The
Christian and Missionary Alliance (C&MA)
is an
Evangelical Protestant denomination within
Christianity.
Founded by Rev.
Albert Benjamin
Simpson in 1887, the Christian & Missionary Alliance did
not start off as a denomination, but rather began as two distinct
parachurch organizations: The Christian Alliance which focused on
the pursuit and promotion of the Higher Christian life and The
Evangelical Missionary Alliance, which focused on mobilizing
"consecrated" Christians in the work of foreign missionary efforts.
These two groups amalgamated in 1897 to form The Christian and
Missionary Alliance. It was only much later during the mid
twentieth century that an official denomination was formed.
As of 2006, there are 2,010 C&MA churches and approximately
417,000 members in the United States. Approximately 600 of those
churches are described as intercultural. In Canada, there are 440
churches, 59 of which are multicultural, and approximately 120,000
members. In the C&MA 2004 annual report estimated that outside
of the U.S. and Canada, C&MA membership exceeds 3
million.
Previously, the C&MA center was in
Nyack, New
York
, which continues to be the home of Nyack College (formerly the Missionary
Training Institute) and Alliance Theological Seminary.
C&MA
headquarters are currently located in Colorado
Springs, Colorado
. Dr.
Gary
Benedict is the current elected president of the C&MA in
the United States of America, Dr.
Franklin Pyles the current elected president
for the C&MA in Canada (Autonomous), Rev.
Rod Russell-Brown is the president of the
C&MA of Australia, and
Rev.
Sami Dagher is the president of the
C&MA in Lebanon.
Distinguishing features
The C&MA has much in common with other evangelical Protestant
denominations. Three things distinguish it: (1) a greater emphasis
on missions and
missionaries (especially
foreign missionaries), (2) a greater emphasis on
Jesus' role as a physical healer, and (3) an emphasis
on the doctrine of
sanctification,
influenced by, but distinct from, that of the
Holiness movement. In this approach,
sanctification is sometimes described as "the deeper Christian
life". This teaching is similar to that of the
Higher Life movement and the
Keswick Convention. It is perhaps best
exemplified by the writings of
A.
W. Tozer.
History
The Christian and Missionary Alliance was not founded as a
denomination. Rev.
A. B. Simpson was a
Presbyterian clergyman motivated by the
spiritual needs of the metropolitan multitudes in North America, as
well as by those of the unevangelized peoples in other lands. He
was compelled by a sense of urgency to take this message to all
nations because of Jesus' statement in
Matthew 24:14: "And
this gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a
witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come" (KJV
translation).
During the start of the twentieth century, Simpson became closely
involved with the growing
Pentecostal movement, an offshoot of
the
Holiness movement. It became
common for Pentecostal pastors and missionaries to receive their
training at the Missionary Training Institute that Simpson founded.
Consequently, Simpson and the C&MA had a great influence on
Pentecostalism, in particular the
Assemblies of God and the
International
Church of the Foursquare Gospel. This influence included
evangelical emphasis, C&MA doctrine, Simpson's hymns and books,
and the use of the term 'Gospel Tabernacle,' which led to many
Pentecostal churches being known as 'Full Gospel
Tabernacles.'
Eventually, there developed severe division within the C&MA
over issues surrounding Pentecostalism (such as speaking in tongues
and charismatic worship styles). By 1912, this crisis was a
catalyst for the emergence of the C&MA as an organized
denomination, shifting more authority to the council and becoming
more
ecclesiastical. To ensure the
survival of the C&MA in the face of division, Simpson put all
property in the name of the C&MA. In the event of separation,
all property would revert to C&MA.
After Simpson's death in 1919, the C&MA distanced itself from
Pentecostalism, rejecting the premise that speaking in tongues is a
necessary indicator of being filled with the Holy Spirit, and
instead focused on the deeper Christian life. By 1930, most local
branches of the C&MA functioned as churches, but still did not
view themselves as such.
By 1965, the churches adopted a denominational function and
established a formal statement of faith. This new mission society
soon became a major evangelical movement. Today it is a growing
missionary denomination committed to evangelism around the world
through church planting.
Logo
Simpson's teaching stresses four roles of Christ which are
represented as
emblems in the church's logo.
It can be summed up as "Christ Our Savior, Christ Our Sanctifier,
Christ Our Healer, and Christ Our Coming King." (1) The Cross
stands for salvation through the death and resurrection of Jesus
Christ, God's Son. (2) The Laver represents sanctification, a daily
cleansing from sin and power for service through the indwelling
Christ. (3) The Pitcher speaks of oil, a symbol of the Holy Spirit
and the divine life and physical healing that comes from Jesus. (4)
The Crown symbolizes the imminent return to earth of the Lord Jesus
Christ as King of Kings and Lord of Lords. As mentioned above, this
formulation has an affinity with the teachings of
John Wesley and the
Holiness movement.
In addition to the four traditional emblems, the American C&MA
logo has been updated in recent years to include a globe in the
backdrop. The globe reflects the denomination's longstanding and
continuing commitment to bring the Gospel message to all parts of
the world.
Services
Associated with the denomination is CAMA Services. “CAMA” stands
for “Compassion and Mercy Associates” in addition to being the
initials of the Christian And Missionary Alliance.
Services include a variety of relief and development efforts
providing food, clothing, medical care, and job training to people
in crisis situations around the globe. CAMA also maintains a strong
evangelistic thrust.
Begun in
1974 as an outreach to refugees fleeing the Indochina conflict, CAMA now works in refugee
camps in Thailand
, and has
worked with refugees in Hong
Kong
, Lebanon
, Jordan
, and
Guinea
, and famine victims in Burkina Faso
and Mali
.
CAMA
Services worked together with local C&MA churches in 2005 to
provide Hurricane Katrina relief
in the USA
Prominent members
- Lisa Beamer, author
- Todd Beamer,
United
Airlines Flight 93
passenger
- Peter Budaj, ice hockey goaltender for the Colorado Avalanche
- Stephen Harper,
22nd Prime Minister of Canada

- William Holmes Howland,
25th Mayor of Toronto from 1886 to 1887 president of the Toronto
Board of Trade in 1874-1875
- Robert A. Jaffray, missionary statesman to China

- Howard O Jones, Billy Graham's
first African-American evangelist, author
- R.G. LeTourneau, prolific inventor and
philanthropist
- Preston Manning, founder and
former leader of the Reform Party
of Canada
- Archie E. Mitchell, minister, missionary to
Vietnam

- Paris Reidhead, author,
missionary to Africa, and Deputation
Secretary of the Sudan Interior
Mission
- Charles Randal Smith,
formerly prominent Canadian forensic child pathologist
- Ryan Smyth, ice
hockey player for the Los Angeles
Kings
- James L. Snyder, minister, writer, humorist,
biographer of A. W. Tozer
- Chuck Strahl, prominent Canadian
politician
- Mike Tomlin, Head Coach of the
Pittsburgh Steelers
- A. W. Tozer, author and pastor
- Rev. Dr. Agustin B. Vencer, Filipino Pastor, Lawyer,
Author, former International Director of World Evangelical Alliance,
current Regional Director and Vice President at DAWN
Ministries
- Phil Vischer, creator of VeggieTales and founder of Big Idea
Productions
- Cam Ward, ice
hockey goaltender for the Carolina Hurricanes & 2006 Conn Smythe Trophy winner
- Ravi Zacharias, author and
apologist
- Reuben
& Grace Larson, missionaries to Ecuador in the 1930s,
co-founders of HCJB
,
international Christian healthcare and media ministry
Prominent former members
AYMission youth program
AYMission is the youth section of the Short-Term
Mission Office (STMO) of the Christian and Missionary Alliance
whose purpose is to facilitate short-term mission trips to mission
fields served by the C&MA.
AYMission was started in 2003 by Matt Peace as a way of
facilitating youth short-term mission trips. Today AYMission sends
out over 1000 people every year to 40 different countries. However,
their main focus of work is in 6 locations:
Taipei
, Taiwan
- In 2005
work was started in Taipei
in the Ximen
area and continues to grow. The next endeavor is to building
a restaurant that will be used as an outreach center.
Phnom Penh
, Cambodia
- Each Summer trips are formed from the US
travel to
Cambodia
to teach English to
students. In 2006 the camps expanded to Siem Reap
.
Ensenada
, Mexico
- Short-Term
teams are in the process of helping plant four churches in
Ensenada. The work there is focused on helping the migrant
farming community.
San Salvador
, El
Salvador
- With the
help of Pastor Mario Gonzalez, the work of AYMission in El Salvador
has helped hundreds of people. Several people in
their twenties live in El Salvador
for up to one year with this program.
Gabon
, Africa- This effort will begin in 2008 with a work to
help AIDS patients in this tiny Central African
country.
United States
- Inner-city ministries in both New York City
and Chicago
help at risk children.
AYMission continues to work in conjunction with The Christian and
Missionary Alliance to reach its goals.
Seminaries and colleges
As of 1998, there are two C&MA graduate schools, four C&MA
colleges, and one C&MA seminary accredited by the American
Association of Theological Schools.
Australia
Canada
Democratic Republic of Congo
United States
Philippines
- Alliance Graduate
School
- Ebenezer Bible
College and Seminary
- Philippine Alliance College of Theology
- Davao Alliance Bible College
- Visayas Alliance School of Theology
- Mount Apo Alliance Bible College
- Shekinah Alliance Bible College
- Mickelson Alliance Bible Instirute
- Lomason Alliance Bible Institute
Hong Kong
Chile
Lebanon
Holy Land (Palestine and Israel)
- The
Alliance Leadership Institute (ALTI) in Jerusalem

Colombia
Campgrounds
United States
- Poplar Point Alliance Camp, Rockford, AL
- Pinecrest Camp, Ozone, AR
- Romania-Building the Next Generation, Windsor, CA
- Alliance Redwoods Conference Grounds, Occidental, CA
- Hispanic Youth Camp, Fullerton, CA
- South Pacific District Youth Camp, Riverside, CA
- Lake Swan Camp, Melrose, FL
- Camp Hawaii, Kala'au, HI
- Okoboki Lakes Bible & Missionary Converence, Amolds Park,
IA
- Windfall Outdoor Center, Jackman, ME
- Big Sandy Camp, McGregor, MN
- Yellowstone Alliance Adventures, Bozeman, MT
- Camp Rivercrest, Fremont, NE
- Camp Berea, Hebron, NH
- Metro Youth Retreats, Newark, NJ
- Delta Lake Bible Conference Center, Rome, NY
- Beulah Beach
, Vermillion, OH
- Southern Oregon Alliance Youth Camp, Roseburg, OR
- Canby Grove, Canby, OR
- Mahaffey Camp, Mahaffey, PA
- Summit Grove Camp, New Freedom, PA
- Suncrest Camp, Cranberry Township, PA
- Edinboro Conference Grounds, Edinboro, PA
- Powertime Camp, Summerton, SC
- Rio Chico Christian Camp, El Paso, TX
- Utah Alliance Youth Camp, Riverton, UT
- Wooten Junior Camp, Ellensburg, WA
- Wyoming Alliance Fellowship, Sheridan, WY
Canada
- Belle View Bible Camp, St. Paul, Alberta
- Camp Chamisall, Calgary, Alberta
- Camp Nakamun, Busby, Alberta
- Eagle Bay Camp, Vernon, British Columbia
- Kawkawa Camp, Hope, British Columbia
South America
- Parque Alianza, Argentina
- Brasilia Alliance Camp, Brasilia, Brazil
- Linares, Chile
- Lanalhue, Chile
- Lago Ranco, Chile
- Camp Ebenezer, Colombia
- Alliance Youth Camp, Paraguay
- Camp Camen & Iquitos, Lima, Peru
- Camp Bethel & Rivera, Rivera, Uruguay
Asia and Russia
- Suen Douth Camp, Hong Kong
- Camp Good News, Indonesia
- Indonesian Family Camp, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Mountain Spring Camp, Russia
Australia
See also
Notes
- Benedict, Gary M., "Report to General Council 2007",
https://my.cmalliance.org/resources/books/minutes/report/reports2007.pdf,
p. 52.
- ibid., p. 7.
- The C&MA 2004 report to General Council &
Minutes of General Council 2005, p. 19
- Burgess, Stanley, et al. 1993. Dictionary
of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements. Grand Rapids:
Zondervan. p. 166
- ibid. p. 166
- General councils: 1965, 1966, 1974, 1994. Taken verbatim
from "What is the Christian and Missionary Alliance?" - a brochure
put out by the C&MA office, and distributed through
congregations. (2005)
- "Mike Tomlin, Steelers head coach, talks about his
faith",
http://www.baptistpress.com/BPnews.asp?ID=29752
References
External links