This is a list of
notable Cuban
Americans, including both original political exiles
who obtained American citizenship and their American
descendants.
To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia
article showing they are Cuban American or must have references
showing they are Cuban American and are notable.
List
Athletes
- Aric Almirola, current NASCAR
driver
- Robert Andino, infielder for the
Baltimore Orioles
- Gilbert Arenas, professional
basketball player with the Washington
Wizards
- Bronson Arroyo, starting pitcher
for the Cincinnati Reds and member
of World Champion 2004 Boston Red Sox
(Cuban father)
- Alex Avila, current catcher for the
Detroit Tigers
- Danys Báez, relief pitcher for
the Baltimore Orioles
- Steve Bellán, baseball player
and pioneer
- Yuniesky Betancourt, current
shortstop for the Kansas City
Royals
- Bert Campaneris, former MLB
All-Star shortstop
- Barbaro Canizares, current
first baseman
- José Canseco, former MLB
All-Star outfielder and DH, author (Juiced)
and reality show contestant (The
Surreal Life)
- Ozzie Canseco, former MLB
outfielder
- José Cardenal, former MLB
outfielder and coach and current MLB executive
- Vinnie Chulk, relief pitcher for
the San Francisco Giants
- José Contreras, pitcher with
the Chicago White Sox, won World
Series in 2005
- Mike Cuellar, former MLB All-Star
pitcher
- Orestes Destrade, former MLB
first baseman and current broadcaster
- Eric Eichmann, former US National
Team and American professional soccer player (Cuban mother)
- Yunel Escobar, current shortstop
for the Atlanta Braves
- Alex Fernandez, former
pitcher for the Florida Marlins
- Osvaldo Fernandez, former MLB
pitcher for the Cincinnati Reds
- Tony Fossas, former MLB relief
pitcher
- Tito Fuentes, former MLB second
baseman
- Mary Joe Fernandez, tennis
player
- Ryan Freel, outfielder for the
Chicago Cubs (Cuban mother)
- Yuriorkis Gamboa,"El Ciclon de
Guantanamo",Professional Boxer
- Preston Gómez, former MLB
infielder and manager
- Anthony Gonzalez, WR Indianapolis Colts National Football
League
- Joaquin Gonzalez, Offensive
Line, Indianapolis Colts National
Football League
- Luis Gonzalez,
outfielder for the Los Angeles
Dodgers
- Gio Gonzalez,current MLB pitcher
for the Oakland Athletics
- Henry Gutierrez, former US
National Team and American professional soccer player
- Ricky Gutierrez, former
shortstop
- James "Chico"
Hernandez, of Wheaties fame, US
Sombo Wrestling
Champion, World Cup Silver and 3 time British
silver medalist
- Liván Hernández,
starting pitcher for the New York
Mets
- Orlando Hernández,
half-brother of Livan, starting pitcher for New York Mets
- Julio Herrera, professional
wrestler
- Raúl Ibáñez,
outfielder for the Philadelphia
Phillies
- Doug Logan, Chief Executive Officer
of USA Track & Field (USATF), the national governing body for
track and field, long distance running, and race walking.
- Neil Lomax, Former quarterback, St
Louis Cardinals
- Brook Lopez, Current NBA player for
the New Jersey Nets,(Cuban
father)
- Robin Lopez, Current NBA player for
the Phoenix Suns,(Cuban father)
- Gustavo Lopez, amateur MMA
fighter, amateur kickboxer, and amateur boxer
- Mickey Lopez, former second
baseman.
- Mike Lowell, third baseman for the
Boston Red Sox
- Frank Martin, current
head men's basketball coach at Kansas State
- Al Montoya, current goalkeeper in
National Hockey League
- Minnie Miñoso, former MLB
All-Star outfielder
- Pablo Morales, Olympic
swimmer
- Kendry Morales, current first
baseman for the Los
Angeles Angels
- Sergio Oliva, Former 3-time Mr.
Olympia. Only bodybuilder to have ever beaten Arnold Schwarzenegger in a Mr. Olympia
competition.
- Tony Oliva, former MLB All-Star
outfielder
- Rey Ordóñez, former
shortstop, New York Mets
- Henry Owens, relief pitcher for the
Florida Marlins
- Orlando Palmeiro, professional
baseball player
- Rafael Palmeiro, former MLB
All-Star first baseman and member of the 3,000 Hit and 500 Home Run
clubs
- Brayan Peña, current catcher
for the Kansas City Royals
- Tony Perez, National Baseball Hall of
Fame infielder
- Eduardo Perez, former first
baseman
- Jorge Posada, catcher for the
New York Yankees (Cuban
father)
- Alexei Ramirez, current
outfielder/infielder for the Chicago
White Sox
- Jennifer Rodriguez, Olympic
medal-winning speed skater
- Sean Rodriguez, second baseman
for the Los Angeles
Angels
- Alberto Salazar, runner and
marathon winner
- David Segui, former first
baseman
- Danny Tartabull, former MLB
All-Star outfielder
- Luis Tiant, former MLB All-Star
pitcher
Business
- Alex Aguila, co-founder of Alienware
- Raul Alarcon, president and
CEO of the Spanish Broadcasting System
- Ralph Alvarez, president and
COO of McDonald's
- Bacardi Family, owners of Bacardi Rums, Grey
Goose, Martini & Rossi
and Dewar's
- Paul L. Cejas, CEO of PLC Investments, Inc.
- Armando Codina, CEO of the Codina
Group
- Alfonso Fanjul, sugar
baron
- Jose Fanjul, sugar
baron
- Raul J. Fernandez, co-owner of the
NBA Washington
Wizards, NHL Washington Capitals and WNBA Washington
Mystics
- Ralph de la Vega, President and
CEO of AT&T
Mobility
- Jorge Figueredo, Senior Vice
President of Dow Jones
- Albert Garcia, Information
Technology Director of Rachlin LLP
- Robert C. Goizueta, former CEO
of the Coca-Cola Company
- Efram Grinberg, CEO of
Movado watches
- Gedalio Grinberg, founder and former
CEO of Movado watches
- Nelson Gonzalez, co-founder of
Alienware
- Carlos Gutierrez, former
CEO of Kellogg
Company
- Alvaro de Molina, Chief Financial Officer of Bank of America Corporation
- Antonio Luis Navarro,
former vice president of W.
R. Grace and Company
- Jorge M. Perez, real estate developer, CEO of the
Related Group
- Joe Quesada, editor-in-chief of
Marvel Comics
- George Reyes, Chief Financial Officer of Google
- Gregorio Reyes,
co-founded Sunward Technologies; Silicon Valley
legend
- Felix Sabates, entrepreneur,
philanthropist, holds ownership in NASCAR,
Charlotte Bobcats and New Orleans Hornets
- Alberto Vilar, investor and
philanthropist.
Education
- Dr.
Ruth Behar, anthropologist, poet, and
filmmaker, first Latina recipient of a MacArthur award, University of
Michigan

- Dr. George J. Borjas, noted economist, Harvard
University

- Dr. Miguel A. De La Torre, prolific author on
Hispanic religiosity, Iliff
School of Theology
- Dr. Modesto A. Maidique, president of Florida
International University

- Dr. Elsa A. Murano, president of Texas A&M
University

- Dr.
Alejandro Portes, prominent
sociologist, Princeton
University

Entertainment
Actors
- Laz Alonso, actor
- Desi Arnaz, actor (I Love Lucy)
- Desi Arnaz Jr., actor
- Lucie Arnaz, actress
- Nelson Ascencio, comedian
(MADtv)
- Steven Bauer, actor (Scarface, ¿Qué Pasa, USA?, credited as Rocky
Echevarría)
- Maria Canals Barrera, voice
actress
- Bobby Cannavale, actor
(Third Watch, Will & Grace)
- Irene Cara, actress (Flashdance)
- Nestor Carbonell, actor
(Suddenly Susan, Lost, The
Dark Knight, The Lost
City)
- Jencarlos Canela, actor (Mas
sabe el diablo)
- Matt Cedeño, actor and
model
- Eddie Cibrian, actor (Vanished, Invasion)
- Damien Crosse, gay porn actor
- Valerie Cruz, actress (Nip/Tuck)
- Rosario Dawson,
actress(Rent, Kids)
- Kamar de los Reyes, soap
opera actor (One Life to
Live)
- Cameron Diaz, actress (There's Something About
Mary, Charlie's
Angels)
- Guillermo Díaz, actor (films
Half Baked, Party Girl)
- Emiliano Díez, actor
(The George Lopez
Show)
- Majandra Delfino, actress
(Roswell)
- Marieh Delfino, actress
- Raul Esparza, actor
- Mel Ferrer, actor
- Daisy Fuentes, model and
television personality (MTV's House
of Style)
- David Fumero, soap opera actor
(One Life to Live)
- Gene Gabriel, actor (Numb3rs, Law & Order: Criminal
Intent)
- David Gallagher actor,
7th Heaven
- Melissa Gallo, television actress,
One Life to Live
- Andy Garcia, Academy Award-nominated actor (The Godfather Part III,
Ocean's Eleven,
Oceans Twelve)
- Joanna García, film and
television actress (Reba)
- Jorge Garcia, actor (Lost)
- Jsu Garcia, actor
- Nona Gaye, singer and actress
(Ali)
- Carlos Gómez,
actor
- Marga Gomez,
comedienne/playwright
- Carlos Leon actor (film The Woodsman)
- Ana Margarita
Martínez-Casado, actress (El Super,
¿Qué Pasa, USA?)
- Eva Mendes, actress (Hitch, 2
Fast 2 Furious)
- Christina Milian, singer and
actress (Be Cool)
- Enrique Murciano, actor
(Without a Trace)
- Oscar Nuñez, actor
(The
Office)
- Luis Oquendo, actor (film Guaguasi,
¿Qué Pasa, USA?)
- Elizabeth Peña, actress
(Rush Hour)
- Danny Pino, actor (Cold Case)
- Tony Plana, actor (Ugly Betty)
- Carlos Ponce, actor/singer
- Armando Riesco, actor (film
Garden State)
- Adam Rodriguez, actor
(CSI: Miami)
- Gabriela Rodriguez,actress
(As the Bell Rings)
- Genesis Rodriguez, actress
(Dona Barbara, Dame Chocolate and Prisionera).
- Cesar Romero, actor (The Joker on Batman , Ocean's Eleven , Week-End in Havana)
- Mercedes Ruehl, Academy Award-winning (The Fisher King) and Tony Award-winning actress
- Marco Sanchez, actor
- Saundra Santiago, actress
(Miami Vice, The Sopranos)
- Tessie Santiago, actress
(Good Morning,
Miami)
- Annabella Sciorra, actress
(The Hand that Rocks
the Cradle, The
Sopranos)
- Jamie-Lynn Sigler, actress
(The Sopranos)
- Georg Stanford Brown, actor
(Roots)
- Gina Torres, actress (The Matrix sequels, Firefly and Serenity)
- Jordi Vilasuso, actor
(Guiding Light)
- Odette Yustman, actress
(Cloverfield)
- Gerry Zaragemca, author,Master
Percussionists
Cartoonists
Directors, screenwriters and producers
- Desi Arnaz, producer and co-founder
of Desilu Productions, home to
I Love Lucy and hit television
series such as Star
Trek, The Andy
Griffith Show, Mission:
Impossible, The Untouchables and
The Dick Van Dyke Show.
- Migdia Chinea Varela,
screenwriter, writer (Incredible
Hulk, The
Facts of Life, Superboy)
- Manny Coto, executive producer
(24), writer (24, Star Trek: Enterprise)
- René Echevarria, writer
(Star Trek: The Next
Generation, Star
Trek: Deep Space Nine, Medium) co-creator of The 4400
- Andy Garcia, director (The Lost City)
- Silvio Horta, creator and writer
(Ugly Betty), writer
(Urban Legends, Jake 2.0)
- Brett Ratner,
American
-born
director (Rush Hour, Red Dragon, X-Men 3)
- George Romero, producer/director
(Night of the Living
Dead, Dawn of the
Dead) creator of the Dead
Series film series
Graphic designers
Fashion
Magicians
Musicians

- Francisco Aguabella,
Afro-Cuban master percussionist
- Albita, Grammy-winning singer
- Mellow Man Ace, Godfather of
Latin Hip Hop
- B Real, member of rap group Cypress Hill
- Fantasia Barrino, singer,
American Idol winner
- Mario Bauza, trumpeter, saxophonist,
composer, arranger, bandleader and Afro-Cuban Jazz pioneer
- Jorge Bolet, classical concert
pianist specializing in Lizst
- Irene Cara, Oscar and Grammy-winning
singer (Flashdance), actress
(Fame)
- Willy Chirino, singer
- Celia Cruz, multiple Grammy-winning singer
- Xavier Cugat, celebrated
bandleader
- Addys D'Mercedes, singer
- Paquito D'Rivera, Grammy-winning saxophonist
- The DeCastro Sisters,
female singing group
- Don Dinero, rapper
- Emilio Estefan, five-time
Grammy-winning producer
- Gloria Estefan, Grammy-winning and Academy
Award-nominated singer
- Lola Falana, singer, actress and
dancer
- Johnny Goudie, rock musician
- Horacio Gutierrez,
prize-winning classical concert pianist
- Al Jourgensen, frontman of
Ministry
- La Lupe, singer and gay icon
- Nil Lara, rock musician
- Lissette, singer/actress (wife of
Willy Chirino)
- Dave Lombardo, drummer of Slayer
- Cachao López, composer,
musician of Cuban mambo
- Raul Malo, lead singer of American
country music band, The Mavericks
- Martika, Grammy-nominated singer/actress (film Annie ; television series Kids Incorporated )
- Paul Masvidal, guitarist for metal
band Cynic
- Syesha Mercado, singer
- Roger Miret, singer for Agnostic Front
- Jorge Moreno, Grammy award winning
singer / writer and tv producer
- JD Natasha, Latin pop musician
- Juan Croucier, rock bassist
(Ratt, Dokken, Quiet Riot)
- Olivia Longott, rapper
- P-Star, rapper, actress
- Pitbull,
American
-born
rapper
- Dj Laz,singer,rapper,& Dj
- Chano Pozo, Afro-Cuban, Latin Jazz percussionist, conga player
- Rey Ruiz, singer
- Arturo Sandoval, jazz trumpeter
and pianist
- Rudy Sarzo, rock bassist (Quiet Riot, Ozzy
Osbourne, Whitesnake, Manic Eden, Dio)
- Jon Secada, two-time Grammy-winning singer
- Sen Dog, Cuban rapper member of
(Cypress Hill)
- Tico Torres, drummer for Bon Jovi
- Mayra Verónica, singer,
model, television personality
- Hansel y Raul (Charanga 76 Band leaders/singers)
- Arawak Jah cuban internationally
reggae star [Orlando, FL, USA]
Reality television contestants
- Fantasia Barrino, winner of
American Idol
- Rachel Campos, featured on
The Real World: San
Francisco
- Jose "Pepi" Diaz, contestant on season 5 of The Apprentice
- Marlon Fernández, winner
of Objetivo Fama (third
season)
- Ashley Massaro, Survivor: China contestant, WWE Diva, Playboy Model &
Cover Girl
- Syesha Mercado, American Idol contestant
- Chris Nuñez, artist and reality
television personality (Miami
Ink)
- Melissa Padrón, featured
on The Real World:
Miami
- Veronica Portillo, Playboy model and Road
Rules contestant
- Janu Tornell, Vegas showgirl and
reality show contestant (Survivor)
- Pedro Zamora, AIDS activist, featured on The Real World: San
Francisco
Television personalities
- Ariana Barouk, Beauty Queen,
Television Host/Presenter, Actress, Model (Ogags)
- Raul De Molina, co-host of
Univision's El Gordo y la
Flaca
- Lily Estefan, co-host of
Univision's El Gordo y la
Flaca
- Alex Ferrer, television judge
(Judge Alex)
- Alex Garcia, Food Network personality
- Odalys Garcia, singer, model and
television personality
- Vida Guerra, television presenter
and model
- Maria Lopez, television judge
(Judge Maria Lopez)
- Marilyn Milian, television judge
(The People's
Court)
- Ana Maria Polo, television
arbitrator
- Rick Sanchez, CNN anchorman and
reporter
- Hildi Santo-Tomas, designer,
host of TLC network show
Trading Spaces
- Cristina Saralegui, magazine
editor, talk show host (Cristina)
and actress
- Sissi, television presenter and
model ( Sabado Gigante)
- Bob Vila, author/television host
(This Old House)
- Ninoska Perez Castellon,
"Ultima Palabra", GenTV, Radio Mambi,En Caliente daily radio
show.
- Maria Larias (TV host)
Writers
- Mercedes de Acosta, poet,
playwright
- Reynaldo Arenas, poet,
author
- Nilo Cruz, playwright, the first
Latino to win the Pulitzer Prize for
Drama
- Carmen Agra Deedy, children's
books author
- Carlos Eire, writer, won the 2003
National Book Award in
Nonfiction
- Frank Fernández, anarchist,
author of exile-related themes
- Roberto G. Fernández, novelist
- María Irene Fornés,
playwright
- Paula Fox, author, winner of Hans Christian Andersen Medal,
biological grandmother of musician Courtney Love
- Cristina García,
novelist
- Carolina
Garcia-Aguilera, mystery novelist and descendant of Cuban
independence patriot Francisco Vicente Aguilera
- Oscar Hijuelos, first Hispanic to
win the Pulitzer Prize for
fiction
- Juan Gerardo Hernandez,
author ( books "Cuban, That's All" and "More Cuban,
That's All")
- Ana Menèndez, author (books
In Cuba I Was a
German Shepherd and Loving
Che)
- Anaïs Nin, author
- Achy Obejas, novelist
- Jorge Reyes, memoirist, short-story
writer, poet, children's books
- Carlos Rubio Albet, bilingual
novelist, short-story writer
- Antonio Sacre, children's books,
playwright
- Cecilia Samartin, novelist,
(books "Broken Paradise", "Tarnished Beauty", "Vigil"),
www.ceciliasamartin.com
- Armando Simon, playwright
"Infidel! Don Juan in Despair", author
"The U, A Cuban From
Kansas", research psychologist
- Virgil Suárez, novelist
- Piri Thomas, author (memoir
Down These Mean
Streets)
- Alisa Valdes-Rodriguez,
writer (The Dirty Girls Social Club)
- Armando Valladares, writer
("Against All Hope: A Memoir of Life in Castro's Gulag")
Journalists
- Manny Alvarez, medical
correspondent Fox News Channel
- Cathy Areu, founder of Catalina magazine
- Liz Balmaseda, columnist Miami Herald
- Barbara Bermudo, anchor
Primer Impacto
- Michelle
Caruso-Cabrera, a business news General Assignment Reporter for
CNBC
television.
- Myrka Dellanos, former anchor
Primer Impacto
- Jose Diaz-Balart,
anchor/reporter
- Jackie Figueroa, anchor, reporter and host of
Acción
Hispana
- Max Gomez, medical
correspondent WNBC
, NBC in New York
City
- Ambrose E. Gonzales, co-founder of the The State newspaper in South
Carolina
and author
of several books in Gullah
language
- Narciso
Gener Gonzales, co-founder of the The State newspaper in South
Carolina

- Dan Le Batard, sportswriter for
The Miami Herald
- Antonio Mora,
anchor WFOR
in
Miami
- Belkys Nerey
, anchor WSVN
, Fox in Miami
- Jackie
Nespral, anchor WTVJ
, NBC in Miami
;
- Soledad O'Brien, CNN anchor
- Rafael Pineda,
anchor WXTV
in New York
- Maggie Rodriguez, co-anchor of
CBS's The Early
Show
- Rick Sanchez, CNN anchor
- Mari Rodriguez Ichaso,
filmmaker, columnist, journalist
Vanidades, Harper's Bazaar en Espanol, Travel & Leisure en
Espanol
- Jessica
Aguirre, anchor KNTV NBC 11 News San Francisco
, CA
Politics and the judiciary
United States ambassadors
Cabinet members
United States House of Representatives
- James Devereux, former Republican member of the
United States
House of Representatives, representing Maryland's 2nd
district
- Lincoln Diaz-Balart,
Republican member
of the United
States House of Representatives, representing Florida's 21st
district
- Mario Diaz-Balart, Republican member of the
United States
House of Representatives, representing Florida's 25th
district
- Joseph Marion
Hernández, first Hispanic elected to the United States Congress
- Ileana Ros-Lehtinen,
Republican member
of the United
States House of Representatives, representing Florida's 18th
district
- Albio Sires, Democratic member of the
United States
House of Representatives, representing New Jersey's 13th
district
2008 Congressional candidates
United States Senate
Federal government
- Al Cardenas,
Washington,
D.C.
lobbyist
- Alex Castellanos, Republican media
consultant; senior advisor to 2008 Presidential Candidate Mitt Romney
- Nils J. Diaz, former chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission
- Cari M. Dominguez, Chair of the United States
Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission
- Emilio T. Gonzalez, Ph.D, director of United States
Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)
- Eliot A. Jardines, first Assistant Deputy Director
of National Intelligence for Open Source
- Otto Reich, former Assistant
Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs
- Mauricio J. Tamargo, 14th Chairman of the Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission
- Mel Martinez, fmr. Chairman of the
Republican National
Committee
Local government
- Carlos
Alvarez, mayor of Miami-Dade County

- Joe Carollo,
former mayor of Miami

- Manny Diaz, mayor
of Miami

- Raul L. Martinez, former mayor of Hialeah

- Carlos Mayans,
mayor of Wichita,
Kansas

- Alex Penelas,
former mayor (D-FL
), Miami-Dade
County, Florida
- Xavier Suarez,
former mayor of Miami

- Silverio Vega,
mayor of West New
York
, New
Jersey
- Tomas
Regalado, mayor of Miami

State government
U.S. Commonwealth government
Judiciary
United States Armed Forces
World leaders
Science and technology
Visual arts
Sylvia Maria Gonzalez, painter
Other
- Mercedes de Acosta,
socialite, author, best known for her affairs with Greta Garbo, Marlene
Dietrich
- Fernando Bujones, ballet
dancer
- Jose Manuel Carreño,
award winning ballet dancer, American Ballet Theatre.
- Alberto Cutié, ex-priest and
television host, EWTN
- Alina Fernández, radio
personality, daughter and critic of Fidel
Castro
- Joe Garcia, 2008 Democratic
congressional candidate
- Ambrosio José
Gonzales, Colonel in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War.
- Maria Elena Milagro de Hoyos, woman
at the center of the Carl Tanzler
case
- Jorge Mas Canosa, political
activist, former head of Cuban-American National
Foundation
- Ana Mendieta, performance artist,
noted feminist
- Henry Pollack, radio host of
"Havana Rock"
- Charles "Bebe" Rebozo, close
friend and confidant of President Richard
Nixon; key Watergate scandal
figure
- María Consuelo
Iznaga Clemens,[306732] wife of George Montagu, 8th Duke
of Manchester
- Dr. Carlos A.
Rosende, M.D., a
specialist in diabetic retinopathy and general ophthalmology, who
was appointed chairman of the department of ophthalmology at The
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio,
http://www.uthscsa.edu/hscnews/singleformat.asp?newID=2311
- Maria Teresa Mestre, Wife of
Luxembourg's constitutional monarch - Grand Duke Henri. Her title is Grand
Duchess
References
-
http://web.archive.org/web/20020812173838/http://www.army.mil/usar/news/2002/05may/chico.html
- [1] "Aguila and Gonzalez are of Cuban-American
heritage, though both were born in the United States."
- [2] "He's lovin' it; the Ralph Alvarez story:
for the Cuban-born Ralph Alvarez, working for McDonald's had long
been a dream."
- [3] "The Bacardi family are Cuban exiles who
left the country in 1960 when their assets were confiscated by
Fidel Castro's regime."
- [4] "The Cuban born brothers"
- [5] "The Cuban born brothers"
- [6] "Born in Cuba during Fidel Castro's
revolution, Figueredo fled the island with his parents"
- [7] "Coca-Cola Chairman Roberto C. Goizueta, a
Cuban immigrant"
- [8] "Born in Havana, Cuba in 1953"
- [9] "Cuban immigrant Al de Molina has done an
impressive job as treasurer of Bank of America (BofA)"
- [10] "Perez, 55, who was born in Argentina of
Cuban parents and came to the U.S. in 1968"
- [11] "Quesada created the Santerians, based on his
coming of age experiences and Cuban heritage"
- [12] "Cuban American George Reyes, 53"
- Gallagher -
- Gallo -
- Garcia -
- Carolina Garcia Aguilera b.1949
- www.who2.com/anaisnin.html; Anais Nin was born in France of
Cuban parents, and was later a naturalized American Citizen
Enrique Touceda, American Malleable Iron Handbook, Rumford Press,
1944