The
eight-thousanders are the fourteen independent
mountains on
Earth
that are more than high above
sea level.
They are
all located in the Himalayan
and Karakoram
mountain ranges in Asia.
The first recorded attempt on an eight-thousander took place on the
expedition by
Albert F. Mummery, and
J. Norman Collie
to Nanga
Parbat
in the territory of Kashmir (in present day
Pakistan Administered Kashmir) in 1895; this attempt failed as
Mummery and two Gurkhas, Ragobir and Goman
Singh, were killed by an avalanche.
The first
recorded successful ascent of an eight-thousander was by Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal, who reached the summit of
Annapurna
on June 3, 1950.
The first person to climb all fourteen eight-thousanders was
Reinhold Messner. He completed this
task on October 16, 1986. A year later, in 1987,
Jerzy Kukuczka became the second climber to
accomplish this feat. , a total of seventeen people have followed
through undisputed. This is an extremely hazardous feat; at least
four people have died while in pursuit of this goal. The man who
has climbed the mountains of this category most times is
Juanito Oiarzabal; a total of 23 times
since 1985 to 2009.
List of eight-thousanders
* As of September 2003, data from
Chinese National Geography
2006.8, page
77.
Verified climbers who have reached the summit of all 14
eight-thousanders
Field
02 lists people who have peaked all 14
without bottled oxygen.
Disputed
Disputes occur when not enough evidence was provided to claim the
climb up to the highest peak.
Climbers and 8000 peaks (As of August 7, 2009)
Source:
Climbers with 10 to 14 MAIN 8000ers in
www.8000ers.comat
[44387]
13 Fausto De Stefani
(ITA)
13 Abele Blanc (ITA)
13 Christian Kuntner (ITA)
13 Alan Hinkes (UK)
13 Norbert Joos (SUI)
13 Piotr Pustelnik (POL)
13 Bianba Zaxi (CHN)
13 Cering Doje (CHN)
13 Luoze (CHN)
13 João Garcia (POR)
13 Oh Eun-Sun (KOR), female
12 Hans Kammerlander (ITA)
12 Félix Iñurrategi
(ESP)--summited Gasherbrum II but died on descent
12 Vladislav Terzyul
(UKR)--summited Makalu but died on descent
12 Rena (CHN)
12 Serguey Bogomolov (RUS)
12 Iñaki Ochoa de Olza
(ESP)
12 Maxut Zhumayev (KAZ)
12 Vassili Pivtsov (KAZ)
12 Edurne Pasaban (ESP), female
12 Hirotaka Takeuchi
(JPN)
12 Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner
(AUT), female
11 Jean-Christophe Lafaille
(FRA)
11 Nives Meroi (ITA), female
11 Romano Benet (ITA)
11 Serap Jangbu Sherpa
(NEP)
11 Go Mi-Sun sometimes spelled Ko Mi
Young (KOR), female--summited Nanga Parbat but died on
descent
10 Viktor Groselj (SLO)
10 Benoit Chamoux (FRA)
10 Oh Hee-Jun (KOR)
10 Mario Panzeri (ITA)
10 Kim Jae-Soo (KOR)
Gallery
Image:Everest kalapatthar crop.jpg| EverestImage:K2 2006b.jpg|
K2Image:Kangchenjunga.JPG|
KangchenjungaImage:LhotseMountain.jos.500pix.jpg|
LhotseImage:Makalu from Island
Peak.jpg|MakaluImage:ChoOyu-fromGokyo.jpg| Cho
OyuImage:DhaulagiriMountain.jos.500pix.jpg|
DhaulagiriImage:Manaslu, from base camp trip.jpg|
ManasluImage:Nanga parbat, Pakistan by gul791.jpg| Nanga
ParbatImage:AnnapurnaSouthMountain.jos.500pix.jpg|
AnnapurnaImage:HiddenPeak.jpg|Gasherbrum IImage:7 15 BroadPeak.jpg|
Broad PeakImage:Gasherbrum2.jpg| Gasherbrum
IIImage:Shishapangma.jpg| Shishapangma
Notes
- In making any "highest mountains" list, one needs to use a
criterion to exclude subpeaks and only list independent mountains.
There is no universally agreed-upon such criterion. However the
(generally accepted) list of fourteen eight-thousanders is obtained
if one uses a topographic prominence cutoff of
between 200 and 500 metres (610 and 1524 feet). Some eight-thousand
metre subpeaks have been climbed as goals in themselves, for
example Lhotse Middle, but
this is quite rare.
- Geographical facts and first ascents information of the Main
8000ers
http://www.8000ers.com/cms/en/8000ers-mainmenu-205.html
-
http://www.8000ers.com/cms/download.html?func=startdown&id=184
Complete ascent - fatalities statistics of all 14 main 8000ers
- The summits of K2, Gasherbrum I, Gasherbrum II and Broad Peak
are on the de facto
border between Pakistan and China along the "Karakoram" range. They
are claimed by India. The most common ascent routes to the summits
are largely via Pakistan, with some climbing from the China
side.
- The summits of K2, Gasherbrum I, Gasherbrum II and Broad Peak
are on the de facto
border between Pakistan and China along the "Karakoram" range. They
are claimed by India. The most common ascent routes to the summits
are largely via Pakistan, with some climbing from the China
side.
- The summits of K2, Gasherbrum I, Gasherbrum II and Broad Peak
are on the de facto
border between Pakistan and China along the "Karakoram" range. They
are claimed by India. The most common ascent routes to the summits
are largely via Pakistan, with some climbing from the China
side.
- The summits of K2, Gasherbrum I, Gasherbrum II and Broad Peak
are on the de facto
border between Pakistan and China along the "Karakoram" range. They
are claimed by India. The most common ascent routes to the summits
are largely via Pakistan, with some climbing from the China
side.
- climbers who have reached the summit of all 14
eight-thousanders
http://www.8000ers.com/cms/download.html?func=startdown&id=155
- http://www.ralf-dujmovits.de/biografie.php
- http://www.andrew-lock.com
See also
External links
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