nissen, American gymnast and
inventor
- February 4 – Alfred Andersch, German writer (d. 1980)
- February 5 – Silvius Magnago, Italian politician
- February 5 – William S. Burroughs, American author (The
Naked Lunch) (d. 1997)
- February 5 – Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, British scientist,
recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine (d. 1998)
- February 6 – Thurl Ravenscroft, American voice actor
(d. 2005)
- February 9 – Ernest Tubb, American singer (d. 1984)
- February 9 – Bill Justice, American
Disney animator
- February 11 – Matt Dennis, American singer (d. 2002)
- February 12 – Tex Beneke, American musician (d. 2000)
- February 15 – Kevin McCarthy, American actor
- February 16 – Jimmy Wakely, American country-western singer
and actor (d. 1982)
- February 19 – Jacques Dufilho, French comedian and actor
(d. 2005)
- February 20 – Peter Rogers, British film producer (d.
2009)
- February 22 – Renato Dulbecco, Italian-born virologist,
recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology
or Medicine
- February 23 – Theofiel Middelkamp, Dutch cyclist (d.
2005)
- February 24 – Zachary Scott, American actor (d. 1965)
March
- March 1 – Ralph
Ellison, American writer (d. 1994)
- March 2 – Martin
Ritt, American director (d. 1990)
- March 4 – Ward
Kimball, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
- March 4 – Robert R. Wilson, American physicist, sculptor and
architect (d. 2000)
- March 6 – Kiril Kondrashin, Russian conductor (d.
1981)
- March 8 – Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich,
Russian physicist (d. 1987)
- March 13 – Edward O'Hare, American pilot (d. 1943)
- March 14 – Bill Owen, English actor (d. 1999)
- March 14 – Abdias do Nascimento, Brazilian actor,
artist and politician
- March 17 – Sammy
Baugh, American football player (d. 2008)
- March 19 – Jay
Berwanger, American football player (d. 2002)
- March 25 – Norman Borlaug, American agricultural
scientist, recipient of the Nobel
Peace Prize (d. 2009)
- March 26 – William Westmoreland, American Vietnam
War general (d. 2005)
- March 27 – Budd Schulberg, American screenwriter (d.
2009)
- March 28 – Edmund Muskie, American politician (d.
1996)
- March 30 – Sonny Boy Williamson I, American
musician (d. 1948)
- March 31 – Octavio Paz, Mexican diplomat and writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1998)
April
- April 2 – Alec
Guinness, English actor (d. 2000)
- April 2 – Hans
Wegner, Danish furniture designer (d. 2007)
- April 3 – Sam
Manekshaw, Field Marshall of Indian Army (d.2008)
- April 4 – Marguerite Duras, French author and
director (d. 1996)
- April 4 – Richard Coogan, American actor
- April 4 – Frances Langford, American singer and
actress (d. 2005)
- April 8 – Maria
Felix, Mexican actress (d. 2002)
- April 8 – Claire Martin, Canadian author
- April 9 – Nouhak Phoumsavanh, President of Laos (d. 2008)
- April 11 – Robert Stanfield, Premier of Nova Scotia
(d. 2003)
- April 12 – Armen Alchian, American author and
economist
- April 12 – Adriaan Blaauw, Dutch astronomer
- April 13 – Orhan
Veli, Turkish poet (d. 1950)
- April 21 – James Henry Quello, American Federal
Communications Commissioner
- April 22 – Jan
de Hartog, Dutch writer (d. 2002)
- April 22 – Baldev Raj Chopra, Indian film director
(d. 2008)
- April 25 – Ross Lockridge, Jr., American writer (d.
1948)
- April 26 – Bernard Malamud, American author (d.
1986)
- April 26 – Lilian Rolfe, French-born World War II heroine
(d. 1941)
- April 28 – Michel Mohrt, French author and historian
- April 30 – Dorival Caymmi, Brazilian songwriter (d.
2008)
May
- May 8 – Romain
Gary, Russian-born writer and diplomat (d. 1980)
- May 9 – Hank
Snow, Canadian country musician (d. 1999)
- May 12 – Bertus
Aafjes, Dutch poet (d. 1993)
- May 12 – Howard K. Smith, American journalist (d. 2002)
- May 13 – Joe
Louis, American boxer (d. 1981)
- May 13 – Phil
Drabble, British author and television personality (d. 2007)
- May 14 – Hideko
Maehata, Japanese swimmer (d. 1995)
- May 14 – Corneliu Coposu, Romanian politician (d.
1995)
- May 15 – Leo
Beranek, American acoustic scientist
- May 16 – Edward
T. Hall, American anthropologist
(d. 2009)
- May 18 – Boris
Christoff, Bulgarian opera singer (d. 1993)
- May 19 – Go
Seigen, Japanese Go player
- May 19 – Max
Perutz, Austrian-born molecular biologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Chemistry
(d. 2002)
- May 19 – Alex
Shibicky, Canadian hockey player (d. 2005)
- May 22 – Vance
Packard, American author (The Hidden Persuaders) (d.
1996)
- May 22 – Sun Ra,
American musician (d. 1993)
- May 22 – Edward Arthur Thompson, British
historian (d. 1994)
- May 24 – Arthur
A. Link, American politician
- May 24 – George
Tabori, Hungarian writer and director (d. 2007)
- May 26 – Frankie Manning, American choreographer and
dancer (d. 2009)
- May 28 – W. G. G. Duncan Smith, British World War II
pilot (d. 1996)
- Late May, exact date unknown – Tenzing Norgay, Nepalese/Tibetan mountaineer
(d. 1986)
June
- June 11 – Trammell Crow, American developer (d. 2009)
- June 13 – Freddie Franklin, British ballet dancer and
choreographer
- June 15 – Yuri
Andropov, Soviet leader (d. 1984)
- June 15 – Lena
Kennedy, English author (d. 1986)
- June 15 – Saul
Steinberg, Romanian-born cartoonist (d. 1999)
- June 18 – E. G. Marshall, American actor (d. 1998)
- June 19 – Alan
Cranston, U.S. Senator (d. 2000)
- June 21 – William Vickrey, Canadian economist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1996)
- June 24 – Frances Oldham Kelsey, American Food
and Drug Administration reviewer
- June 26 – Doc Williams, American musician
- June 29 – Rafael Kubelík, Czech-born conductor (d.
1996)
July
- July 2 – Frederick Fennell, American conductor (d.
2004)
- July 5 – Gerda
Gilboe, Danish actress (d. 2009)
- July 6 – Vincent J. McMahon, professional wrestling promoter
(d. 1988)
- July 8 – Jyoti
Basu, Indian politician
- July 8 – Sarah P. Harkness, American architect
- July 10 – Charles Donnelly, Irish poet (d.
1937)
- July 10 – Joe
Shuster, Canadian-born comic book author (Superman) (d. 1992)
- July 14 – George Putnam, American reporter and
talk show host (d. 2008)
- July 15 – Hammond Innes, English author (d. 1998)
- July 15 – Akhtar Hameed Khan, pioneer of
microcredit in developing countries (d. 1999)
- July 15 – Gavin
Maxwell, Scottish naturalist and author (d. 1969)
- July 19 – John Kenneth Macalister, Canadian
World War II hero (d. 1944)
- July 19 – Marius
Russo, American baseball player (d. 2005)
- July 20 – Charilaos Florakis, Greek Communist
Leader (d. 2005)
- July 20 – Masa
Niemi, Finnish actor (d. 1960)
- July 24 – Ed
Mirvish, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2007)
- July 25 – Lionel Van Deerlin, American politician
(d. 2008)
- July 29 – Irwin
Corey, American actor and comic
- July 30 – Lord
Killanin, Irish president of the International Olympic
Committee (d. 1999)
August
- August 2 – Beatrice Straight, American actress (d.
2001)
- August 9 – Tove
Jansson, Finnish author (d. 2001)
- August 9 – Ferenc Fricsay, Hungarian conductor (d.
1963)
- August 10 – Jeff
Corey, American actor (d. 2002)
- August 10 – Ken
Annakin, British film director (d. 2009)
- August 11 – Hugh Martin, American composer
- August 15 – Paul
Rand, American graphic designer (d. 1996)
- August 17 – Franklin Delano Roosevelt,
Jr., American lawyer and politician (d. 1988)
- August 17 – Gabrielle Weidner, Belgian World War II
heroine (d. 1945)
- August 26 – Julio Cortázar, Argentine writer (d.
1984)
- August 27 – Heidi Kabel, German actress
September
- September 5 – Sor Isolina Ferré, Puerto Rican
Catholic nun (d. 2000)
- September 5 – Nicanor Parra, Chilean poet
- September 7 – James Van Allen, American physicist (d.
2006)
- September 10 – Robert Wise, American film producer (d. 2005)
- September 11 – Sidney Hart, British
trade unionist and religious administrator (d. 2005)
- September 11 – Pavle Patriarch of Serbia, Head of
the Serbian Orthodox Church
- September 12 – Desmond Llewelyn, Welsh actor (d. 1999)
- September 12 – Janusz Zurakowski, Polish-born pilot (d.
2004)
- September 13 – Ralph Rapson, American architect (d. 2008)
- September 14 – Clayton Moore, American actor (The Lone
Ranger) (d. 1999)
- September 15 – Creighton Williams Abrams, U.S.
Vietnam War general (d. 1974)
- September 15 – Adolfo Bioy Casares, Argentinian writer
(d. 1999)
- September 15 – Jens Otto Krag, Danish politician (d.
1978)
- September 16 – Allen Funt, American television show host
(Candid Camera) (d. 1999)
- September 17 – Thomas J. Bata,
Czech-born businessman (d. 2008)
- September 18 – Jack Cardiff, British cinematographer,
director, and photographer (d. 2009)
- September 20 – Ken Hechler, American politician
- September 21 – Bob Lido, American singer and musician (d. 2000)
- September 23 – Omar Ali Saifuddin III, Sultan of
Brunei (d. 1986)
- September 23 – Bethsabée de Rothschild,
English philanthropist and patron of dance (d. 1999)
- September 26 – Jack LaLanne, American fitness, exercise and
nutritional expert
October
- October 1 – Daniel J. Boorstin, American historian, writer, and
Librarian of Congress (d.
2004)
- October 2 – Jack Parsons, American rocket engineer (d.
1952)
- October 2 – Bernarr Rainbow, historian of music
education, organist, and choir master (d. 1998)
- October 4 – Jim
Cairns, Australian politician (d. 2003)
- October 6 – Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer
(Kon-Tiki) (d. 2002)
- October 10 – Tommy Fine, baseball player (d. 2005)
- October 14 – Raymond Davis Jr., American physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
2006)
- October 14 – Dick Durrance, American skier (d. 2004)
- October 16 – Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (d. 2007)
- October 17 – Jerry Siegel, American comic book author (d.
1996)
- October 21 – Martin Gardner, American writer
- October 25 – John Berryman, American poet (d. 1972)
- October 27 – Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and author (d.
1953)
- October 28 – Jonas Salk, American medical scientist (polio
vaccine) (d. 1995)
- October 28 – Richard Laurence Millington
Synge, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
- October 28 – Glenn Robert Davis, U.S. Congressman (d.
1988)
November
December
- December 2 – Ray Walston, American actor (My Favorite
Martian) (d. 2001)
- December 10 – Dorothy Lamour, American actress (d. 1996)
- December 12 – Patrick O'Brian, British writer (d. 2000)
- December 14 – Rosalyn Tureck, American pianist and
harpsichordist (d. 2003)
- December 15 – Anatole Abragam, French physicist
- December 18 – Charles Chan, father of actor
Jackie Chan (d. 2008)
- December 19 – Dietrich Hrabak, German World War II flying
ace (d. 1995)
- December 24 – Herbert Reinecker, German writer (d.
2007)
- December 26 – Richard Widmark, American actor (d. 2008)
- December 29 – Billy Tipton, American musician (d. 1989)
- December 30 – Bert Parks, American singer and actor (Miss
America Pageant) (d. 1992)
Deaths
January–June
- ca. January – Ambrose Gwinnett Bierce, American
editorialist, journalist, short-story writer and satirist
(disappeared while traveling with Pancho Villa documenting the
Mexican Civil War) (b. 1842)
- January 11 – Carl Jacobsen, Danish brewer and patron of the
arts (b. 1842)
- January 13 – Valentin Zubiaurre, Spanish composer and
professor of the Madrid Royal
Conservatory (b. 1837)
- January 18 – Georges Picquart, French general and
politician (b. 1854)
- January 20 – Federico Degetau, Puerto Rican politician
(b. 1862)
- February 24 – Joshua Chamberlain, American Civil War
general (b. 1828)
- February 25 – John Tenniel, English illustrator (b. 1820)
- March 1 – Gilbert
Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto (b. 1845)
- March 6 – George Washington Vanderbilt
II, American businessman (b. 1862)
- March 12 – George Westinghouse, American
entrepreneur (b. 1846)
- March 15 – Jalaleddin Ali Mir Abolfazl
Angha, 39th master of the Oveyssi Sufi Order
(b. 1849)
- March 16 – Charles Albert Gobat, Swiss politician,
recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
(b. 1843)
- March 19 – Giuseppe Mercalli, Italian volcanologist
(b. 1850)
- March 25 – Frédéric Mistral, French writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1830)
- April 1 – Rube
Waddell, American baseball player (b. 1876)
- April 2 – Paul von Heyse, German writer,
Nobel Prize laureate (b.
1830)
- April 7 – Mohammad Ayyub Khan, Emir of
Herat, Emir of Kandahar, Afghan military leader (b. 1855)
- April 19 – Empress Shōken, empress-consort of the
Meiji Emperor (b. 1849)
- May 2 – John Campbell, 9th Duke of
Argyll, husband of Princess Louise of the United
Kingdom (b. 1845)
- May 23 – Gustav
Hamel, pioneer aviator, carried first airlmail (b. 1889)
- May 26 – Jacob
Riis, Danish-American social reformer (b. 1849)
- June 11 – Adolf
Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1848)
- June 14 – Adlai E. Stevenson, Vice President of the United
States (b. 1835)
- June 21 – Bertha von Suttner, Austrian writer and
pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace
Prize (b. 1843)
- June 28
July–December
- July 2 – Joseph Chamberlain, British politician
(b. 1836)
- July 17 – Luis
Uribe, Chilean naval hero (b. 1847)
- July 31 – Jean Jaurès, French pacifist (assassinated)
(b. 1859)
- August 4 – Hubertine Auclert, French feminist (b.
1848)
- August 6 – Ellen Louise Wilson, First Lady of the United
States (b. 1860)
- August 8 – Martin-Paul Samba, Cameroonian rebel
leader
- August 12 – John Philip Holland, Irish developer of
the submarine (b. 1840)
- August 20 – Pope Pius X (b. 1835)
- August 30 – Aleksander Samsonov, Russian general (b.
1859)
- September 3 – Albéric Magnard, French composer (b.
1865)
- September 8 – Hans Leybold, German nihilist poet (b. 1892)
- September 22 – Alain-Fournier, French writer (b. 1886)
- September 26 – August Macke, German painter (b. 1887)
- September 28 – Richard Warren Sears, American founder
of Sears, Roebuck and
Company (b. 1863)
- October 10 – King Carol I of Romania (b. 1839)
- November 3 – Georg Trakl, Austrian poet (b. 1887)
- November 11 – A. E.
J. Collins, British cricketer and soldier (b.
1885)
- November 12 – Augusto dos Anjos, Brazilian poet (b.
1884)
- November 14 – Frederick
Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts of Kandahar, British field marshal
(b. 1832)
- November 19 – Robert Jones Burdette, American
minister and sentimental humorist (b.
1844)
- November 21 – Thaddeus C. Pound, American businessman and politician
(b. 1833)
- December 24 – John Muir, American naturalist (b. 1838)
Nobel Prizes
Fictional
The following are references to year 1914 in fiction:
Other uses
See also
Notes
External links
in the
Mexican
state of Chihuahua
.
the ASCAP (for American
Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers) is established to
protect the copyrighted musical compositions of its
members.
, is launched at Harland & Wolff
Shipyards in Belfast
.
joins the Universal Postal Union
.
to begin his
reign.
to make the first true study of it (they depart
August 1915)
port city of
Veracruz
for over 6 months.
.
Margaret
C. MacDonald is
appointed Matron-in-Chief of the Canadian Nursing service band and
becomes the first woman in the British Empire to reach the rank of
major.
is incorporated.
's House of Commons
passes Irish Home
Rule.
sinks in the Gulf of St. Lawrence
; 1,012 lives are lost.
; Venustiano
Carranza demands Victoriano
Huerta's surrender.
is reopened (having been deepened) by the Kaiser; the British Fleet under Sir G. Warrender visits; the Kaiser
inspects the dreadnought .
.
sends a dispatch to Vienna
suggesting
Serbian complicity in the crime of Sarajevo. Anti-Serb riots
erupt in Sarajevo and throughout Bosnia generally.
.
, addresses in Parliament on the murdered Archduke
include Lords Crewe & Lansdowne in the House of Lords, and
Messrs. Asquith & Law in the House of Commons.
.
for a cruise
in northern German waters.
completes the recasting of the Amendment
Bill.
, dies
suddenly at the Austrian Legation in Belgrade
summons a conference to discuss the Irish Home Rule
problem.
orders full
mobilization.
.
declares war on Russia
orders
general mobilization.
closed due to war in Europe, where nearly all stock
exchanges were already closed.
in accordance with its Schlieffen Plan.
and
Germany
to allow German passage into France
declares neutrality.
declares war on Austria-Hungary.
: The German Army overruns and defeats the
Belgians.
is inaugurated with the passage of the steamship
U.S.S. Ancon.
.
.
begins between German and Russian
forces.
. Pope Pius X
dies.
declares war on Germany.
changes its name to Petrograd.
Zoo.
is occupied by the Germans.
, the
French
ends the
German advance on Paris
) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police
station.
.
, Belgium
ports; Russia, France, and Britain declare war on
November 1–November
5.
, and
together with France
. Venustiano
Carranza's troops take over and Carranza makes the town his
headquarters.
.
, Japan
becomes the first black African representative in
the French parliament.
from
South Africa to spearhead the Indian independence
movement.
is moved
from Guilin
to
Nanning
.
is dredged for the fabrication of vessels for the
United States Navy.
.
in
1914.
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