Armand Hippolyte Louis Fizeau (1819 – 1896), a French physicist, was born in Paris. His earliest work was concerned with improvements in photographic processes. Later, in association with J. B. L. Beaulieu, he engaged in a series of investigations on the interference of light and heat. In 1848, he predicted the redshifting of electromagnetic waves. In 1849 he published the first results obtained by his method for determining the speed of light (see Fizeau-Foucault apparatus), and in 1850 with E. Gounelle measured the speed of electricity. Hippolyte in 1864 made the first suggestion that the "length of a light wave be used as a length standard".(Physics part 1 Resnick/Halliday pg.5)
He was involved in the discovery of the
Doppler effect.
In 1853 he described the use of the
capacitor (then called the
condenser) as
a means to increase the efficiency of the induction
coil. Subsequently he studied the
thermal expansion of
solids, and applied the phenomenon of interference of
light to the measurement of the dilatations of
crystals. He became a member of the
Académie des Sciences in 1860 and
of the
Bureau des Longitudes
in 1878.
He died at Venteuil
on 18
September 1896.
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