Events
- 881 – Pope John
VIII crowns Charles the Fat, the
King of Italy: Emperor
- 1429 – English forces
under Sir John Fastolf defend a supply
convoy carrying rations to the army besieging Orleans
from attack
by the Comte de Clermont
and John Stuart in the Battle of Rouvray
(also known as the Battle of the
Herrings).
- 1502 – Vasco da Gama sets sail from Lisbon
, Portugal
, on his
second voyage to India
.
- 1541 – Santiago, Chile
is founded by Pedro de
Valdivia.
- 1554 – A year after
claiming the throne of England
for nine
days, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for
treason.
- 1689 – The Convention Parliament convenes and
declares that the flight to France
in 1688 by James II,
the last Roman Catholic British monarch, constitutes an abdication.
- 1700 – The Great Northern War begins in Northern
Europe.
- 1719 – The Onderlinge van 1719 u.a., the
oldest existing life insurance company in the Netherlands
is founded.
- 1733 – Englishman James
Oglethorpe founds Georgia
, the 13th colony of the Thirteen Colonies, and its first city at
Savannah
(known as Georgia
Day).
- 1771 – Gustav III becomes the King of Sweden.
- 1816 – The Teatro di San
Carlo
, the oldest working opera
house in Europe, is destroyed by
fire.
- 1817 – An Argentine
/Chilean
patriotic
army, after crossing the
Andes, defeats Spanish
troops on
the Battle of
Chacabuco.
- 1818 – Bernardo O'Higgins formally approved the
Chilean Declaration
of Independence near Concepción, Chile
.
- 1825 – The Creek cede the last of their lands in
Georgia
to the United States
government, and migrate west.
- 1832 – Ecuador
annexes the Galápagos Islands
.
- 1855 – Michigan
State University
is established.
- 1870 – Women gain the
right to vote in the Utah Territory
.
- 1879 – The first
artificial ice rink in North America opens at Gilmore's Park in
New York
City
.
- 1894 – Anarchist Émile
Henry hurls a bomb into Paris
's Cafe
Terminus, killing one and wounding 20.
- 1909 – The National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is
founded.
- 1912 – Xuantong Emperor of the Manchu Qing
dynasty
, the last Emperor of
China, abdicates.
- 1912
– The Republic of
China
adopts the Gregorian
calendar.
- 1914 – In Washington,
D.C.
, the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial
is put into place.
- 1924 – Calvin
Coolidge becomes the first President of the United
States to deliver a political speech on radio.
- 1934 – The Austrian Civil War begins.
- 1934 – The Export-Import Bank of
the United States is incorporated.
- 1934
– In Spain
the national
council of Juntas de Ofensiva
Nacional-Sindicalista is inaugurated. The council
decides to merge the movement with the Falange Española.
- 1946 – World War
II: Operation Deadlight ends
after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
- 1961 – U.S.S.R.
launches Venera 1 towards
Venus.
- 1966 – Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, announced the
Six Points in Karachi
as the election manifesto of Awami League, that later led to formation of
Bangladesh
.
- 1973 – Vietnam War: The first United States
prisoners of war
are released by the Viet Cong.
- 1990 – Carmen
Lawrence becomes the first female
Premier in Australian History when she
becomes premier of Western
Australia.
- 1997 – Hwang Jang-yop, secretary in the Workers' Party of Korea and a prime
architect of North
Korea
's Juche doctrine, defects at
the South
Korean
embassy in Beijing along
with his aide, Kim Dok-hong.
- 1999 – President Bill Clinton is acquitted by the United States Senate in his impeachment trial.
- 2000 The last Peanuts comic from Charles
Schulz is published.
- 2001 – NEAR
Shoemaker spacecraft touchdown in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros
becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
- 2002 – The trial of
former President of Federal
Republic of Yugoslavia
Slobodan
Milošević begins at the United
Nations war crimes tribunal in
The
Hague
. He dies four years later before its
conclusion.
- 2002
– US Secretary of Energy
makes the decision that Yucca Mountain
is a suitable site for a deep geological repository for
the United
States
.
- 2002
– An Iran Air Tupolev Tu-154 crashes in the mountains
outside Khorramabad
, Iran
while
descending for a landing at Khorramabad Airport
, killing 119.
- 2004 – The city of
San
Francisco
, California
begins issuing marriage licenses to
same-sex couples in response to a directive from Mayor Gavin Newsom.
- 2006 – A powerful
winter storm
blankets the Northeastern
United States dumping 1 to 2 feet of snow
from Washington
D.C.
to Boston
, Massachusetts
. The storm dumps a record 26.9 inches of
snow in New York City.
- 2007 – A gunman opens
fire in a mall in Salt Lake
City
, killing 5 people wounding 4 others in the Trolley Square shooting.
- 2009 – Colgan Air
Flight 3407
crashes into a house near Buffalo, New
York
killing 50 people.
Births
- 1074 – Conrad, King of Germany and Italy (d.
1101)
- 1218 – Kujo
Yoritsune, Japanese shogun (d. 1256)
- 1567 – Thomas
Campion, English composer and poet (d. 1620)
- 1606 – John Winthrop, the Younger,
Governor of Connecticut (d. 1676)
- 1637 – Jan
Swammerdam, Dutch biologist (d. 1680)
- 1663 – Cotton
Mather, New England minister (d. 1728)
- 1665 – Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German
botanist and physician (d. 1721)
- 1704 – Charles Pinot Duclos, French writer (d.
1772)
- 1728 – Étienne-Louis Boullée,
French architect (d. 1799)
- 1753 – François-Paul Brueys
D'Aigalliers, French admiral (d. 1798)
- 1768 – Francis II, Holy Roman
Emperor (d. 1835)
- 1775 – Louisa
Adams, First Lady of
the United States, wife of John
Quincy Adams (d. 1852)
- 1777 – Friedrich de la Motte
Fouqué, German poet (d. 1843)
- 1777 – Bernard Courtois, French
chemist (d. 1838)
- 1785 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist
(d. 1838)
- 1788 – Carl
Reichenbach, German chemist and philosopher (d. 1869)
- 1791 – Peter
Cooper, American Industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (d.
1883)
- 1794 – Alexander Petrov, Russian chess player (d.
1867)
- 1804 – Heinrich
Lenz, German physicist (d. 1865)
- 1809 – Charles
Darwin, English naturalist (d. 1882)
- 1809 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th
President of the United
States (d. 1865)
- 1828 – George
Meredith, English writer (d. 1909)
- 1843 – John
Graham Chambers, English athlete who wrote the Queensberry rules for boxing
(d. 1883)
- 1857 – Bobby
Peel, English cricketer (d. 1943)
- 1861 – Lou
Andreas-Salome, Russian-born author (d. 1937)
- 1865 – Kazimierz Tetmajer, Polish poet and
writer (d. 1940)
- 1870 – Marie
Lloyd, English music-hall performer (d. 1922)
- 1876 – Thubten Gyatso, 13th
Dalai Lama (d. 1933)
- 1880 – John L.
Lewis, American labor union leader (d.
1969)
- 1881 – Anna
Pavlova, Russian ballerina (d. 1931)
- 1884 – Max
Beckmann, German artist (d. 1950)
- 1884 – Marie Vassilieff,
Russian artist (d. 1957)
- 1884 – Johan Laidoner, Estonian
military commander (d. 1953)
- 1885 – Julius
Streicher, Nazi German publisher (d. 1946)
- 1889 – Bhante
Dharmawara Monk (d. 1999)
- 1893 – Omar
Bradley, American general (d. 1981)
- 1897 – Vola Vale,
American actress (d. 1970)
- 1898 – Wallace
Ford, English-born actor (d. 1966)
- 1900 – Roger
J. Traynor, American judge (d.
1983)
- 1902 – William
Collier, American stage and film actor (d. 1987)
- 1903 – Chick
Hafey, baseball player (d. 1973)
- 1903 – Joseph F. Biroc, American cinematographer (d.
1996)
- 1904 – Ted Mack, American television host
(d. 1976)
- 1907 – Clifton
C. Edom, American
photojournalism educator (d. 1991)
- 1908 – Jacques
Herbrand, French logician and mathematician (d. 1931)
- 1908 – Jean Effel, French painter and
journalist (d. 1982)
- 1908 – August Neo, Estonian wrestler
(d. 1982)
- 1909 – Sigmund Rascher, German SS
doctor
(d. 1945)
- 1911 – Stephen
H. Sholes, American recording
executive (d. 1968)
- 1912 – R.
F. Delderfield, English author (d. 1972)
- 1914 – Tex
Beneke, American musician and band leader (d. 2000)
- 1914 – Arvid Pardo, Maltese
diplomat, a.k.a "Father of the Law of the Sea
Conference" (d. 1999)
- 1915 – Lorne
Greene, Canadian actor (d. 1987)
- 1916 – Joseph
Alioto, Mayor of San Francisco (d. 1998)
- 1917 – Raizo
Matsuno, Japanese politician (d. 2006)
- 1918 – Julian
Schwinger, American physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1994)
- 1919 – Forrest
Tucker, American actor (d. 1986)
- 1920 – William Roscoe Estep, Baptist historian
and professor (d. 2000)
- 1920 – Pran, Indian actor
- 1922 – Hussein bin Dato'
Onn, Malaysian Prime Minister (d. 1990)
- 1923 – Franco
Zeffirelli, Italian film and opera director and designer
- 1923 – Chaskel Besser, Orthodox rabbi
- 1925 – Sir Anthony
Berry, British politician (d. 1984)
- 1926 – Joe
Garagiola, American baseball player and announcer
- 1926 – Charles Van Doren,
American quiz show contestant
- 1930 – Arlen
Specter, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania
- 1931 – Janwillem van de Wetering, Dutch
author
- 1932 – Axel
Jensen, Norwegian author (d. 2003)
- 1932 – Julian Lincoln
Simon, American economist and author (d. 1998)
- 1934 – Anne
Krueger, American economist
- 1934 – Bill Russell, American
basketball player
- 1934 – Annette Crosbie, Scottish
actress
- 1935 – Gene
McDaniels, American singer
- 1936 – Joe Don
Baker, American actor
- 1936 – Paul Shenar, American
actor
- 1937 – Charles
Dumas, American athlete (d. 2004)
- 1938 – Judy
Blume, American author
- 1938 – Johnny Rutherford,
American race car driver
- 1938 – Peter Temple-Morris,
Baron Temple-Morris, British politician
- 1939 – Ray
Manzarek, American keyboardist (The
Doors)
- 1940 – Richard Lynch, American actor
- 1941 – Naomi
Uemura, Japanese adventurer
- 1942 – Ehud
Barak, Prime Minister of
Israel
- 1942 – Pat Dobson, American baseball
player (d. 2006)
- 1944 – Moe Bandy,
American singer
- 1945 – Maud
Adams, Swedish actress
- 1945 – David Friedman,
American economist
- 1946 – Cliff
DeYoung, American actor and musician
- 1946 – Jean Eyeghe Ndong,
Prime Minister of Gabon
- 1946 – Ajda Pekkan, Turkish
singer
- 1947 – Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale,
Indian leader of Damdami Taksal (d. 1984)
- 1948 – Raymond
Kurzweil, American inventor and author
- 1948 – Mike Robitaille, Canadian
ice hockey player
- 1949 – Joaquín Sabina, Spanish singer and
songwriter
- 1950 – Michael
Ironside, Canadian actor
- 1950 – Steve Hackett, English
guitarist (Genesis)
- 1951 – Steven
Parent, Manson murder victim (d.
1969)
- 1952 – Michael McDonald, American
musician
- 1952 – Simon MacCorkindale,
British actor
- 1953 – Joanna
Kerns, American actress
- 1953 – Nabil Shaban, British
actor
- 1953 – Robin Thomas, American
actor
- 1954 – Tzimis
Panousis, Greek musician and stand-up comedian
- 1954 – Philip
Zimmermann, American cryptographer
- 1955 – Arsenio
Hall, American actor and talk show host
- 1955 – Bill Laswell, American
bassist and record producer
- 1955 – Chet Lemon, American baseball
player
- 1956 – Brian
Robertson, Scottish musician (Thin
Lizzy and Motörhead)
- 1958 – Grant
McLennan, Australian musician (The
Go-Betweens) (d. 2006)
- 1958 – Bobby Smith,
Canadian ice hockey player
- 1959 – Larry
Nance, American basketball player
- 1959 – Sigrid Thornton,
Australian actress
- 1960 – George Gray, American professional
wrestler
- 1961 – Jim
Harris, Canadian politician
- 1962 – Jimmy
Kirkwood, Irish-born field hockey player
- 1963 – John
Michael Higgins, American actor
- 1963 – Ed Lover, American radio
personality
- 1967 – Chris
McKinstry, Canadian computer scientist
- 1967 – Chitravina N.
Ravikiran, Indian composer
and musician
- 1968 – Josh
Brolin, American actor
- 1968 – Grégory Charles,
French Canadian singer, dancer, pianist, radio and television
host
- 1968
– Christopher
McCandless
, American nomad, subject of biography Into the Wild
(d. 1992)
- 1968 – Chynna Phillips, American
singer
- 1968 – Kyle Vincent, American
singer/songwriter
- 1969 – Darren
Aronofsky, American director and writer
- 1969 – Hong Myung-Bo, Korean
footballer
- 1969 – Meja, Swedish singer
- 1969 – Brad Werenka, Canadian ice
hockey player
- 1970 – Jim
Creeggan, Canadian bassist (Barenaked Ladies)
- 1970 – Judd Winick, writer and
artist
- 1972 – Ajay
Naidu, Indian-American actor
- 1972 – Owen Nolan, Canadian ice
hockey player
- 1973 – Gianni
Romme, Dutch speed skater
- 1973 – Tara Strong, Canadian voice
actress
- 1974 – Toranosuke Takagi, Japanese race car
driver
- 1974 – Fonzworth Bentley,
American hip-hop artist
- 1975 – Scot
Pollard, American basketball player
- 1976 – Christian Cullen, New Zealand rugby union
footballer
- 1976 – Silvia Saint, Czech
pornographic actress
- 1977 – Jimmy
Conrad, American soccer player
- 1978 – Brett
Hodgson, Australian rugby league footballer
- 1978 – Gethin Jones, British
(Welsh) television presenter
- 1978 – Silver Meikar, Estonian
politician
- 1979 – Antonio
Chatman, American football player
- 1979 – Matt Mauck, American football
player
- 1979 – Jesse Spencer, Australian
actor
- 1980 – Juan
Carlos Ferrero, Spanish tennis player
- 1980 – Sarah Lancaster, American
actress
- 1980 – Christina Ricci, American
actress
- 1981 – Lisa
Hannigan; Irish singer
- 1982 – Louis
Tsatoumas, Greek long jumper
- 1983 – Carlton
Brewster, American football player
- 1984 – Lolly
Badcock, English pornographic actress
- 1984 – Brad Keselowski, American
racing car driver
- 1984 – Peter Vanderkaay,
American swimmer
- 1984 – Aylar Lie, Norwegian model
- 1985 – Saskia
Burmeister, Australian actress
- 1988 – Nana Eikura, Japanese
actress
- 1991 – Faisal ibn Hamad Al Khalifah,
prince of Bahrain (d. 2006)
- 1993 – Jennifer
Stone American actor
Deaths
- 1538 – Albrecht Altdorfer, German painter
- 1554 – Lord
Guilford Dudley, consort of Lady Jane
Grey (b. 1536)
- 1554 – Lady Jane Grey, claimant
to the English throne (b. 1537)
- 1571 – Nicholas Throckmorton, English
diplomat and politician (b. 1515)
- 1590 – François Hotman, French lawyer and
writer (b. 1524)
- 1595 – Archduke Ernest of Austria,
Governor of the Spanish
Netherlands (b. 1553)
- 1612 – Christopher Clavius, German astronomer
(b. 1538)
- 1624 – George
Heriot, Scottish goldsmith and philanthropist (b. 1563)
- 1630 – Fynes
Moryson, English traveler and writer (b. 1566)
- 1700 – Aleksei
Shein, Russian general and statesman (b. 1662)
- 1724 – Elkanah
Settle, English writer (b. 1648)
- 1728 – Agostino Steffani, Italian diplomat and
composer (b. 1653)
- 1762 – Laurent
Belissen, French composer (b. 1693)
- 1763 – Pierre
de Marivaux, French writer (b. 1688)
- 1771 – King Adolf Frederick of Sweden (b.
1710)
- 1789 – Ethan
Allen, American patriot (b. 1738)
- 1799 – Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist
(b. 1729)
- 1804 – Immanuel
Kant, German philosopher (b. 1724)
- 1834 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German
philosopher (b. 1768)
- 1894 – Hans
von Bülow, German pianist and composer (b. 1830)
- 1896 – Ambroise
Thomas, French opera composer (b. 1811)
- 1903 – Gaspar Núñez de Arce, Spanish
dramatist and statesman (b. 1834)
- 1915 – Émile Waldteufel, French composer (b.
1837)
- 1916 – Richard
Dedekind, German mathematician (b. 1831)
- 1929 – Lillie
Langtry, British singer and actress (b. 1853)
- 1931 – Samedbey Mehmandarov, Russian general
(b. 1855)
- 1933 – Henri Duparc, French composer (b.
1848)
- 1935 – Auguste
Escoffier, French chef (b. 1846)
- 1942 – Grant
Wood, American painter (b.1891)
- 1945 – Antonio Villa-Real, Filipino jurist (b.
1880)
- 1949 – Hassan al
Banna, Egyptian founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (b.
1906)
- 1951 – Choudhary Rehmat Ali, Pakistani
nationalist (b. 1897)
- 1954 – Dziga
Vertov, Russian filmmaker (b. 1896)
- 1957 – Eric
Alfred Knudsen, American folklorist (b. 1872)
- 1958 – Douglas
Hartree, English mathematical physicist (b. 1897)
- 1970 – Ishman
Bracey, American blues musician (b. 1901)
- 1971 – James
C. Penney, American department
store founder (b. 1875)
- 1976 – Sal Mineo,
American actor (b. 1939)
- 1979 – Jean
Renoir, French director (b. 1894)
- 1980 – Muriel
Rukeyser, American poet (b. 1913)
- 1982 – Victor
Jory, Canadian actor (b. 1902)
- 1983 – Eubie
Blake, American musician and songwriter (b. 1887)
- 1984 – Anna
Anderson, claimant to the throne of Russia (b. 1896)
- 1984 – Julio Cortázar,
Argentine writer (b. 1914)
- 1985 – Nicholas Colasanto, American actor (b.
1924)
- 1989 – Thomas
Bernhard, Austrian playwright and novelist (b. 1931)
- 1991 – Roger
Patterson, American death metal bass player (b. 1968)
- 1992 – Bep van
Klaveren, Dutch boxer (b. 1907)
- 1993 – James Bulger, English murder victim
(b. 1990)
- 1994 – Sue
Rodriguez, Canadian assisted
suicide advocate (b. 1950)
- 1995 – Robert
Bolt, English writer (b. 1924)
- 1995 – Philip Taylor
Kramer, American musician (Iron
Butterfly) (b. 1952)
- 1996 – Bob Shaw,
Northern Irish novelist (b. 1931)
- 1998 – Hugh
Gardner Ackley, U.S. Economist (b.1915)
- 2000 – Screamin' Jay Hawkins, American
musician (b. 1929)
- 2000 – Tom Landry, American football
coach (b. 1924)
- 2000 – Andy Lewis,
Australian musician (b. 1967)
- 2000 – Charles Schulz, American
comics author (b. 1922)
- 2000 – Oliver,
American pop singer (b. 1945)
- 2001 – Kristina Söderbaum, German actress
(b. 1912)
- 2001 – Tiberio Mitri, Italian
boxer (b. 1926)
- 2003 – Vali
Myers, Australian painter (b. 1930)
- 2005 – Rafael
Vidal, Venezuelan athlete (b. 1964)
- 2005 – Sammi Smith, American country
music singer (b. 1943)
- 2007 – Peggy
Gilbert, American jazz saxophonist and bandleader (b.
1905)
- 2007 – Randy Stone, American actor
and casting director (b. 1958)
- 2008 – Oscar
Brodney, American screenwriter (b. 1907)
Holidays and observances
In the
Roman Catholic Church:
In the Eastern Orthodox Churches:
External links