The
2009 flu pandemic in Europe, part of a pandemic in 2009 of a new strain of influenza A virus subtype
H1N1 causing what has been commonly called swine flu, has afflicted at least 125,550
people in Europe, with
216 confirmed deaths in the United Kingdom
, 161 confirmed deaths in Turkey
, and 120
confirmed deaths in Spain
.
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 Community Outbreaks in Europe:
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 Europe Map by number of cases:
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On 27 April, the
European Union
health commissioner advised Europeans not to travel to the United
States or Mexico unless urgent. This followed the discovery of the
first confirmed case in Spain.
EU Foreign relations commissioner
Benita Ferrero-Waldner said on 27
April the halt of all travel to Mexico and disinfecting all
airports due to the global flu outbreak is being considered.
On 20
July, authorities in Albania
reported the
first positive case of the swine flu. The infected person
was a student from Gjirokastra
, whose tests resulted positive. However, the
student was later reported to have been fully recovered from the
flu, and he was healthy again. A few day later, three other cases
of the flu were confirmed.
The infected people were two sailors from the
Philippines
and one from Romania
.
They are
now recovering on the Durrës
city
hospital. As of July 24, there were four cases of the swine
flu confirmed in Albania.
Outbreak evolution in Austria:
Several possible cases in Austria turned out to be negative,
whereas one test, that of a 28-year-old woman from Vienna, had a
positive result. Therefore Austria is the 9th country affected by a
confirmed case of swine flu. There are still two suspected cases
being tested. As of 22 July 2009 64 cases of the virus have been
confirmed in the country.
On 2 November 2009, an 11-year-old girl from Bozen, died in the
hospital of Innsbruck. This is the first time, the Flu caused the
death of a human in Austria.
Six suspected cases of swine flu in Belgium ultimately tested
negative.
The
Belgian interior ministry
announced the first case of A/H1N1 flu in Belgium
on 13 May 2009. The infected person is a 28-year old man who
lives in Ghent
and returned
from a holiday in the United States
.
Also a
second person tested positive for Mexican flu in Belgium on 14 May 2009.
Two new persons tested positive for A/H1N1 flu on 15 May
2009.
A sixth and seventh case of swine flu was discovered on
21 May 2009. An eighth infection
was reported on 26 May 2009.
By 22 July, a total of 126 have been confirmed.
On 30
July, a woman from Hoogstraten
became the first patient in Belgium to die because
of swine flu.
By 16 August, a total of 2353 cases have been confirmed.
As of 18 october, 5 people have died as consequence of swine flu
infection and it has been estimated that at least 20100 have been
infected by it in Belgium.
By 29 October, a total of 76964 cases have been confirmed and 7
people have died.
First case was confirmed in Bosnia and Herzegovina on 29 June.On
November 16, 2009 the first fatality related to the H1N1 in Bosnia
and Herzegovina. The 40-year-old man died in hospital in
Mostar.
The first
case of swine flu was a person from New York
to Sofia
on 27
May.The person developed respiratory problems, cough and
high fever on 29 May.
On
September 30, 2009 the first fatality related to the H1N1 in
Sofia.The 30-year-old man died in hospital in the
Bulgarian capital.
On 29
April it was announced that a 22-year old traveller from Florida
had been held in quarantine in Osijek
under
suspicion of swine flu.However, later that day director of
infectious disease epidemiology agency, Dr. Ira Gjenero Margan,
stated results of the testing were negative "with 99% certainty".
On 30
April, a child was held in quarantine in Zagreb
but the
results were negative. On 15 June health minister Darko
Milinovic confirmed the first case of swine flu in Croatia; however
few hours later he said that laboratory in London had
cross-contaminated the samples and thus created a false positive
result, meaning that there were no affected in Croatia.The first
case was Laboratory confirmed on 3 July. The patient was a
60-year-old woman, who came from Australia.On 31 October, a
61-year-old man from Split became the first patient in Croatia to
die because of swine flu.
Outbreak evolution in the Czech
Republic:
The Czech Republic confirmed its first case of swine flu May 25.
The 29-year old man working as a pilot returned from New York. He
was held in quarantine in the hospital Bulovka in Prague.
In August 5, 135 Czechs tested positive for swine flu.
Authorities confirmed on 1 May that a Danish citizen had tested
positive for swine flu, making it the first reported case in
Scandinavia.
By 11 June, a total of 11 cases is confirmed, including a six year
old boy.
On 29 June, the first case of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) resistance in
the world was announced.
On
August 28 2009 A
truckdriver from Pandrup
, Denmark, did die on duty in Norway. This
was discovered by the driver of the truck.
They both had
flu-symptoms, and when the living man from Pandrup arrived at
Aalborg
Sygehus
, he was tested positive on H1N1. Although,
it is still not known, if the passenger died caused the flu.
In the moment, 600ish Danes is tested positive for swine flu. Among
them, two in isolation in Indionesia and the first known resistant
case against tamiflu.
Health advisory issued by Estonian
government
Outbreak evolution in Estonia (as of
November 23):
The first case was laboratory confirmed on 29 May.
The patient was a
29-year-old man who returned from the United States.
On 3 June, two new cases have been laboratory confirmed.
On 7 June, fourth case was confirmed. The patient was a person who
also returned from the United States on 4 June.
Seven new cases were confirmed on June 26.
Two of the infected
people came back from a trip to Mexico
. The
others are Americans, who were on a trip to Estonia.
On 12th of July, six new cases were confirmed.
On 17
July, a young Estonian football player was infected, he returned
from Finland
after participating in U-19 European
Championships. As of 17 July, there were 22 confirmed
cases of A(H1N1).
On 28th of July, Ivi Normet, Deputy Secretary General on Health of
Ministry of Social Affairs of Estonia, speculated that in the
worst-case scenario the swine flu could infect 500,000 Estonians in
ten weeks. That's about 30% of Estonian population.
As of 9th of November, there were 130 cases confirmed.
As of 11th of November, there were 172 cases of influenza A (H1N1)
confirmed, in
Harjumaa,
Tartumaa,
Viljandimaa,
Võrumaa,
Ida-Virumaa and
Lääne-Virumaa.
Since November 11, Estonian Health Protection Inspectorate no
longer recommends laboratory tests for all suspected cases of
A(H1N1).
As of 13th of November, there were 79 new cases confirmed in one
week. Total: 217 cases.
As of 20 November, there were 269 cases of influenza A (H1N1)
confirmed, in 10 counties:
Harjumaa,
Tartumaa,
Viljandimaa,
Võrumaa,
Ida-Virumaa,
Lääne-Virumaa,
Jõgevamaa,
Põlvamaa,
Valgamaa and
Pärnumaa.
On November 23rd the first death of swine influenza occurred. The
victim was a 13-year-old boy, living in
Harjumaa region.
On November 29th the second death of swine influenza occurred. The
victim was a 50-year-old male. The total number of confirmed cases
has reached 302.
On October 16, 2009 the national broadcasting company
YLE reported that the first epidemic wave of swine flu
was hitting Finland. The National Institute for Health and Welfare
(THL) said that the H1N1 outbreaks in northern Finland were
reaching epidemic proportions. THL also reported that by 16 October
there were 377 confirmed cases in Finland.
The H1N1 strain of influenza was added to the official list of
infectious diseases dangerous to public ("yleisvaarallinen
tartuntatauti"), which guarantees free-of-charge treatment to all
residents and allows for involuntary quarantine, effective from May
1, 2009. From the beginning of August it was removed from the list,
so free-of-charge treatment is not available to residents any more.
Finland's
first two H1N1 cases were confirmed on May 12, 2009 in Helsinki
metropolitan area. The first confirmed cases
were traveling together in Mexico and came to Finland via Amsterdam
on May 6, 2009.
According to a Finnish site tracking H1N1 cases there are currently
1,425 confirmed cases (November 9), laboratory testing of every
suspected case having stopped by August.. Two serious cases were
reported in Finland by September 2.
Thousands were infected in Lapland
, northern Finland by October 21.
On
Saturday October 24 a 25-year old woman from Northern
Ostrobothnia
also suffering a chronical disease died from H1N1
influenza. On November 2 a 8-year old previously healthy
girl died from the disease. The girl and her parents had visited
doctor earlier, but were sent back home where the girl later died.
According to some estimates, the total number of cases in Finland
is probably 10,000-100,000.
A two-year old girl died from the disease (November 13, 2009).
After publicity of the death of the two-year old child, Finnish
National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, (November 13, 2009)
said they will no longer report deaths caused by H1N1.
Outbreak evolution in France (updated 18 Novemeber 2009):
As of 28 April there were twenty suspected cases of swine flu being
investigated in France. Since 25 April, over 100 cases of
Influenza-like illness have been
reported, of which 30 were identified as possible cases. 10 of
those cases have since been excluded. On 30 April, the number of
suspected cases was revised to 50 (including 4 probable
cases).
On 1 May, the French Health Minister has confirmed, during the 8
p.m. TF1 news, that 2 cases of A(H1N1) flu have been detected in
France.
On 4 May, two new cases have been confirmed bringing to 4 the total
number of people infected.
6 May, a fifth case is confirmed in Paris region.Two new cases are
also confirmed at the end of the afternoon by the INVS (National
Institute for Sanitary Watch), 7 are probable and 32 are
suspected.
On 7 May, three new cases were announced by the National Institute
for Sanitary Watch.
In
November 2009, 351 cases has been
detected for each 100.000 inhabitants. Since August, it has been
estimated that 1 980 000 persons have been infected by the flu in
metropolitan France. 43 of them
died (70 including overseas territories)
Outbreak evolution in Germany:
Two men
and a woman from Bielefeld
who had been firstly suspected of having the virus
tested negative on influenza type A.
On 29
April, the first case of swine flu in Germany was confirmed by the
Robert Koch Institute in the
area of Regensburg
. A 22-year-old woman from Hamburg
is also confirmed to have been infected by swine
flu during a trip to Mexico. A 37-year-old woman from Kulmbach
is also confirmed to have become infected during a
similar trip.
On 1 May,
Robert Koch Institute
confirmed the first case of human-to-human spreading of swine flu
in Munich
.
Infected was the nurse who had contact with one of the infected
people. At approx. 10:00 she was claimed to be already healed.
At the
time of 13:00 one further infection in Bavaria
was confirmed, but the patient is also claimed to
be healthy again.
On 2 May,
a new human-to-human infection, in the same hospital in Munich, was
confirmed. The new patient, who was in the same room with
the original infected German that came from Mexico, is currently
being reported to show no signs of the new influenza strain
anymore.
On 3 May,
two further cases of swine flu in Brandenburg
were reported. Two people from the
same flight as patient in Hamburg were also infected.
On 5 May,
one new case in Saxony-Anhalt
has been confirmed bringing to 9 the total number
of people infected.
On 7 May, another new case in Saxony-Anhalt is reported.
On 8 May
an adult male living in Bavaria who had recently been to USA
.
On 11 May the case of a 27 years old Bavarian woman, who stayed for
some weeks in Mexico and medicated patients in a hospital, is
reported.
On 15 May two more cases were reported, a female human and her son
from Saxony-Anhalt have been infected obviously by her husband /
his father, who returned from Mexico.
On 21 May
a case was found in a 43 year old woman from Düsseldorf
in North Rhine-Westphalia
who returned from New York. One day later,
Robert Koch Institute
confirmed that that her husband has been tested positive with swine
influenza too. Furthermore their six years old daughter who did not
stay in New York has been infected by her parents, bringing the
total to 17.
Until 5 June, 2009, the total number of confirmed cases increased
to 49. Most of them have been recent travellers to Mexico, the US
or the UK. However, there was also a single-digit number of
(isolated) in-country-transmissions.
Gibraltar has reported its first confirmed case of swine flu on 24
July.
On 19 May 2009 the authorities confirmed the first case of the new
flu in Greece. The infected person is a 19 year old Greek student
who studies in New York and who flew to Greece a few days ago. He
is hospitalised at
Sismanogleion but
is not gravely ill. The authorities have contacted many of the
passengers who sat near this patient on the plane and are examining
them for suspicious symptoms. At this point in time Greece has
enough antivirals to cover 12% of the population (at least 10% is
the amount proposed by the EU directives). The 19-year-old is now
out of the hospital and none of the passengers in his flight are
infected.
On 29 May 2009 the fourth case was announced.
On 14 June 2009 the total number of cases have reached 20 and on 17
June 2009 reached 25.On 9 July 2009 the total number of cases have
reached 216 out of whom 93 have fully recovered.
On 13 July 2009 the total number of cases have reached 290 of which
128 have fully recovered
On July 14, 2009 the total number of cases have reached 323 of
which 200 have fully recovered
On September 16,2009 the total number of cases have reached
2.149.
According
to the MTI
as of 29 April six suspected cases have been
reported in Hungary, none of them confirmed to be the swine
flu.Samples of the virus from the US health authorities are
due to arrive to Hungary in a few days enabling the start of
vaccine production.
On 29 May, a case has been confirmed. The infected person, a
Brazilian man has since recovered and left the country. On June 18
three new cases of swine flu were confirmed in Hungary, a married
couple who returned from New York, and a man who came back from
London were new infected.
The first case of
A in Iceland was reported
on 23 May 2009.
The infected person came to the country from
New
York and got sick shortly after he arrived in
Iceland. The second case was announced on 9 June. The
infected was a male in the
Greater Reykjavík area who also
had arrived from the United states. As of 6 August there are 54
cases of H1N1 in Iceland.
Iceland
is currently being briefed by the WHO and is
cooperating closely with ECDC
, CDC and the
EU in terms of monitoring and response.
Initially the directorate of health warned people traveling to
Mexico and the United States (especially California and Texas) to
exercise caution and to contact a doctor immediately if they
started showing symptoms of swine flu but on
April 28 people travelling to Mexico were advised
to cancel their trip unless its very urgent.
On 28 April, it was announced that passengers arriving in Iceland
from the United States or Mexico would be monitored and will
undergo
medical examination even
if the slightest signs of influenza are detected.
Iceland has stocks of
Tamiflu and
Relenza for one-third of its population.
In a risk assessment made by the Icelandic government in 2008 in
case of a influenza
pandemic two scenarios
are envisioned:
- A worst-case scenario where 50% of the Icelandic population are
infected and 3% of the infected population die.
- A milder scenario where precautionary measures prevent
infection, 25% of the Icelandic population are infected and 1%
die.
Latest details on cases of A(H1N1) flu in Ireland are to be found
on the Health Service Executive website. As of 29 June 2009 there
were 39 cases in Ireland..
Ireland has over two million doses of anti-virals and a pandemic
plan in place.
On 2 May 2009 the
Department of
Health's (HSE) announced the first confirmed case in Ireland,
an adult male living in Dublin who had recently been to
Mexico.
From 25 May to 31 May three more cases were confirmed.
On 2 June, 3 new cases were confirmed by the HSE on people who
returned recently from New York, The total number of cases as of
this date was 7.
On 19 June, a case of human swine flu was discovered in a
seven-year-old, who was attending a primary school in Co. Mayo and
had been abroad. 28 children in the school were treated with
Tamiflu. The total number of cases as of
this date was 18.
On 21 June a child believed to have recently returned from the
United States of America and presenting flu-like symptoms was
treated in Kerry General Hospital in Tralee, Co. Kerry, but tests
later proved negative.
Saturday 4 July 2009
A free swine flu vaccination is to be offered to the general
population in the coming months, as part of a major plan to avoid
the worst affects of a global pandemic.
The HSE plans to acquire over 7,500,000 doses of the vaccine, at a
cost of almost €90 million.
The jabs would be administered by GPs or through a network of over
a hundred swine flu clinics and will be ready by the autumn.
12 new cases of swine flu were confirmed here yesterday, bringing
the total number in Ireland to 63.
Friday 10 July 2009
Total number of laboratory confirmed cases in Ireland exceed 100. 9
of these cases are believed to have been in-country transmissions
of the virus
Tuesday 21 July
11 new cases of the H1N1 virus have been identified in Ireland
bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 164 including 17
cases which are believed to have been in-country transmissions of
the virus.
As of July 28, 2009, there are reportedly 276 confirmed cases in
Ireland, according to the
HSE. A man in his 30s
is critically ill in St James's Hospital in Dublin with human swine
flu (H1N1). The man, who is originally from Bratislava in Slovakia,
was admitted to hospital late last week. He has been working in
Ireland for several years.
Around 1,500 people visited GPs last week with suspected swine flu,
three times more than the most recent figures released.
Director of the Health Protection Surveillance Centre Dr Darina
O'Flanagan said the figure was included in the latest data from the
Irish College of General Practitioners.
It represents 37 people per 100,000 and is three times more than
figures released yesterday by the Department of Health.
AdvertisementThe Department said laboratory tests have confirmed
278 cases of the H1N1 virus have been reported but the actual
number exceeds that total as family doctors report an increase in
the number of cases they have been diagnosing in recent
weeks.
Two patients who contracted human swine flu (H1N1) are still being
treated in intensive care units.
Chief medical officer at the Department of Health Dr Tony Holohan
said yesterday that the HSE expects some deaths from the virus, and
further hospitalisations, over the coming weeks and months.
Dr Holohan said 12 people have been hospitalised so far.
A man in his 30s, who was admitted to St James's Hospital last
week, remains 'critically ill' with the virus.
It is believed the man, who is originally from Bratislava in
Slovakia, contracted the virus abroad. He has been living in
Ireland for several years.
The hospital said that all necessary precautions were being taken
and that the Health Service Executive and the Department of Health
were being fully informed.
Friday, 7 August 2009 18:00A young Irish woman has died from human
swine flu today at Tallaght Hospital in Dublin.
She is the first person to die from the virus here since the first
cases emerged in this country in May.
Department of Health officials said this evening that the woman had
an underlying medical condition.
Monday, 17 August 2009.
The second death due to the swine flu virus has been reported. The
victim is believed to have been living in the east of the country.
The death toll currently stands at nine.
On
October 1, two further deaths were
announced, bringing the total fatalities to four.
Outbreak evolution in Italy:
Italy's agriculture lobby, Coldiretti, warned against panic
reaction, noting that farmers lost hundreds of millions of
Euros due to consumer boycotts during the 2001 mad cow
scare and the 2005 bird flu outbreak.
A woman
who returned from San
Diego
was hospitalised in Venice
for
suspected swine flu.
As of 30 April, about 20 suspected cases of swine flu are monitored
in Italy.
On 2 May, Reuters confirmed that Italy had a case of the swine flu.
It was
recorded in a 50 year old man in Massa
after he
returned from Mexico City. However, he had very mild
symptoms (i.e aches, coughing, but no fever) and is recovering
well.
As of 26 July the amount of swine flu cases is 618 with community
outbreaks contributing to the number.
On 4 September the first death was confirmed in Italy. On 19
September the second death was confirmed in Italy.
On July 24, the authorities in Kosovo announced that the samples of
three suspected cases had been sent to the laboratory for analysis.
According to the authorities, the three cases had had contact with
other people who were infected by the A/H1N1 virus.
Two of them had
previously been visited Switzerland
and Sweden
, and one
of them was in the United
Kingdom.
On July
28, the results of these three suspected cases showed that only the
person, who recently was in the United Kingdom was infected with the swine flu.
This
person was a 9-year-old child, living in the United Kingdom, who along with the family came to spend their
vacation in Kosovo. The family arrived to the Pristina
Airport
from London
, and
during the flight, health inspectors recommended the child to see a
doctor, once they arrived to Pristina
.
On November 14, A First Death Was Confirmed In Kosovo.
On
June 21, a woman, who had just returned
from
North America, was hospitalised.
Symptoms were observed already when she was still in the plane. It
was later confirmed that she has the swine flu. It was the first
registered case in Latvia.
In early
November, after severe outbreak in Russia
and
Ukraine
, the people suffering from the flu
increased. On
November 5, there
were alone 10 new cases registered, increasing the total amount of
cases to 63. Just four days later, on
November 9, the number reached 89 cases and the
first death of H1N1 in Latvia was confirmed. As more people got
precautious and the pharmacies weren't supplied enough, already the
next day for a moment they ran out of any profilactic drugs against
influenza. On
November 11 the number of
registered cases reached 132. The next day, with another 33 new
cases, the total amount reached already 165 people.
As of 15 of August, confirmed swine
influenza cases in Lithuanian districts:
On 26
June Lithuania confirmed country's first influenza A (H1N1) in
Tauragė
(diagnosed by Lithuanian AIDS Centre).
On 2 July
Lithuania confirmed two more cases of influenza A (H1N1), in
Tauragė and Vilnius
.Total number of cases - 3
On 7 July
Lithuania confirmed two more cases of influenza A (H1N1), in
Vilnius region.Total number of cases - 5
As of 11 of July, there was 25 possible cases. All of 25 cases was
not confirmed.
On 16
July Lithuania confirmed two more cases of influenza A (H1N1), in
Vilnius region.Total number of cases - 7
On 23
July Lithuania confirmed three more cases of influenza A (H1N1), in
Vilnius, Marijampolė
and Kaunas
region.Total number of cases - 10
On 27
July Lithuania confirmed two more cases of influenza A (H1N1), in
Vilnius region.Total number of cases - 12
On 29 July Lithuania confirmed three more cases of influenza A
(H1N1).Total number of cases - 15
On 31
July Lithuania confirmed seven more cases of influenza A (H1N1), in
Vilnius, Panevėžys
, Klaipėda
, Kaunas, Prienai
region.Total number of cases - 22.
As of 08 of August, there was 29 cases.
Lithuania confirmed
eight more cases of influenza, from Kaunas, Vilnius, Ukmergė
rajono and Utena
region. One of the infected - Israeli citizen, comed
to Lithuania
.
On 11 of
August, Lithuania confirmed six more cases of influenza A (H1N1),
in Vilnius, Panevėžys, Pasvalys
, Prienai region.Total number of cases - 35.
On 13 of
August, Lithuania confirmed five more cases of influenza A (H1N1),
in Akmenė
and
Šiauliai
. Total number of cases - 40.
On days 14-22 of August, Lithuania confirmed seven more cases of
influenza A (H1N1). Total number of cases - 47
As of 30 of August, there was 48 cases. Lithuania confirmed one
more case of influenza.
As of 07 of September, there was 51 cases. Lithuania confirmed
three more cases of influenza.
As of 03 of November, there was 57 cases. Lithuania confirmed six
more cases of influenza.
As of mid-November there was 68 cases. Lithuania comfirmed eleven
more cases of influenza.
As of 15 of November. Currently 127 confirmed cases of
influenza.
As of 18 of November. First death of swine influenza.
Victim is 14-year old
boy, living in Kaunas
region.
As of 23 of November. Second death of swine influenza.
Victim is 40-year old
male, living in Visaginas
.
On November 24, epidemic is announced in whole Lithuania.
As of 28 of November. Third death of swine influenza.
Victim is 30-year old
female, living in Šiauliai.
On 2nd of June, the first case of swine flu was detected in
Luxembourg.
On 17 of September, the first death relative to swine flu was
reported in Luxembourg.
On 18 of October, 785 people were confirmed to have the swine
flu.
On 16 of November, a second person died of swine flu.
On 27 April 2009, the government of the Republic of Macedonia
prohibited all exports and imports of live pigs. Even though
Macedonia is not affected from the Swine Flu, the government
ordered a ten days health monitoring period for everybody that
comes from an affected country.
On the 4 July, Macedonia confirmed the first two cases of virus
A/H1N1. As 16th of July Macedonia confirmed 10 cases of A\H1N1
virus
On the
2nd July 2009, two men were diagnosed with swine flu after a
holiday in Girona
, Spain.
Malta had so far been the only country in European Union without
swine flu cases. On the 3rd July 2009, 14 more cases were reported,
bringing the total to 16.
Most cases of swine flu in Malta
have been
mild, with only two hospital admissions as of 6 July 2009, when
there were 24 confirmed cases. Ironically the
largest number of cases have occurred in Għarb
, Gozo; one
of the smallest villages on the islands. On Tuesday 18
August the first death was reported; by then the total cases had
increased to 244. On the 3rd of September the 2nd death flu was
confirmed. The first death, an 82 year-old-woman, was suffering
from a chronic disease whereas the second victim, a 63
year-old-man, had chronic health problems.
The third victim, a
32 year-old-woman from Spain, that died
at San Pawl
il-Baħar
area.
As of 10 November 2009, there are 132 confirmed cases, and 3
confirmed deaths in Moldova.
Monaco has reported its first confirmed case of swine flu on 17
June.
The
victim is a young Monegasque who returned from the United States. He was put in the isolation unit of
L'archet Hospital.
There are ten confirmed cases of H1N1 in Montenegro.
The
Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the
Environment advised any traveller who returned from Mexico
since 17 April and developed a fever of 38.5 degrees Celsius (101.3
degrees Fahrenheit) within four days of arriving in the Netherlands
to stay at home.On 30 April, 2009 a three year old child tested
positive for the swine flu. The child returned from Mexico to the
Netherlands on 27 April, 2009. The parents tested negative to the
swine flu.The girl was very ill at first according to her parents,
but made a full recovery.On 7 May a second case and a day later a
third case of swine flu in the Netherlands were announced,
concerning a 53 year old woman and a 52 year old man, respectively.
Both of them had returned from Mexico recently and are being
treated with Tamiflu. The woman made a full recovery, the man is
doing well. There are no connections between each of the three
cases. People who were seated close to the infected people in the
plane were contacted and are being treated with Tamiflu as a
precautionary measure.On 3 July, there were 134 confirmed cases in
the Netherlands. The number rose to 273 on 24 July and to 517 on 31
July. On 4 August the first person died (after being sick already),
and the number of infected people rose to 912 on 7 August.Only 20%
of the patients have contracted the flu within the Netherlands.
Many of the sick are people who fell ill during or after their
holidays in countries like Spain, Greece and the United Kingdom. On
November 6 the
Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the
Environment says there are 5 more cases of dead (what brings
the total on 17) and that there is an epemedic, witch means more
then 51 on the 100,000 inhabitants has the flu, more then 2 weeks
in a row. On 13 November 2009 the number of fatalities rose to
22.
Outbreak evolution in Norway:
The Norwegian Institute of Public Health (FHI) updates their
homepage with information about the swine flu outbreak in Norway
every day at 10:00 (
UTC).
On 9 May,
two Norwegian students from Oslo
and
Telemark
, were confirmed to be infected with swine flu after
they came home from studies in Mexico. None of them became
seriously ill and they are recovering quickly. A member of one of
their families is suspected of being infected as well.
One of them (the 20
year-old man from Oslo) have
been confirmed completely recovered. These are the first two
cases of swine influenza in Norway. By the end of May, there were a
total number of 7 infected in Norway.
On 4
June, a Norwegian woman from Vest-Agder
who recently had been to the United States was
confirmed with the swine influenza. The infected woman is
recovering well. This is the ninth confirmed case of swine
influenza.By the end of June, the total number of infected by
influenza A H1N1 rose to 33.
As of 20 July, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health (FHI)
reports a total of 133 infected. 115 were infected abroad and 18 in
Norway. Influenza A H1N1 has now reached 16 out of 19 fylker
(counties). Most cases are found in Oslo (42), and in Sør-Trøndelag
(30). So far, swine flu has not been registered in Finnmark,
Nord-Trøndelag and in Hedmark
As of 24 July, 197 cases in 18 out of 19 fylker (counties). Most
cases are found in Oslo (60), and in Sør-Trøndelag (36). So far,
swine flu has not been registered in Hedmark.
As of 19 November, 23 deaths was reported in Norway.
On 22 October, it was confirmed by authorities that over 100,000
people in Norway had been infected with swine flu. 14 people are
reported dead by October 29.
Outbreak evolution in Poland:
Polish Chief Sanitary Inspectorate (PIS) maintains a webpage on the
epidemic situation in Poland which includes daily updates on
influenza A/H1N1 outbreak. As of 4 November it confirmed 187 cases,
but there are no death cases.
As of 1 July, Poland has 19 confirmed cases, according to the
National Institute of Public Health and the news channel
TVN 24. As of 22 June, at least 200 other patients
had been previously investigated but tests turned out negative. The
Polish Foreign Ministry issued a statement on 25 April recommending
that citizens avoid travel to affected areas until the outbreak is
totally contained.
On 13
November, 37 years man died in Gdańsk
.
Epidemical station in Olsztyn
confirmed that was A/H1N1.
In 16 November, 2009 it confirmed 237 cases, with two death
cases.
On 18
November, 24 years woman died in Żywiec
.
On 19
November, 47 years man died in Ciechanów
.
In 20 November, 2009 it confirmed 400 cases, with five death
cases.
In 23 November, 2009 it confirmed 586 cases, with nine death
cases.
Outbreak evolution in Portugal:
rigth
As of 4
May, there has been one confirmed case in Lisbon
, Portugal, but it did not represent any
concern, because the risk of transmission was no longer present at
that time.
On 1
June, Ana Jorge, the Portuguese Health
Minister, has confirmed the second case in Portugal, a 33 year old
man who travelled from the United States, first landing in Frankfurt
, Germany. The case was
reported at São João Hospital,
Oporto
.On 30 June, five new cases were
announced in Portugal elevating the total number of cases to
18.
As of 2 July there have been 27 confirmed cases in Portugal.
On 3 July, 6 more cases were reported, making a total of 33 cases.
As of 4 July, more 5 cases were confirmed, two of them internal
transmitions (one in Azores, and the other one in Lisbon).
On 6 July, there have been confirmed 48 cases in Portugal.
As of 7 July, another 12 people infected were confirmed, making a
total of 57 cases in the country. On this day, the first school was
closed down for prevention, in Lisbon, as well as a kindergarten in
Azores.
On 8 July, 4 more cases were confirmed, including the first in
Braga district, making the total cases 61.
As of 14 July, there are a total of 96 confirmed cases in Portugal.
On this day, it was also announced that Faro's Hospital will join,
on 15 July, the set of hospitals in the country capable of
receiving patients infected with the A/H1N1 flu virus.
Government officials state the worst case scenario in Portugal is
25% infection with a mortality of 0.1% totaling 8700 casualties in
Portugal.
As of August 23 there have been 2244 people infected with the flu
in Portugal.
Portugal has the second higher tie of infections in Europe. 20,9
cases per 100,000 persons.
On 13 September 2009, Portugal had 9618 cases officially
confirmed.
In total, as of September 24, there were 12709 cases confirmed in
Portugal, and the first death was confirmed in the same day.
Outbreak evolution in Romania:
In
Sâmbăteni
, Arad County, a
child of a year and six months and his mother who recently returned
from a trip to Portugal and Spain were suspected of having
contracted influenza A(H1N1). Tests returned negative.
On
Wednesday, 27 May a woman returning from America was confirmed with
swine flu in Bucharest
.
As of
August 11, there were 227 confirmed cases in 22 out of 41 counties
of Romania.
By mid-September the number of cases in Romania had risen to
296.
As of November, 2nd 2009 the number of cases was 555. No
deaths.
As of November, 10th 2009 the number of cases was 1001. No
deaths.
As of November, 19th 2009 the number of cases was 1651. No
deaths.
The first confirmed case of death came on November, 23rd.
As of November, 25th 2009 the number of cases was 2455 and 2
deaths.
Outbreak evolution in Russia:
Russia has banned the import of pork meat from Guatemala, Honduras,
Dominican Republic, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Nicaragua, Panama,
El Salvador, 9 US States (Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Georgia,
Kansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Florida) and all types
of meat and meat products from Mexico and 5 US States (California,
Texas, Kansas, New York and Ohio).
The President instructed the regional governors to take urgent
steps to prevent swine flu from spreading to Russia.
Dmitry Medvedev also instructed the
presidential plenipotentiary envoys in the federal districts to
personally supervise the preventive measures to ensure the disease
did not spread [in Russia] and stipulated monthly reports on the
situation.
On 1 May officials confirmed that two women who came from USA trip
were suspected to have swine flu. Currently both are in hospital
for further treatment.As on 2 May, both tourists are reported not
to be infected with new strain.
Outbreak evolution in Serbia:
A 71
year old tourist from Texas
asked to be tested for swine flu at the Provincial
hospital in Novi
Sad
, on 30 April. The results were
negative.
The first confirmed case in Serbia was announced on 24 June.
The
infected person is a 29-year old male citizen of Montenegro
living in Belgrade
who came back from a trip to Argentina
two days earlier. As he travelled
across Croatia
and Germany
with other people, they were put in semi
quarantine. The second case was confirmed on 25 June.
The
infected person is a 4-year old female citizen of Australia who was visiting Sombor
. She had contact with 13 people whose health
is being monitored. On 26 June, three more cases were confirmed,
out of which two were independent cases while one patient was
infected from contact with the previously diagnosed patient. In
total 44 people were put under quarantine surveillance.
On 28
June, 6 more cases were confirmed - three were citizens of Canada
, a mother and her 2- and 5-year old daughters, two
were tourists returning from Australia and
Egypt
and one was infected from contact with the first
flu case patient in Serbia. Four more cases were confirmed on 1
July, one of the patients is a 73-year old US citizen,
while two patients arrived from abroad, from Australia and the USA. On
2 July, an Australian sportsman was diagnosed with flu.
On 6
July, the total number of infected patients rose to 26 with two
more cases among the Universiade athletes, one from Uganda and one from Argentina. On 7 July, four more cases were confirmed
with a total number of 30 cases in Serbia. On 8 July four more
cases were confirmed with a total number of 34 cases.
International events held in Serbia,
2009 Summer Universiade sport
competition and
EXIT music festival,
led to a sudden increase to over 100 cases of flu in
mid-July.
On October 21, 2009 the first fatality related to the H1N1 in
Serbia. The 46-year-old woman died in hospital in Kragujevac.
As of November 10, there are 258 people infected , and 7 death
cases.
On November 16, there are 295 officialy confirmed cases, with 11
people died as consequence of swine flu infection.
First
confirmed infection was confirmed on 19 June; a female who flew
from New
York to Venice and then drove by car to Slovenia.
Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia has
established a web site with information about H1N1 induced
influenza. Status of this webpage is updated once a week. As of 5
October 2009, there were 263 people tested positive.
Outbreak evolution in Spain:
On 27
April the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy announced
that a man in Castilla-La Mancha
who had recently returned from Mexico had
contracted the disease. The man, aged 23, had returned from
Mexico on 22 April and had been quarantined on the 25th. This was
the first confirmed case in Europe.
The
Spanish government is also
observing other 35 possible swine flu cases in the Basque
Country
, Catalonia
, the Balearic Islands
, Andalusia
, Murcia
, Madrid
and the Valencian Community
.
AENA, the Spanish state owned company who manages all
Spanish airports and Air Traffic
Control established a protocol for the flights coming from and
to Spain from the
affected areas. Three patients who had just returned from
Mexico were under observation in multiple regions of Spain.
Outbreak evolution in Sweden:
On 28 April, at least eighteen Swedish people were tested for swine
flu after returning from trips in Mexico and the USA, but the
results were negative. On 29 April two people, recently returned
from Mexico with flu like symptoms were tested.
As of 6 May, the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control
confirms 1 case of influenza A(H1N1). 186 negative test results
have been reported. No suspected cases remain to be analysed.
The number of confirmed cases has reached 2 in Sweden, with 435
negative cases reported as of May 15.
A third case was confirmed on Friday, May 15th, and reported on the
following Saturday, where the patient, a woman in her sixties, has
recovered. In all of the 3 cases the influenza was contracted in
the USA.
A fourth case was confirmed 28 May, influenza was contracted in the
USA.
As of July 19, 274 cases has been confirmed. On July 20, the number
had risen to 322 confirmed cases and to 340 on July 21. 362 cases
had been reported on July 22, 390 on July 23 and 408 as of July
24.
Three regions have reported more than 20 cases; Stockholm county
with 144, Skåne country with 78 and Västra Götaland with 71.
42 of the 408 cases were contracted domestically.
A 22
year old man in Norrköping
is hospitalised with a life threatening condition,
requiring extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation.
In
August, a 37 year old man in Uppsala
was the first to die of H1N1 influenza in
Sweden. The second case was in September, a 55 year
old man in Västerås
. On October 31, a three-year old boy died in
a hospital after first being turned down treatment even though he
suffered several of the obvious symptoms.
Outbreak evolution in
Switzerland:
The first suspicious case was officially confirmed on 27 April. A
young man returning from holiday in Mexico informed his family
doctor about fever and flu-like symptoms. He was immediately put
under quarantine in a hospital. 8 more people are under
observation. A container of inactive swine flu virus samples packed
in
dry ice exploded on a Swiss train,
injuring one person but posing no other risks to humans.
Switzerland has confirmed its first case of swine flu in a
19-year-old student who returned from Mexico on 30 April.
The
state hospital in Baden
said in a statement that the National Influenza
Centre in Geneva confirmed the disease shortly after the student
was mistakenly released from hospital day before.
Switzerland has confirmed its second case of swine flu in a young
woman of 24. She was returning from a trip to Mexico and USA. She
is now in the Hospital in Bern.
On 24 May, a third case of swine flu has been announced in a woman
who came back from Washington and is resident in Basel.
As of 26 June, there are 49 confirmed cases in ten cantons, with
five cases having been community-transmitted.
As of 19 November a total of three persons have been reported to
die from swine flu, a baby and two women, all of them with
prexisting health problems of other origin.
Outbreak evolution in Turkey:
From the
data collected from 43 European countries, on 13th November 2009
the WHO announced that Ukraine had the 8th
highest infection rate of A/H1N1 (following Norway
, Sweden, Bulgaria
, Moldova
, Iceland
, Ireland
and Russia) in Europe. Furthermore,
Belarus
, Kazakhstan
, Poland
, various regions of Russia, Northern
Ireland
, Turkey, Finland, and Ukraine had a high sickness rate of А/Н1N1
flu.
On 5 June, 2009 the first case of the virus was officially
confirmed in Ukraine.
The patient concerned, a 24-year-old
Ukrainian citizen, had arrived from New York via Paris
at Kiev
's Boryspil
Airport
on May 29, 2009. Before that imports of pork
and live pigs from all affected countries had been banned. The ban
applied to all shipments after April 21, 2009.
A second swine flu case (in Ukraine) was confirmed on September 29,
2009.
On
October 27, 2009, an outbreak of influenza-like illness and deaths
of seven people from its complications have been reported in
Ternopil
region
. Schools and universities in Ternopil were
closed.
On 30 October, 2009, Ukrainian Ministry of Health confirmed 11 new
cases of swine flu, and the first death from it. An epidemic was
declared and nine out of 25
regions of
Ukraine were put under quarantine, on November 5, 2009
Kirovohrad became the 10th. Due to the
outbreak public meetings, including cinema, were forbidden
nationwide and all
educational
institutions were closed for three weeks (subject to extension
if necessary). Conscription into the
Ukrainian army was also suspended, and the
Professional
Football League of Ukraine postponed football matches in the
Ukrainian First League and
Second League. Since
November 20, 2009 regional commissions can impose or cancel
quarantines in higher educational establishments.
On November 23 in
the regions where the epidemic threshold for flu and respiratory
infections wasn't reached educational institutions opened again;
for instance on November 25, 2009 all educational institutions and
kindergartens in Kiev resumed
work.
A large
shipment of Tamiflu was delivered from
Switzerland to Ukraine on November 1, 2009 for distribution
among hospitals for free.
According to the Ukrainian Health Ministry as of November 2, 2009
the number of people who have died of influenza and respiratory
diseases has reached 60, the number of people suffering from the
flu is 200,000 and about 22 patients tested positive for swine flu.
On
November 5, 2009 the Ministry said the death toll of patients with
flu-related and acute
respiratory illnesses (ARI) had jumped to 95, a total of 633,
877 cases of flu-related and ARI have been registered from October
29 through November 5 and 15 of 31 patient samples sent to London for laboratory analysis tested positive for the
H1N1 virus.
As of November 6, 2009 28 cases of swine flu have been confirmed in
Ukraine, of which 13 patients had died. The Ukrainian health
ministry estimates that Ukraine requires 12.5 million doses of
vaccine against swine flu. As of November 10, 2009 67 cases of
swine flu have been confirmed in Ukraine, of which 14 patients had
died. 1,031,587 people in Ukraine had contracted flu or a flu-like
illness by then and of them 52,742 where in hospital at the time
while there where 174 deaths from from acute respiratory viral
infections . If at least one person has been diagnosed with swine
flu in any of
Ukraine's regions
everyone diagnosed with the flu in that region receives swine flu
treatment.
According to Jukka Pukkila, head of a
WHO
international mission to Ukraine, "there is no difference
concerning the rate of A/H1N1 flu infection in Ukraine compared to
other countries". WHO tests of the H1N1 pandemic virus samples
taken from Ukrainian patients haven't exposed any signs of
mutation.
According to the Ukrainian Health Ministry the average daily number
of legalities caused by flu in 2009 was lower than in 2008, when it
was 18.
According to Chief State Sanitary Doctor Oleksandr Bilovol, the
mass refusal by
Ukrainians to be
vaccinated (after several persons allegedly died after vaccinations
in 2008 and 2009) was partly the cause for the epidemic.
A total of 22 countries have assisted Ukraine in fighting its flu
epidemic.
 Outbreak evolution in the United
Kingdom
|
.svg/150px-H1N1_United_Kingdom_Map_-_Region_(Deaths).svg) Outbreak evolution in the United
Kingdom
|
 Outbreak evolution in the United
Kingdom:
|
|
[[Image:Swineflu uk consultations.svg|thumb|right|236px|Daily
consultation rate for influenza-like illness in the UK. Source
HPA and
QSurveillance.
]]
Samples
from suspected cases have been analysed by the National Institute for Medical
Research
in London, which is also examining samples of the
U.S. strain of the disease.
On 25
April 2009, a member of British
Airways cabin crew was taken to Northwick Park Hospital
in Harrow and quarantined
after falling ill with flu-like symptoms on a flight from Mexico City
though he was later found not to have swine
flu.
The first cases were confirmed on 27 April in passengers returning
from Mexico.
On 1 May the first UK person to person transmission was confirmed.
Graeme Pacitti, 24, of Falkirk, picked up the virus after contact
with the UK's first cases Iain and Dawn Askham.
It was reported on 26 May that a man who has been confirmed with
swine flu was critically ill.
On 28 May, people at a Home Office building in Sheffield were
quarantined, it was feared someone had caught swine flu on a recent
trip to Canada. In fact, not one, but three people had caught it,
the person who had been to Canada, one from someone who recently
had stayed in Acapulco, Mexico, and one from someone who recently
had stayed in London.
On 6 June, the total of swine flu cases hit 508 with 3 people in
intensive care in hospital.On 7 June, the total of swine flu cases
hit 541 with 3 people in intensive care and one woman with swine
flu gave birth in hospital.
As of 11 June, 822 cases of swine flu were clinically
confirmed.
On 13 June, the total of swine flu cases hit 1,122 with 4 people in
intensive care in hospital.
The following day, the first death from
swine flu in the United
Kingdom is reported from Scotland
, making the first death from swine flu in Europe.
By the 9 July there were over 9,718 cases of swine flu and the rate
of cases was going up increasingly.
By the 16 July, over 10000 cases of Swine flu were confirmed, with
the British government suggesting a possible 55000 new cases in the
week leading up to the 16. There were 29 deaths confirmed, although
the majority of these had 'underlying health issues'. (26 in
England and 3 in Scotland)
Timeline
| 2009 |
A(H1N1) outbreak and pandemic
milestones in Europe |
| 27 April |
First case confirmed in the United Kingdom. |
| First case confirmed in Spain. |
| 29 April |
First case confirmed in Germany. |
| First case confirmed in Austria. |
| 30 April |
First case confirmed in the Netherlands. |
| First case confirmed in Switzerland. |
| First case confirmed in Ireland. |
| 1 May |
First case confirmed in Denmark. |
| First case confirmed in France. |
| 2 May |
First case confirmed in Italy. |
| 3 May |
First case confirmed in Portugal. |
| 6 May |
First case confirmed in Poland. |
| First case confirmed in Sweden. |
| 9 May |
First case confirmed in Norway. |
| 12 May |
First case confirmed in Finland. |
| 13 May |
First case confirmed in Belgium. |
| 16 May |
First case confirmed in Turkey. |
| 18 May |
First case confirmed in Greece. |
| 22 May |
First case confirmed in Russia. |
| 23 May |
First case confirmed in Iceland. |
| 25 May |
First case confirmed in the Czech Republic. |
| 26 May |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in the United Kingdom. |
| 27 May |
First case confirmed in Romania. |
| 28 May |
First case confirmed in Slovakia. |
| 29 May |
First case confirmed in Hungary. |
| 30 May |
First case confirmed in Cyprus. |
| First case confirmed in Estonia. |
| 31 May |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Germany. |
| 1 June |
First case confirmed in Bulgaria. |
| 2 June |
First case confirmed in Luxembourg. |
| First case confirmed in Ukraine. |
| 5 June |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Switzerland. |
| 12 June |
First confirmed case in the Isle of Man. |
| 14 June |
First death
confirmed in the United Kingdom. |
| 17 June |
First confirmed case in Monaco. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in France. |
| 18 June |
First confirmed case in Jersey. |
| 19 June |
First case confirmed in Slovenia. |
| 22 June |
First case confirmed in Montenegro. |
| 23 June |
First case confirmed in Latvia. |
| 24 June |
First case confirmed in Serbia. |
| 25 June |
First human-to-animal transmission
of the virus in the United Kingdom. |
| 26 June |
First case confirmed in Lithuania. |
| 29 June |
First case confirmed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. |
| First case of Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu) resistance found in Denmark. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in Italy. |
| 30 June |
First death
confirmed in Spain. |
| 1 July |
First case confirmed in Malta. |
| 4 July |
First case confirmed in Croatia. |
| First case confirmed in Macedonia. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in Spain. |
| 7 July |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Portugal. |
| 8 July |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Malta. |
| 11 July |
First case confirmed in Andorra. |
| 19 July |
First case confirmed in Georgia. |
| 20 July |
First case confirmed in Albania. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in Norway. |
| 22 July |
First death
confirmed in Hungary. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in Ireland. |
| 23 July |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Sweden. |
| 24 July |
First case confirmed in Gibraltar. |
| 25 July |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Greece. |
| 26 July |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Cyprus. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in Turkey. |
| 27 July |
Community
outbreaks confirmed in Denmark. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in the Netherlands. |
| First case confirmed in Kosovo. |
| 30 July |
First case confirmed in Azerbaijan. |
| First case confirmed in Moldova. |
| First death
confirmed in Belgium. |
| First death
confirmed in France. |
| 3 August |
First case confirmed in Akrotiri and Dhekelia. |
| 4 August |
First death
confirmed in the Netherlands. |
| 6 August |
First case confirmed in Liechtenstein. |
| 7 August |
First death
confirmed in Ireland. |
| 18 August |
First death
confirmed in Malta. |
| 19 August |
First case confirmed in Belarus. |
| 23 August |
First death
confirmed in Greece. |
| 31 August |
First death
confirmed in Sweden. |
| 3 September |
First death
confirmed in Norway. |
| 4 September |
First death
confirmed in Italy. |
| 17 September |
First death
confirmed in Luxembourg. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in Belgium. |
| 24 September |
First death
confirmed in Portugal. |
| 25 September |
First death
confirmed in Germany. |
| 30 September |
First death
confirmed in Bulgaria. |
| Community
outbreaks confirmed in Finland. |
| 20 October |
First death
confirmed in Iceland. |
| 21 October |
First death
confirmed in Serbia. |
| Mass vaccinations
in the United Kingdom begins. |
| 22 October |
First death
confirmed in the Czech Republic. |
| 24 October |
First death
confirmed in Finland. |
| First death
confirmed in Turkey. |
| 26 October |
First death
confirmed in Moldova. |
| 27 October |
First death
confirmed in Russia. |
| 30 October |
First death
confirmed in Ukraine. |
| 31 October |
First death
confirmed in Croatia. |
| 2 November |
First death
confirmed in Austria. |
| Mass vaccinations
in Turkey begins. |
| 3 November |
First death
confirmed in Slovenia. |
| 4 November |
First death
confirmed in Belarus. |
| First case of Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu) resistance found in Belarus. |
| First case of Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu) resistance found in the Netherlands. |
| 5 November |
First case confirmed in San Marino. |
| 9 November |
First death
confirmed in Latvia. |
| 10 November |
First death
confirmed in Slovakia. |
| 11 November |
First case confirmed in Armenia. |
| 12 November |
First death
confirmed in Azerbaijan. |
| 13 November |
First death
confirmed in Cyprus. |
| First death
confirmed in Poland. |
| 14 November |
First death
confirmed in Kosovo. |
| First death
confirmed in Switzerland. |
| 16 November |
First death
confirmed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. |
| Mass vaccinations
in Greece begins. |
| Mass vaccinations
in Spain begins. |
| 18 November |
First death
confirmed in Lithuania. |
| First death
confirmed in Macedonia. |
| First case of Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu) resistance found in Finland. |
| First case of Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu) resistance found in Slovenia. |
| 20 November |
First death
confirmed in Denmark. |
| First case of Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu) resistance found in the United Kingdom. |
| First mutation ( D222G ) confirmed in
Norway. |
| 23 November |
First death
confirmed in Estonia. |
| First death
confirmed in Romania. |
| Mass vaccinations
in the Netherlands begins. |
| Mass vaccinations
in the Czech Republic begins. |
| First mutation ( D222G ) confirmed in
Ukraine. |
| 27 November |
First mutation ( D222G ) confirmed in
France. |
| First case of Oseltamivir
(Tamiflu) resistance found in France. |
| 30 November |
First mutation ( D222G ) confirmed in
Finland. |
| First mutation ( D222G ) confirmed in
Italy. |
References and notes
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