April 14: Map

Wikipedia article:

Map showing all locations mentioned on Wikipedia article:

Events

43 BC – Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Julius Caesar's assassin Decimus Junius Brutus in Mutina , defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed.
69 – Vitellius, commander of the Rhine armies, defeats Emperor Otho in the Battle of Bedriacum and seizes the throne.
966 – Christianisation of Poland
1028 – Henry III, son of Conrad, is elected king of the Germans .
1205 – Battle of Adrianople between Bulgarians and Crusaders.
1294 – Temür, grandson of Kublai, is elected Khagan of the Mongols and Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty with the reigning titles Oljeitu and Chengzong.
1341 – Sack of Saluzzo (Italy ) by Italian-Angevine troops under Manfred V of Saluzzo.
1434 – The foundation stone of Cathedral St. Peter and St. Paul in Nantes , France is laid.
1471 – In England , the Yorkists under Edward IV defeat the Lancastrians under Warwick at the battle of Barnet ; the Earl of Warwick is killed and Edward IV resumes the throne.
1699 – Khalsa: Birth of Khalsa, the brotherhood of the Sikh religion, in Northern India in accordance with the Nanakshahi calendar.
1775 – The first abolition society in North America is established. The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage is organized in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania by Benjamin Franklin and Benjamin Rush.
1828 – Noah Webster copyrights the first edition of his dictionary.
1831 – Soldiers marching on a bridge in Manchester , England cause it to collapse.
1846 – The Donner Party of pioneers departs Springfield, Illinois , for California , on what will become a year-long journey of hardship, cannibalism, and survival.
1849 – Hungary declares itself independent of Austria with Louis Kossuth as its leader.
1860 – The first Pony Express rider reaches Sacramento, California .
1864 – Battle of Dybbøl : A Prussian -Austrian army defeats Denmark and gains control of Schleswig. Denmark surrenders the province in the following peace settlement.
1865 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is shot in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth.
1865 – U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked in his home by Lewis Powell.
1881 – The Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight erupts in El Paso, Texas .
1890 – The Pan-American Union is founded by the First International Conference of American States in Washington, D.C.
1894 – Thomas Edison demonstrates the kinetoscope, a device for peep-show viewing using photographs that flip in sequence, a precursor to movies.
1912 – The British passenger liner hits an iceberg at 11.35pm in the North Atlantic , and sinks the following morning with the loss of 1,517 lives.
1915 – The Turks invade Armenia .
1927 – The first Volvo car premieres in Gothenburg , Sweden .
1931 – Spanish Cortes deposes King Alfonso XIII and proclaims the 2nd Spanish Republic.
1935 – "Black Sunday Storm", the worst dust storm of the U.S. Dust Bowl.
1940 – World War II: Royal Marines land in Namsos , Norway in preparation for a larger force to arrive two days later.
1941 – World War II: The Ustashe, a Croatian far-right organization is put in charge of the Independent State of Croatia by the Axis Powers after the Axis Operation 25 invasion. In addition, Rommel attacks Tobruk.
1944 – Bombay Explosion: A massive explosion in Bombay harbor kills 300 causes economic damage valued then at 20 million pounds.
1945 – Osijek , Croatia , is liberated from fascist occupation.
1956 – In Chicago, Illinois , videotape is first demonstrated.
1958 – The Soviet satellite Sputnik 2 falls from orbit after a mission duration of 162 days.
1969 – At the U.S. Academy Awards there is a tie for the Academy Award for Best Actress between Katharine Hepburn and Barbra Streisand.
1970 An oxygen tank on the spacecraft Apollo 13 explodes endangering the lives of the three crewmen onboard.
1978 – 1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations: Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against Soviet attempts to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language.
1981 – STS-1 – The first operational space shuttle, Columbia (OV-102) completes its first test flight.
1986 – In retaliation for the April 5 bombing in West Berlin that killed two U.S. servicemen, U.S. president Ronald Reagan orders major bombing raids against Libya , killing 60 people.
1986 – hailstones fall on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh , killing 92. These are the heaviest hailstones ever recorded.
1988 – The strikes a mine in the Persian Gulf during Operation Earnest Will.
1988 – In a United Nations ceremony in Geneva , Switzerland , the Soviet Union signs an agreement pledging to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan .
1994 – In a U.S. friendly fire incident during Operation Provide Comfort in northern Iraq , two United States Air Force aircraft mistakenly shoot-down two United States Army helicopters, killing 26 people.
1999 – NATO mistakenly bombs a convoy of ethnic Albanian refugees – Yugoslav officials say 75 people are killed.
1999 – A severe hailstorm strikes Sydney , Australia causing A$2.3 billion in insured damages, the most costly natural disaster in Australian history.
2000 – Metallica drummer Lars Ulrich files a lawsuit against P2P sharing phenomenon Napster. This law-suit eventually leads the movement against file-sharing programs.
2002 – Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez returns to office two days after being ousted and arrested by the country's military.
2003 – The Human Genome Project is completed with 99% of the human genome sequenced to an accuracy of 99.99%.
2003 – U.S. troops in Baghdad capture Abu Abbas, leader of the Palestinian group that killed an American on the hijacked cruise liner the in 1985.
2005 – The Oregon Supreme Court nullifies marriage licenses issued to gay couples a year earlier by Multnomah County .
2007 – At least 200,000 demonstrators in Ankara , Turkey protest against the possible candidacy of incumbent Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

Births

1336 – Emperor Go-Kōgon of Japan (d. 1374)
1572 – Adam Tanner, Austrian mathematician (d. 1632)
1578 – King Philip III of Spain (d. 1621)
1629 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician (d. 1695)
1668 – Magnus Julius De la Gardie, Swedish General (d. 1741)
1714 – Adam Gib, Scottish religious leader (d. 1788)
1738 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1809)
1741 – Emperor Momozono of Japan (d. 1762)
1773 – Jean-Baptiste de Villèle, French statesman (d. 1854)
1788 – David G. Burnet, interim president of the Republic of Texas (d. 1870)
1800 – John George Appold, fur dyer and engineer (d. 1865)
1818 – Marie of Saxe-Altenburg, queen of Hanover (d. 1909)
1827 – Augustus Pitt Rivers, English archaeologist (d. 1900)
1857 – Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, Youngest daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, Prince Consort (d. 1944)
1866 – Anne Sullivan, Helen Keller's teacher (d. 1936)
1868 – Peter Behrens, German architect (d. 1940)
1870 – Victor Borisov-Musatov, Russian painter (d. 1905)
1870 – Syd Gregory, Australian cricketer (d. 1929)
1872 – Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Indian-born Islamic scholar and translator (d. 1953)
1882 – Moritz Schlick, Austrian philosopher, (d. 1936)
1886 – Ernst Robert Curtius, Alsatian philologist (d. 1956)
1891 – B. R. Ambedkar, Indian jurist (d. 1956)
1892 – Vere Gordon Childe, Australian philologist (d. 1957)
1897 – Claire Windsor, American actress (d. 1972)
1902 – Sylvio Mantha, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1974)
1904 – Sir John Gielgud, English actor (d. 2000)
1905 – Elizabeth Huckaby, American educator (d. 1999)
1907 – François Duvalier, Haitian politician (d. 1971)
1908 – Phil Vincent, Motorcycle designer and manufacturer (d. 1979)
1917 – Marvin Miller, American labor activist
1917 – Valerie Hobson, British actress (d. 1998)
1918 – Mary Healy, American actress
1921 – Thomas Schelling, American economist, Nobel laureate
1923 – Roberto DeVicenzo, Argentine golfer
1924 – Shorty Rogers, American jazz musician (d. 1994)
1925 – Gene Ammons, American jazz saxophonist (d. 1974)
1925 – Abel Muzorewa, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe
1925 – Rod Steiger, American actor (d. 2002)
1926 – Frank Daniel, Czech-born writer, director and teacher (d. 1996)
1926 – Liz Renay, American actress (d. 2007)
1927 – Alan MacDiarmid, New Zealand chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2007)
1927 – Dany Robin, French actress (d. 1995)
1929 – Gerry Anderson, English television producer
1930 – Bradford Dillman, American actor
1931 – Paul Masnick, Canadian ice hockey player
1932 – Bob Grant, English actor (d. 2003)
1934 – Fredric Jameson, American philosopher, cultural theorist
1935 – Loretta Lynn, American singer/songwriter
1935 – Erich von Däniken, Swiss writer
1936 – Kenneth Mars, American actor
1936 – Frank Serpico, American policeman
1936 – Bobby Nichols, American professional golfer
1941 – Julie Christie, British actress
1941 – Pete Rose, American baseball player
1942 – Valentin Lebedev, Russian cosmonaut
1942 – Björn Rosengren, Swedish politician
1945 – Ritchie Blackmore, English guitarist (Deep Purple)
1945 – Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi, 8th Prime Minister of Samoa
1948 – Anastasios Papaligouras, Greek lawyer and politician
1949 – DeAnne Julius, American/English economist
1949 – John Shea, American actor
1950 – Francis Collins, American scientist
1951 – Julian Lloyd Webber, English cellist
1952 – Mickey O'Sullivan, Irish sportsman
1953 – David Buss, Evolutionary psychologist
1954 – Bruce Sterling, American science fiction author
1957 – Lothaire Bluteau, Canadian actor
1957 – Richard Jeni, American comedian (d. 2007)
1957 – Mikhail Pletnev, Russian pianist, conductor and composer
1958 – John D'Aquino, American actor
1960 – Brad Garrett, American actor
1961 – Robert Carlyle, British actor
1964 – Greg Battle, Canadian Football League player
1965 – Tom Dey, American film director
1966 – David Justice, American baseball player
1966 – André Boisclair, Quebec politician (Parti Québécois)
1967 – Barrett Martin, American drummer and composer
1967 – Nicola Berti, Italian International footballer
1967 – Alain Côté, French Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Anthony Michael Hall, American actor
1969 – Brad Ausmus, American baseball player
1969 – Vebjørn Selbekk, Norwegian journalist
1969 – Martyn LeNoble, Dutch musician
1969 – Mark Macon, American basketball player
1970 – Shizuka Kudō, Japanese singer
1970 – Emre Altuğ, Turkish singer
1971 – Miguel Calero, Colombian footballer
1971 – Peter Gibson, American writer
1971 – Gregg Zaun, American baseball player
1972 – Paul Devlin, England-born Scottish footballer
1972 – Roberto Mejia, Dominican baseball player
1973 – Roberto Ayala, Argentine footballer
1973 – Adrien Brody, American actor
1973 – David Miller, American tenor (Il Divo)
1974 – Shawntae Harris, American rapper
1975 – Amy Dumas, American professional wrestler
1975 – Avner Dorman, Israeli composer
1975 – Konstantinos Nebegleras, Greek footballer
1975 – Anderson Silva, Brazilian mixed martial artist
1975 – Veronika Zemanová, Czech model
1976 – Anna DeForge, American basketball player
1976 – Jason Wiemer, Canadian ice hockey player
1976 – Kyle Farnsworth, American baseball player
1976 – Christian Älvestam, Swedish musician (Scar Symmetry)
1977 – Sarah Michelle Gellar, American actress
1978 – Paul O'Brien, Australian actor
1979 – Rebecca DiPietro, American model
1979 – Randal McCloy, Survivor of the Sago Mine Disaster
1979 – Noé Pamarot, French footballer
1980 – Win Butler, American/Canadian musician (Arcade Fire)
1983 – James McFadden, Scottish footballer
1983 – William Yaw Obeng, Arena Football League lineman
1983 – Nikoloz Tskitishvili, American basketball player
1984 – Adán Sánchez, Mexican-American singer (d. 2004)
1984 – Tyler Thigpen, American football player
1986 – Matt Derbyshire, English footballer
1986 – Anne Watanabe, Japanese model
1986 – Todd Gilles, American ice dancer
1987 – Erwin Hoffer, Austrian footballer
1988 – Vasileios Pliatsikas, Greek footballer
1993 – Vivien Cardone, an American actress
1993 – Graham Phillips , American actor
1996 – Abigail Breslin, American actress

Deaths

1132 – Mstislav of Kiev (b. 1076).
1279 – Boleslaus of Greater Poland.
1322 – Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere, English soldier (b. 1275).
1345 – Richard Aungerville, English bishop and writer (b. 1287).
1471 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, English kingmaker (b. 1428).
1574 – Louis of Nassau, Dutch general (killed in battle) (b. 1538).
1578 – James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, consort of Mary I of Scotland.
1599 – Henry Wallop, English statesman.
1662 – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English statesman (b. 1582).
1682 – Avvakum, Russian priest and writer (b. 1621).
1716 – Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Torrington, British admiral.
1721 – Michel Chamillart, French statesman (b. 1652).
1759 – George Frideric Handel, German composer (b. 1685).
1785 – William Whitehead, English writer (b. 1715).
1792 – Maximilian Hell, Hungarian astronomer (b. 1720).
1864 – Charles Lot Church, Nova Scotia politician (b. 1777).
1910 – Mikhail Vrubel, Russian painter (b. 1856).
1911 – Addie Joss, American baseball player (b. 1880).
1911 – Henri Elzéar Taschereau, French Canadian jurist and Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1836).
1912 – Henri Brisson, French statesman (b. 1835).
1914 – Hubert Bland, English co-founder of the Fabian Society (b. 1855).
1917 – Ludovich Lazarus Zamenhof, Polish creator of Esperanto (b. 1859).
1925 – John Singer Sargent, English artist (b. 1856).
1930 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian writer (b. 1893).
1935 – Amalie Emmy Noether, German mathematician (b. 1882).
1941 – Guillermo Kahlo, father of Frida Kahlo (b. 1871).
1950 – Sri Ramana Maharshi, Indian philosopher (b. 1879).
1963 – Rahul Sankrityayan, Indian historian, (b. 1893).
1964 – Tatyana Alexeyevna Afanasyeva, Russian/Dutch mathematician (b. 1876).
1964 – Rachel Carson, American environmentalist (b. 1907).
1965 – Dick Hickock (b. 1933) and Perry Smith (b. 1928) American murderers.
1968 – Al Benton, American baseball player (b. 1911).
1975 – Fredric March, American actor (b. 1897).
1976 – José Revueltas, Mexican writer (b. 1914).
1983 – Pete Farndon, English bassist (The Pretenders) (b. 1952).
1984 – Dionisis Papagiannopoulos, Greek actor (b. 1912).
1985 – Noele Gordon, English actress (b. 1919).
1986 – Simone de Beauvoir, French feminist writer (b. 1908).
1988 – John Stonehouse, British politician (b. 1925).
1990 – Thurston Harris, American singer (b. 1931).
1992 – Bertram Vere Dean, Brother of Milvina Dean (Last Titanic Survivor) (b. 1910).
1994 – Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani scientist and scholar (b. 1897).
1995 – Burl Ives, American singer and actor (b. 1909).
1999 – Ellen Corby, American actress (b. 1911).
1999 – Anthony Newley, British actor and singer (b. 1931).
2000 – Frenchy Bordagaray, American baseball player (b. 1910).
2000 – Phil Katz, American computer programmer (b. 1962).
2000 – Wilf Mannion, English footballer (b. 1918).
2001 – Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director (b. 1927).
2001 – Jim Baxter, Scottish footballer (b. 1939).
2004 – Micheline Charest, French Canadian television producer (b. 1953).
2006 – Mahmut Bakalli, Kosovo politician (b. 1936).
2007 – June Callwood, Canadian journalist, author and social activist (b. 1924).
2007 – Don Ho, American musician (b. 1930).
2008 – Tommy Holmes, American baseball player (b. 1918).
2008 – Ollie Johnston, the last living member of Disney's Nine Old Men. (b. 1912).
2008 – Miguel Galvan, Mexican actor/comedian. (b. 1957).

Holidays and observances

Saint Justin Martyr's Original Feast Day

In 1882 Pope Leo XIII had a Mass and an Office composed for his feast day, which he set at 14 April, the day after the day indicated as that of his death in the Martyrology of Florus; but since this date quite often falls within the main Paschal celebrations, the feast was moved in 1968 to 1 June, the date on which he is celebrated in the Byzantine Rite since at least the ninth century.