Adriaen Hanneman (c.
1603, The Hague
- buried 11 July 1671, The Hague) was a Dutch Golden Age painter best-known today
for his portraits of the exiled British royal court. His
style was strongly influenced by his contemporary,
Anthony Van Dyck.
Biography
He was born into a wealthy Catholic patrician family in the Hague,
and studied drawing with Hague portrait artist
Jan Antonisz. van Ravesteyn. He
left for England in 1623 where he lived for 16 years. There he met
and was influenced by
Anthony Van
Dyck,
Cornelis Janssens
van Ceulen, and
Daniel Mytens. He
enjoyed the patronage of
Constantijn
Huygens, who introduced him at court. He returned to the Hague,
where he married the daughter of his old drawing teacher, Maria van
Ravesteyn, in 1640. In 1645 he became deacon of the
Guild of St. Luke. In 1656 he was one of
the dissenters who split off into the
Confrerie Pictura, which he headed the
first period. In 1666 he was awarded a silver goblet for his years
of service to this group. After his first wife died, he married a
second time to Alida Bezemer in 1669. Like so many other Catholic
painters, he fell on hard times soon after this as the
Rampjaar approached. Records show him selling
possessions again and again in 1670, and the next year he died,
leaving all of his drawings and engravings to his student Simon du
Parcq. Though he had been a highly respected and successful man,
his entire estate only brought 1,000 guilders.
Hanneman's Portraits
Hanneman is best known for court portraits of the British and Dutch
nobility, usually painted in imitation of the style of Anthony Van
Dyke. According to some sources, he may have worked in the studio
of Van Dyke in London. Later, in the Hague, he painted several
English Royalists who had gone into exile in the Netherlands after
the English Civil War.
Image:William Hamilton 1616-1651.jpg|William Hamilton, Second Duke Hamilton
(1616-1651) by Adriaen Hanneman, in the National Portrait Gallery
in LondonImage:Henry, Duke of Gloucester.jpg|Henry, Duke of Gloucester,
by Adriaen Hanneman, from the National Gallery of Art
in WashingtonImage:Aerssen van
Sommelsdijck.jpg|Cornelis van Aerssen van Sommelsdijck, by Adriaen
Hanneman, from Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
File:Adriaan-henneman constantijn-huygens and
his-five-children.png|Family of Constantijn Huygens.
In about 1639, soon after returning from England, He painted a
portrait of the Dutch scientist
Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695), a
contemporary of Isaac Newton, who discovered the wave theory of
light, Saturn's rings, and the pendulum clock.
In about 1648, he painted Charles, the Prince of Wales, later
Charles II of England, when he
was in the Hague staying with his sister. The original painting is
lost, but about thirty copies were made, and are found in different
museums, including the
Ashmolean Museum at
Oxford.
In about 1654, he painted the four-year old
William III, Prince of Orange,
wearing the sash of the Order of the Garter. (now in the
Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.)
In about 1664 he painted
Maria I Stuart
(1631-1660,) the wife of Prince
William II. The painting was
made several years after her death, at the request of her son,
Willem III. Mary is painted wearing a South American cloak of
colored feathers, and a headress of pearls and ostrich feathers.
Such cloaks had been brought to the Netherlands from Brazil as
early as 1644.
(now in the Mauritshuis
in the Netherlands).
Paintings by Hanneman in Public Museums
- Portrait of a Woman, Metropolitan
Museum of Art
, New York.
- Portrait of a Woman, (1653),
Pushkin
Museum
of Fine Arts, Moscow
- Henry, Duke of Gloucester (c. 1653) National Gallery
of Art, Washington D.C.
- Prince William III (1654), Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.
- Posthumous Portrait of Mary I Stuart with
a Servant, Mauritshuis Museum.
- Portrait of Lady Lucy Percy, Minneapolis Institute of the
Arts.
- William Hamilton, Second Duke of
Hamilton, National Portrait Gallery, London.
- Charles II as Prince of Wales,
(Copies of lost original), Ashmolean Museum
, Oxford and National Portrait Gallery,
London.
- "Two Boys and a Bubble" The Norton Museum of Art in West Palm
Beach Florida
References
- Dutch Who's who by Molhuisen on the DBNL
- Molhuisen says this is mentioned in Walpole.
Wheelock, Jr., Arthur K. "Dutch Paintings of the Seventeenth
Century - The Collections of the National Gallery of Art"
Systematic Catalog. Washington DC, 1995, pgs. 91-92.
External Sources
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