Events

• 1287 – St. Lucia's flood: The Zuider Zee sea wall in the Netherlands collapses, killing over 50,000 people.
• 1542 – Princess Mary Stuart becomes Queen Mary I of Scotland.
• 1702 (according to the old calendar; January 30, 1703 by the new calendar) – The Forty-seven Ronin, under the command of Ōishi Kuranosuke, avenge the death of their master.
• 1751 – The Theresian Military Academy is founded as the first Military Academy in the world.
• 1782 – The Montgolfier brothers first balloon lifts on its first test flight.
• 1819 – Alabama becomes the 22nd U.S. state.
• 1825 – Advocates of Liberalism in Russia rise up against Tsar Nicholas I and are put down in the Decembrist Revolt in St. Petersburg.
• 1836 – The Toledo War unofficially ends.
• 1896 – The Glasgow Underground Railway is opened by the Glasgow District Subway Company.
• 1900 – Quantum Mechanics: Max Planck presents a theoretical derivation of his black-body radiation law.
• 1902 – The Commercial Pacific Cable Company lays the first Pacific telegraph cable, from Ocean Beach, San Francisco to Honolulu, Hawaii.
• 1903 – The Wright Brothers make their first attempt to fly with the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
• 1907 – The schooner Thomas W. Lawson runs aground and founders near the Hellweather's Reef within the Scilly Isles in a gale. The pilot and 15 seamen die.
• 1911 – Roald Amundsen's team, comprising himself, Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting, becomes the first to reach the South Pole.
• 1914 – Lisandro de la Torre and others found the Democratic Progressist Party (Partido Demócrata Progresista, PDP) at the Hotel Savoy, Buenos Aires.
• 1918 – Friedrich Karl von Hessen, a German prince elected by the Parliament of Finland to become King Väinö I, renounces the Finnish throne.
• 1939 – Winter War: The Soviet Union is expelled from the League of Nations for invading Finland.
• 1941 – World War II: Japan signs treaty of alliance with Thailand.
• 1946 – The UN General Assembly votes to establish its headquarters in New York City.
• 1947 – The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is founded in Daytona Beach, Florida.
• 1955 – Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Laos, Portugal, Romania and Spain join the United Nations.
• 1958 – The 3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition becomes the first expedition to reach The Pole of Relative Inaccessibility in the Antarctic.
• 1961 – The United Republic of Tanzania joins the United Nations.
• 1962 – NASA's Mariner 2 becomes the first spacecraft to fly by Venus.
• 1964 – American Civil Rights Movement: Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States – The United States Supreme Court rules that the U.S. Congress can use its Commerce Clause power to fight discrimination.
• 1972 – Apollo program: Eugene Cernan is the last person to walk on the moon, after he and Harrison Schmitt complete the third and final Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) of Apollo 17. This was the last manned mission to the moon of the 20th century.
• 1981 – Arab-Israeli conflict: Israel's Knesset passes The Golan Heights Law, extending Israeli law to the area of the Golan Heights.
• 1983 – The 3rd Congress of the Communist Youth of Greece starts.
• 1994 – Three Gorges Dam: Construction begins on the Three Gorges Dam in the Yangtze River.
• 1995 – Yugoslav Wars: The Dayton Agreement is signed in Paris by leaders of various governments.
• 1999 – Kiribati, Nauru and Tonga join the United Nations.
• 2003 – President of Pakistan Pervez Musharaf narrowly escapes an assassination attempt.
• 2003 – President George W. Bush announces the capture of Saddam Hussein.
• 2004 – The Millau viaduct, the highest bridge in the world, near Millau, France is officially opened.
• 2004 – Cuba and Venezuela founded the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas.
• 2008 – President George W. Bush made his fourth and final (planned) trip to Iraq as president and almost got struck by two shoes thrown at him by Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi during a farewell conference in Baghdad.

Births

• 1009 – Emperor Go-Suzaku of Japan (d. 1045)
• 1503 – Nostradamus, French astrologer (d. 1566)
• 1546 – Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer and alchemist (d. 1601)
• 1625 – Barthélemy d'Herbelot de Molainville, French orientalist (d. 1695)
• 1631 – Anne Conway, Viscountess Conway, English philosopher (d. 1679)
• 1640 – (baptism date) – Aphra Behn, English playwright and novelist (d. 1689)
• 1678 – Daniel Neal, English historian (d. 1743)
• 1720 – Justus Möser, German statesman (d. 1794)
• 1775 – Philander Chase, American founder of Kenyon College (d. 1852)
• 1775 – Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, British admiral (d. 1860)
• 1784 – Princess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily, Princess of Asturias (d. 1806)
• 1787 – Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este, Empress of Austria and queen of Hungary and Bohemia (d. 1816)
• 1791 – Charles Wolfe, Irish poet (d. 1823)
• 1794 – Erastus Corning, American businessman and politician (d. 1872)
• 1824 – Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, French painter (d. 1898)
• 1853 – Errico Malatesta, Italian anarcho-communist (d. 1932)
• 1866 – Roger Fry, English artist and art critic (d. 1934)
• 1870 – Karl Renner, President of Austria (d. 1950)
• 1881 – Katherine MacDonald, American actress and film producer (d. 1956)
• 1883 – Manolis Kalomiris, Greek classical composer (d. 1962)
• 1884 – Jane Cowl, American actress and playwright (d. 1950)
• 1895 – Paul Eluard, French poet (d. 1952)
• 1895 – King George VI of the United Kingdom (d. 1952)
• 1896 – Jimmy Doolittle, American General (d. 1993)
• 1897 – Margaret Chase Smith, American politician (d. 1995)
• 1897 – Kurt Schuschnigg, Austrian politician (d. 1977)
• 1901 – Paul, king of Greece (d. 1964)
• 1902 – Frances Bavier, American actress (d. 1989)
• 1908 – Morey Amsterdam, American comedian and actor (d. 1996)
• 1908 – Claude Davey, Welsh rugby union footballer (d. 2001)
• 1908 – Mária Szepes, Hungarian authoress (d. 2007)
• 1909 – Edward Tatum, American geneticist, Nobel laureate (d. 1975)
• 1911 – Spike Jones, American comedian and musician (d. 1965)
• 1911 – Hans von Ohain, German/American aerospace engineer (d. 1998)
• 1913 – Dan Dailey, American actor (d. 1978)
• 1914 – Karl Carstens, President of Germany (d. 1992)
• 1914 – Attila Petschauer, Hungarian fencer (d. 1943)
• 1914 – Rosalyn Tureck, American pianist and harpsichordist (d. 2003)
• 1916 – Shirley Jackson, American writer (d. 1965)
• 1917 – C.-H. Hermansson, Swedish communist leader
• 1917 – June Taylor, American choreographer (d. 2004)
• 1917 – Elyse Knox, American actress
• 1918 – James T. Aubrey, American television executive (d. 1994)
• 1918 – B.K.S. Iyengar, Indian yoga advocate
• 1920 – Clark Terry, American trumpeter
• 1922 – Nikolay Basov, Soviet physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2001)
• 1922 – Don Hewitt, American creator of 60 Minutes
• 1923 – Gerard Reve, Dutch writer (d. 2006)
• 1924 – Raj Kapoor, Indian actor (d. 1988)
• 1925 – Sam Jones, American baseball player (d. 1971)
• 1927 – Richard Cassilly, American tenor (d. 1998)
• 1931 – Jon Elia, Pakistani scholar, poet and philosopher (d. 2002)
• 1932 – Abbe Lane, American singer and actress
• 1932 – Charlie Rich, American musician (d. 1995)
• 1935 – Lewis Arquette, American film actor, writer and producer (d. 2001)
• 1935 – Lee Remick, American actress (d. 1991)
• 1938 – Leonardo Boff, Brazilian theologian
• 1939 – Ernie Davis, American football player (d. 1963)
• 1940 – Lex Gold, Scottish football administrator
• 1941 – Karan Armstrong, American soprano
• 1941 – Ellen Willis, American journalist (d. 2006)
• 1942 – Zoe Laskari, Greek actress
• 1943 – R. Emmett Tyrrell, American magazine publisher
• 1946 – Jane Birkin, English-born French actress and singer
• 1946 – Patty Duke, American actress
• 1946 – Ruth Fuchs, East German athlete
• 1946 – Michael Ovitz, American film producer
• 1946 – Stan Smith, American tennis player
• 1946 – Joyce Vincent Wilson, American singer (Tony Orlando and Dawn)
• 1947 – Christopher Parkening, American guitarist
• 1947 – Linda Sutton, English artist
• 1948 – Lester Bangs, American music journalist (d. 1982)
• 1948 – Kim Beazley, Australian politician
• 1948 – Dee Wallace-Stone, American actress
• 1949 – Bill Buckner, American baseball player
• 1949 – Cliff Williams, English bassist (AC/DC)
• 1951 – Jan Timman, Dutch chess grandmaster
• 1952 – Germain Houde, French Canadian actor
• 1953 – Vijay Amritraj, Indian tennis player
• 1953 – René Eespere, Soviet-born Estonian composer
• 1953 – Vangelis Meimarakis, Greek lawyer and politician
• 1953 – Mikael Odenberg, Swedish politician
• 1954 – James Horan, American actor
• 1954 – Alan Kulwicki, American NASCAR driver (d. 1993)
• 1954 – Steven MacLean, Canadian astronaut
• 1956 – Hanni Wenzel, Liechtenstein skier
• 1958 – Mike Scott, Scottish singer-songwriter (The Waterboys)
• 1958 – Spider Stacy, English musician (The Pogues)
• 1959 – Bob Paris, American bodybuilder and gay rights advocate
• 1959 – Jorge Vaca, Mexican boxer
• 1960 – Don Franklin, American actor
• 1960 – Chris Waddle, English footballer
• 1962 – Ginger Lynn (Ginger Lynn Allen), American adult film actress
• 1963 – Greg Abbott, English former football player
• 1963 – Cynthia Gibb, American actress
• 1965 – Craig Biggio, American baseball player
• 1965 – Ken Hill, American baseball player
• 1965 – Ted Raimi, an American actor
• 1966 – Fabrizio Giovanardi, Italian racecar driver
• 1966 – Anthony Mason, American basketball player
• 1966 – Bill Ranford, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 – Tim Skold, Swedish/American musician
• 1967 – Ewa Białołęcka, Polish writer
• 1969 – Scott Hatteberg, American baseball player
• 1970 – Nadine Garner, Australian actress
• 1970 – Anna Maria Jopek, Polish singer
• 1970 – Beth Orton, English singer-songwriter
• 1971 – Brian Gay, professional golfer; two-time winner on the PGA Tour
• 1971 – Natascha McElhone, English actress
• 1971 – Tia Texada, American actress and singer
• 1971 – Michaela Watkins, American comic actress (Saturday Night Live)
• 1972 – Eric Anderson, American musical theatre actor
• 1972 – Marcus Jensen, American baseball player
• 1973 – Tomasz Radzinski, Polish-born Canadian soccer player
• 1973 – Thuy Trang, American actress (d. 2001)
• 1974 – Billy Koch, American baseball player
• 1975 – Justin Furstenfeld, American rock singer
• 1976 – Tammy Blanchard, American actress
• 1976 – Leland Chapman, American bounty hunter
• 1976 – André Couto, Portuguese racing driver
• 1976 – Santiago Ezquerro, Spanish footballer
• 1977 – KaDee Strickland, American actress
• 1978 – Dean Brogan, Australian rules footballer
• 1978 – Kim St-Pierre, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1978 – Radu Sârbu, Moldovan singer (O-Zone)
• 1978 – Patty Schnyder, Swiss tennis player
• 1979 – Sophie Monk, Australian actress, singer, and model
• 1979 – Michael Owen, English footballer
• 1980 – Tata Young, Thai-American singer
• 1980 – Didier Zokora, Ivorian footballer
• 1981 – Amber Chia, Malaysian model and actress
• 1981 – Emilie Heymans, Canadian diver
• 1981 – Johnny Jeter, American professional wrestler
• 1981 – Liam Lawrence, Irish footballer
• 1981 – Shaun Marcum, American baseball player
• 1982 – Josh Fields, American baseball player
• 1982 – Steve Sidwell, English footballer
• 1982 – Anthony Way, English singer and actor
• 1984 – Chris Brunt, Northern Irish footballer
• 1984 – Edward Rainsford, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1985 – Jakub Błaszczykowski, Polish footballer
• 1985 – Julio Pimentel, Dominican baseball player
• 1985 – Paul Rabil, professional lacrosse player
• 1985 – Tom Smith, Welsh rugby union footballer
• 1985 – Nonami Takizawa, Japanese actress
• 1985 – Ren Yagami, Japanese actor and singer
• 1988 – Nicolas Batum, French basketball player
• 1988 – Vanessa Anne Hudgens, American singer and actress
• 1988 – Hayato Sakamoto, Japanese baseball player
• 1989 – Pedro Silva, Brazilian footballer
• 1992 – Tori Kelly, American singer
• 1995 – Princess Olimpia Preslavska of Bulgaria

Deaths

• 1460 – Guarino da Verona (b. 1370)
• 1476 – Vlad III the Impaler (b. 1431)
• 1510 – Friedrich of Saxony (b. 1473)
• 1542 – King James V of Scotland (b. 1512)
• 1553 – Hanibal Lucić, Croatian writer (b. 1485)
• 1591 – Saint John of the Cross, Spanish friar and poet (b. 1542)
• 1624 – Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, English statesman (b. 1536)
• 1651 – Pierre Dupuy, French scholar (b. 1582)
• 1713 – Thomas Rymer, English historian (b. 1641)
• 1715 – Thomas Tenison, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1636)
• 1735 – Thomas Tanner, English bishop and antiquarian (b. 1674)
• 1741 – Charles Rollin, French historian (b. 1661)
• 1788 – Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, German composer (b. 1714)
• 1788 – King Charles III of Spain (b. 1716)
• 1799 – George Washington, first President of the United States (b. 1732)
• 1838 – Jean-Olivier Chénier, French Canadian physician and Patriote (b. 1806)
• 1860 – George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1784)
• 1861 – Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, consort of Queen Victoria (b. 1819)
• 1865 – Johan Georg Forchhammer, Danish geologist (b. 1794)
• 1873 – Louis Agassiz, Swiss-born American zoologist and geologist (b. 1807)
• 1878 – Alice of the United Kingdom, Grand Duchess of Hesse (b. 1843)
• 1902 – Julia Grant, wife of President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant (b. 1826)
• 1912 – Belgrave Edward Sutton Ninnis, British Army lieutenant (b. 1887)
• 1920 – George Gipp, American football player (b. 1895)
• 1927 – Yulian Vasilievich Sokhotski, Russian mathematician (b. 1842)
• 1935 – Stanley G. Weinbaum, American science-fiction author (b. 1902)
• 1943 – John Harvey Kellogg, American surgeon, inventor of the corn flakes (b. 1852)
• 1947 – Stanley Baldwin, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1867)
• 1947 – Edward Higgins, General of The Salvation Army (b. 1864)
• 1956 – Juho Kusti Paasikivi, president of Finland (b. 1870)
• 1957 – Fred Chapman, American baseball player (b. 1872)
• 1963 – Dinah Washington, American singer (b. 1924)
• 1964 – William Bendix, American actor (b. 1906)
• 1966 – Shailendra, Indian lyricist (b. 1923)
• 1970 – Franz Schlegelberger, German Nazi politician (b. 1876)
• 1971 – Dick Tiger, Nigerian-born boxer (b. 1929)
• 1974 – Walter Lippman, American writer, journalist, and political commentator (b. 1889)
• 1975 – Arthur Treacher, English actor (b. 1894)
• 1978 – Salvador de Madariaga, Spanish diplomat, writer, historian and pacifist (b. 1886)
• 1984 – Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer and Nobel laureate (b. 1898)
• 1985 – Catherine Doherty, social justice activist (b. 1896)
• 1985 – Roger Maris, American baseball player (b. 1934)
• 1989 – Jock Mahoney, American actor and stuntman (b. 1919)
• 1989 – Andrei D. Sakharov, Russian physicist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1921)
• 1990 – Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Swiss writer (b. 1921)
• 1993 – Jeff Alm, American football player (b. 1968)
• 1993 – Myrna Loy, American actress (b. 1905)
• 1994 – Orval Faubus, Governor of Arkansas (b. 1910)
• 1996 – Gaston Miron, French Canadian poet and editor (b. 1928)
• 1997 – Stubby Kaye, American actor (b. 1918)
• 1997 – Kurt Winter, Canadian musician (The Guess Who) (b. 1946)
• 1998 – Norman Fell, American actor (b. 1924)
• 1998 – Aloyisus Leon Higginbotham, Jr., American civil rights activist and author (b. 1928)
• 1998 – Annette Strauss, American philanthropist (b. 1924)
• 2001 – W. G. Sebald, German writer (b. 1944)
• 2003 – Jeanne Crain, American actress (b. 1925)
• 2003 – Blas Ople, foreign minister of the Philippines (b. 1927)
• 2003 – Frank Sheeran, former labor union official (b. 1920)
• 2004 – Rod Kanehl, American baseball player (b. 1934)
• 2004 – Fernando Poe, Jr., Filipino actor and presidential candidate (b. 1939)
• 2005 – Trevanian, American author (b. 1931)
• 2006 – Anton Balasingham, chief political strategist of Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (b. 1938)
• 2006 – Ahmet Ertegün, co-founder of Atlantic Records (b. 1923)
• 2006 – Mike Evans, American actor (b. 1949)

Holidays and observances

• Monkey Day
• Alabama Day

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada