A

• Pashto: د افغانستان اسلامي جمهوریت
• Dari/Persian: افغانستان – جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Albanian: Shqipëria – Republika e Shqipërise

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Arabic: الجزائر – الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Catalan: Andorra – Principat d’Andorra

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Portuguese: Angola – República de Angola

Widely recognized member of the UN. A separatist government in exile claims independence for Cabinda.

• English: Antigua and Barbuda

Widely recognized member of the UN. Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realm and has a division (dependency), Barbuda, with an autonomous status.

• Spanish: Argentina – República Argentina

Widely recognized member of the UN. Argentina is a federation divided into provinces and one federal district. Argentina also claims sovereignty over the British overseas territories of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.

• Armenian: Հայաստան – Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Australia – Commonwealth of Australia

Widely recognized member of the UN. Australia is a Commonwealth realm and a federation of states and territories. Australia has sovereignty over:

• Ashmore and Cartier Islands
• Coral Sea Islands
• Heard Island and McDonald Islands

Australia claims sovereignty over parts of Antarctica as:

• Australian Antarctic Territory

• German: Österreich – Republik Österreich

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. Austria is a federation divided into federal-states .

• Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan – Azərbaycan Respublikası

Widely recognized member of the UN. Azerbaijan has one autonomous republic, Nakhchivan and the autonomous region of Nagorno-Karabakh (Dağlıq Qarabağ,). In Nagorno-Karabakh, a de facto country in the de jure territory of Azerbaijan has been established.

B

• English: The Bahamas – Commonwealth of The Bahamas

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.

• Arabic: البحرين – مملكة البحرين

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Bengali: বাংলাদেশ – গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Barbados

Widely recognized member of the UN. Barbados is a Commonwealth realm.

• Belarusian: Беларусь – Рэспубліка Беларусь
• Russian: Беларусь / Белоруссия – Республика Беларусь

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Dutch: België – Koninkrijk België
• French: Belgique – Royaume de Belgique
• German: Belgien – Königreich Belgien

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. Belgium is a federation divided into linguistic communities and regions.

• English: Belize

Widely recognized member of the UN. Belize is a Commonwealth realm.

• French: Bénin – République du Bénin

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ་ - འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: Bolivia – Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia
• Quechua: Bulibiya – Bulibiya Mama Llaqta
• Aymara: Wuliwya – Wuliwya Suyu

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Bosnian and Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina
• Serbian: Босна и Херцеговина

Widely recognized member of the UN. As a result of the Dayton Agreement between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina is divided into two constituent entities:

• Tswana: Botswana – Lefatshe la Botswana
• English: Botswana – Republic of Botswana

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Portuguese: Brasil – República Federativa do Brasil

Widely recognized member of the UN. Brazil is a federation divided into 26 states and one federal district.

• Malay: Brunei – Negara Brunei Darussalam

Widely recognized member of the UN. Brunei claims sovereignty over part of the Spratly Islands.

• Bulgarian: България – Република България

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• French: Burkina Faso

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Burmese: ဴမြန်မာပြည် — ျပည္ေတာင္စုၿမန္မာႏိုင္ငံေတာ္

Widely recognized member of the UN

• Kirundi: Uburundi – Republika y'Uburundi
• French: Burundi – République du Burundi

Widely recognized member of the UN.

C

• Khmer: កម្ពុជា - ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រ កម្ពុជា

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Cameroun – République du Cameroun
• English: Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English and French: Canada

Widely recognized member of the UN. Canada is a Commonwealth realm and a federation divided into provinces and territories.

• Portuguese: Cabo Verde – República de Cabo Verde

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: République Centrafricaine
• Sango: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Tchad – République du Tchad
• Arabic: تشاد – جمهوريّة تشاد

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: Chile – República de Chile

Widely recognized member of the UN. Easter Island and the Juan Fernández Islands are "special territories" of Chile. The Desventuradas Islands and Isla Salas y Gómez are part of the Valparaíso Region.

• Chinese: 中国 – 中华人民共和国

Widely recognized member of the UN. Commonly known as China, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has five autonomous regions: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Tibet. Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of:

• Taiwan and associated islands, Kinmen, Matsu, the Pratas and Itu Aba, which are governed by the Republic of China (which claims sovereignty over the whole of China).
• The Paracel Islands (disputed by the ROC and Vietnam).
• The Spratly Islands (disputed by the ROC, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia and Brunei).
• Part of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. Aksai Chin, controlled by the PRC, is claimed by India as a part of Jammu and Kashmir. Tibet and East Turkestan have separatist governments in exile.

• Spanish: Colombia – República de Colombia

Widely recognized member of the UN. Colombia is an independent republic with 31 departments (including the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina) and one capital district (Bogotá).

• Comorian: Komori – Udzima wa Komori
• French: Comores – Union des Comores
• Arabic: القمر – اتحاد القمر

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Comoros is a federation with autonomous islands. The Comoros dispute the French sovereignty over Mayotte and the Glorioso Islands.

• French: Congo – République Démocratique du Congo

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Congo – République du Congo

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: Costa Rica – República de Costa Rica

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Côte d'Ivoire – République de Côte d'Ivoire

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Croatian: Hrvatska – Republika Hrvatska

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: Cuba – República de Cuba

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Cuban area of Guantánamo Bay is, along with the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, under the permanent control (with no claim of sovereignty) of the United States, which pays rent under terms of the Cuban-American Treaty of 1903.

• Greek: Κύπρος – Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία
• Turkish: Kıbrıs – Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. See Northern Cyprus for the de facto state in the de jure territory of Cyprus.

• Czech: Česko – Česká republika

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

D

• Danish: Danmark – Kongeriget Danmark

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

The Kingdom of Denmark also includes two autonomous areas.

• (Føroyar/Færøerne)
• (Kalaallit Nunaat/Grønland)

• French: Djibouti – République de Djibouti
• Arabic: جيبوتي – جمهورية جيبوتي

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: República Dominicana

Widely recognized member of the UN.

E

• Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e – Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e
• Portuguese: Timor-Leste – República Democrática de Timor-Leste

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: Ecuador – República del Ecuador

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Arabic: مصر – جمهوريّة مصرالعربيّة

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: El Salvador – República de El Salvador

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial – República de Guinea Ecuatorial
• French: Guinée Équatoriale – République de Guinée Équatoriale
• Portuguese: Guiné Equatorial – República da Guiné Equatorial

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Tigrinya: ኤርትራ – ሃግሬ ኤርትራ

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Estonian: Eesti – Eesti Vabariik

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ – የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ

Widely recognized member of the UN. Ethiopia is a federation divided into regions and chartered cities.

F

• Fijian: Viti – Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti
• English: Fiji – Republic of the Fiji Islands
• Hindustani: फ़िजी / فِجی – फ़िजी गणराज्य / فِجی رپبلک

Widely recognized member of the UN. Fiji has an autonomous region (dependency), Rotuma.

• Finnish: Suomi – Suomen tasavalta
• Swedish: Finland – Republiken Finland

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• is a neutral and demilitarised autonomous region of Finland.

• French: France – République française

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. The French overseas regions/departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion) are legally part of France and France possesses the uninhabited Clipperton Island. French sovereignty also includes the overseas territories of:

• (Polynésie française)
• (disputed by Comoros)
• (Nouvelle-Calédonie)
• (Saint-Martin)
• (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon)
• (Wallis-et-Futuna)
• (Terres australes et antarctiques françaises, uninhabited). It includes the Antarctic claim of Adélie Land.

French sovereignty over Bassas da India, Europa Island and Juan de Nova Island is disputed by Madagascar, over Glorioso Islands by Madagascar, the Seychelles and the Comoros, and over Tromelin Island by Mauritius and the Seychelles.

G

• French: Gabon – République Gabonaise

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: The Gambia – Republic of The Gambia

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Georgian: საქართველო

Widely recognized member of the UN. Georgia has two divisions with autonomous statuses:

• German: Deutschland – Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. Germany is a federation divided into states .

• English: Ghana – Republic of Ghana

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Greek: Ελλάδα – Ελληνική Δημοκρατία

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. Greece has sovereignty over Mount Athos, an autonomous monastic state that is jointly governed by the multi-national "Holy Community" on the mountain and the Civil Governor appointed by the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and spiritually comes under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate.

• English: Grenada

Widely recognized member of the UN. Grenada is a Commonwealth realm.

• Spanish: Guatemala – República de Guatemala

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Guinée – République de Guinée

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Portuguese: Guiné-Bissau – República da Guiné-Bissau

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana

Widely recognized member of the UN.

H

• French: Haïti – République d'Haïti
• Haitian Creole: Ayiti – Repiblik dAyiti

Widely recognized member of the UN. Haiti claims the uninhabited United States possession of Navassa Island.

• Spanish: Honduras – República de Honduras

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Hungarian: Magyarország – Magyar Köztársaság

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

I

• Icelandic: Ísland – Lýðveldið Ísland

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Hindi: भारत – भारत गणराज्य
• English: India – Republic of India
• Assamese: ভাৰত - ভাৰত গণৰাজ্য
• Bengali: ভারত - ভারতীয় প্রজাতন্ত্র
• Bhojpuri: भारत - भारत गणराज्य
• Gujarati: ભારત - ભારતીય પ્રજાસત્તાક
• Kannada : ಭಾರತ - ಭಾರತ ಗಣರಾಜ್ಯ
• Kashmiri: ہِندوستان
• Konkani: भारत - भारत गणराज्य
• Malayalam: ഭാരതം - ഭാരത ഗണരാജ്യം
• Meitei Manipuri: ভারত - ভারত গণরাজ্য
• Marathi: भारत - भारतीय प्रजासत्ताक
• Nepali: भारत - भारत गणराज्य
• Oriya: ଭାରତ - ଭାରତ ଗଣରାଜ୍ଯ
• Punjabi: ਭਾਰਤ - ਭਾਰਤ ਗਣਤੰਤਰ
• Sanskrit: भारतम् - भारत गणराज्यम्
• Sindhi: भारत गणराज्य, ڀارت، - هندستانڀارت، भारत ڀارت،
• Tamil: இந்தியா - இந்தியக் குடியரசு
• Telugu: భారత్ - భారత గణతంత్ర రాజ్యము
• Urdu: جمہوریہ بھارت - جمہوریہ بھارت

Widely recognized member of the UN. India is a federation divided into states and union territories. The Indian sovereignty over Arunachal Pradesh is disputed by the People's Republic of China. India claims sovereignty over all of Jammu and Kashmir and administers part of Kashmir.

• Indonesian: Indonesia – Republik Indonesia

Widely recognized member of the UN. Indonesia has five provinces with special status, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Yogyakarta Special Region, Papua, West Papua, and Jakarta Special Capital Region. Separatist governments in exile claim independence for the Republic of the South Moluccas and the Republic of West Papua.

• Persian: ایران – جمهوری اسلامی ایران

Widely recognized member of the UN. Divided into provinces and counties

• Arabic : العراق – جمهورية العراق
• Kurdish: عێراق – كۆماری عێراق

Widely recognized member of the UN. Iraq's constitution labels the country as a federation divided into regions, governorates and the capital district. At present the only region is Iraqi Kurdistan.

• Irish: Éire
• English: Ireland

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Hebrew: ישראל – מדינת ישראל
• Arabic: اسرائيل – دولة اسرائيل

Widely recognized member of the UN. Israel occupies East Jerusalem, the Golan Heights and parts of the West Bank. These areas are not internationally recognized as being part of Israel. Israel no longer has a permanent military presence in the Gaza Strip, following its unilateral disengagement but is still the occupying power under International law, though this status is disputed. For more information, see also: Palestinian National Authority.

• Italian: Italia – Repubblica Italiana

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. Italy has autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.

J

• English: Jamaica

Widely recognized member of the UN. Jamaica is a Commonwealth realm.

• Japanese: 日本 – 日本国

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Arabic: الاردن – المملكة الأردنّيّة الهاشميّة

Widely recognized member of the UN.

K

• Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы/Qazaqstan Respwblïkası
• Russian: Республика Казахстан/Respublika Kazakhstan
• Ukrainian: Казахстан - Республіка Казахстан
• German: Kasachstan - Republik Kasachstan

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Kenya – Republic of Kenya
• Swahili: Kenya – Jamhuri ya Kenya

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Gilbertese: Kiribati – Ribaberikin Kiribati
• English: Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Korean: 조선 – 조선민주주의인민공화국

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Korean: 한국 – 대한민국

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Arabic: الكويت – دولة الكويت

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан – Кыргыз Республикасы
• Russian: Кыргызстан – Кыргызская республика

Widely recognized member of the UN.

L

• Lao: ນລາວ – ສາທາລະນະລັດປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Latvian: Latvija – Latvijas Republika

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Arabic: لبنان – الجمهوريّة اللبنانيّة
• French: République libanaise

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho
• Sotho: Lesotho – Mmuso wa Lesotho

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Liberia – Republic of Liberia

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Arabic: ليبيا – الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• German: Liechtenstein – Fürstentum Liechtenstein

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Lithuanian: Lietuva – Lietuvos Respublika

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg – Groussherzogdem Lëtzebuerg
• French: Luxembourg – Grand-Duché du Luxembourg
• German: Luxemburg – Großherzogtum Luxemburg

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

M

• Macedonian: Македонија – Република Македонија

Widely recognized member of the UN, provisionally referred to by many international organisations and some countries as the "former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", see Macedonia naming dispute.

• Malagasy: Madagasikara – Repoblikan'i Madagasikara
• French: Madagascar – Republique de Madagascar

Widely recognized member of the UN. Madagascar claims the French possessions of the Glorioso Islands and Juan de Nova Island.

• English: Malawi – Republic of Malawi
• Chewa: Malaŵi – Mfuko la Malaŵi

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Malaysia - Federation of Malaysia
• Malay: Malaysia - Persekutuan Malaysia
• Chinese: 马来西亚 - Mă Lái Xī Yà
• Tamil: மலேசியா

Widely recognized member of the UN. Malaysia is a federation divided into states and federal territories. Malaysia claims part of the Spratly Islands.

• Dhivehi: ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Mali – République du Mali

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Maltese: Malta – Repubblika ta' Malta
• English: Malta – Republic of Malta

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Marshallese: Aorōkin M̧ajeļ – Aolepān Aorōkin M̧ajeļ
• English: Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands

Widely recognized member of the UN under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Marshall Islands claim the United States territory of Wake Island.

• Arabic: موريتانيا – الجمهورية الإسلامية الموريتانية
• French: Mauritanie – République Islamique de la Mauritanie

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius

Widely recognized member of the UN. Mauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues. Mauritius claims the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French island of Tromelin.

• Spanish: México – Estados Unidos Mexicanos

Widely recognized member of the UN. Mexico is a federation divided into 31 states and one federal district.

• English: Micronesia – Federated States of Micronesia

Widely recognized member of the UN under Compact of Free Association with the United States. Micronesia is a federation divided into states.

• Romanian: Moldova – Republica Moldova

Widely recognized member of the UN. See Transnistria for the de facto state inside the de jure territory of Moldova.

• French: Monaco – Principauté de Monaco
• Monegasque: Múnegu – Principatu de Múnegu
• Italian: Monaco - Principato di Monaco

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Mongolian: Монгол Улс

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Montenegrian: Црна Гора

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Arabic: المغرب – المملكة المغربية

Widely recognized member of the UN. Morocco claims sovereignty over the Western Sahara and controls most of it, which is disputed by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. Morocco disputes the Spanish sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas.

• Portuguese: Moçambique – República de Moçambique

Widely recognized member of the UN.

N

• English: Namibia – Republic of Namibia

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Nauruan: Naoero – Ripublik Naoero
• English: Nauru – Republic of Nauru

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Nepali: नेपाल – संघिय लोकतन्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Dutch: Nederland – Koninkrijk der Nederlanden
• Papiamentu: Hulanda (or Ulanda) - Reino di Hulanda
• English Netherlands - Kingdom of the Netherlands

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of three countries which each enjoy a great amount of autonomy:

• English: New Zealand
• Māori: Aotearoa

Widely recognized member of the UN. New Zealand is a Commonwealth realm and has responsibilities for the two free associated states of:

• . The Cook Islands have received some diplomatic recognition
• . Niue established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China in 2007, while New Zealand has responsibility for Niue's external affairs.

• Ross Dependency

• Spanish: Nicaragua – República de Nicaragua

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Niger – République du Niger

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria
• Hausa: Najeriya - Kasar Najeriya
• Yorùbá: Naìjírìà - Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira Àpapọ̀ Ilẹ̀ Naìjírìà
• Igbo: Naigeria - Republic ndi Naigeria

Widely recognized member of the UN. Nigeria is a federation divided into 36 states and one federal territory.

• Norwegian: Norge – Kongeriket Norge

Widely recognized member of the UN. Svalbard is an integral part of Norway, but has a special status due to the Spitsbergen Treaty. The overseas uninhabited possessions of Bouvet Island and Jan Mayen are integral parts of Norway. The Norwegian claim of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land (Antarctica) as part of Norway is suspended.

O

• Arabic: عُمان – سلطنة عُمان

Widely recognized member of the UN.

P

• Urdu: پاکستان – اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان
• English: Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Widely recognized member of the UN. Pakistan is a federation divided into provinces and territories. Pakistan claims sovereignty over and administers part of Kashmir.

• Palauan: Belau – Beluu er a Belau
• English: Palau – Republic of Palau

Widely recognized member of the UN under Compact of Free Association with the United States.

• Spanish: Panamá – República de Panamá

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea
• Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini – Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini

Widely recognized member of the UN. Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realm and also has the autonomous Region of Bougainville.

• Spanish: Paraguay – República del Paraguay
• Guarani: Paraguái – Tetã Paraguái

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: Perú – República del Perú

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Filipino: Pilipinas – Republika ng Pilipinas
• English: Philippines – Republic of the Philippines
• Spanish: Filipinas - República de Filipinas

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Philippines has the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. The Philippines administers Scarborough Shoal and most of the Kalayaan Islands and claims sovereignty over Macclesfield Bank and Sabah. Sabah is currently administered by Malaysia.

• Polish: Polska – Rzeczpospolita Polska

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Portuguese: Portugal – República Portuguesa
• Mirandese: Pertual – República Pertuesa

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. Portugal has two autonomous regions:

Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over:

• Olivenza
• Táliga

Q

• Arabic: قطر – دولة قطر

Widely recognized member of the UN.

R

• Romanian: România
• Hungarian: Románia

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Russian: Россия – Российская Федерация

Widely recognized member of the UN. Russia is a federation divided into Subjects of Russia (oblasts, republics, autonomous okrugs, krays, and federal cities).
Several of the federal subjects are republics acting as ethnic autonomies:

• KinyaRwanda: Rwanda – Repubulika y'u Rwanda
• French: Rwanda – République du Rwanda
• English: Rwanda – Republic of Rwanda

Widely recognized member of the UN.

S

• English: Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis

Widely recognized member of the UN. Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth realm and is a federation of the islands.

• English: Saint Lucia

Widely recognized member of the UN. Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.

• English: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Widely recognized member of the UN. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth realm.

• Samoan: Sāmoa – Mālo Tuto'atasi o Sāmoa
• English: Samoa – Independent State of Samoa

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Italian: San Marino – Repubblica di San Marino

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Portuguese: São Tomé e Príncipe – República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe

Widely recognized member of the UN. São Tomé and Príncipe has an autonomous province, Príncipe.

• Arabic: السعودية – المملكة العربيّة السّعوديّة

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Sénégal – République du Sénégal

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Serbian: Србија – Република Србија
• Hungarian: Szerbia – Szerb Köztársaság

Widely recognized member of the UN. Serbia considers itself to have two autonomous provinces, though most of Kosovo is under the de facto control of the Republic of Kosovo, which does not have general recognition.

• Kosovo and Metohija

• English: Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles
• French: Seychelles – République des Seychelles
• Seselwa: Sesel - Repiblik Sesel

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Seychelles claim the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French Glorioso Islands and Tromelin Island.

• English: Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Singapore – Republic of Singapore
• Malay: Singapura – Republik Singapura
• Chinese: 新加坡 – 新加坡共和国
• Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் – சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Slovak: Slovensko – Slovenská republika
• Hungarian: Szlovákia - Szlovák Köztársaság

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• Slovenian: Slovenija – Republika Slovenija
• Italian: Slovenia - Repubblica slovena
• Hungarian: Szlovénia – a Szlovén Köztársaság

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• English: Solomon Islands

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm.

• Somali: Soomaaliya – Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya
• Arabic: الصومال – جمهورية الصومال

Widely recognized member of the UN. Somalia is presently fragmented with its Transitional National Government. Somalia disputed the Yemenite sovereignty over Socotra. See Somaliland for the de facto country inside the de jure territory of Somalia.

• English: South Africa – Republic of South Africa
• Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika – Republiek van Suid-Afrika
• Xhosa: Mzantsi Afrika – IRiphabliki yaseMzantsi Afrika
• Zulu: Ningizimu Afrika – IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika
• Southern Ndebele: Sewula Afrika – IRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika
• Northern Sotho: Afrika-Borwa – Rephaboliki ya Afrika-Borwa
• Sotho: Afrika Borwa – Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa
• Tswana: Aforika Borwa – Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa
• Swati: Ningizimu Afrika – IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika
• Venda: Afurika Tshipembe – Riphabuḽiki ya Afurika Tshipembe
• Tsonga: Afrika Dzonga – Riphabliki ra Afrika Dzonga

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Spanish: España – Reino de España
• Catalan: Espanya – Regne d'Espanya
• Occitan: Espanha – Reialme d'Espanha
• Basque: Espainia – Espainiako Erresuma
• Galician: España – Reino de España

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. Spain is divided into autonomous communities and cities. The sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas is disputed by Morocco. The sovereignty over Olivenza and Táliga is disputed by Portugal. Spain disputes the British sovereignty over Gibraltar.

• Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා – ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය
• Tamil: இலங்கை – இலங்கை ஜனநாயக சமத்துவ குடியரசு

Widely recognized member of the UN. Located on the better-known Island of Ceylon.

• Arabic: السودان – جمهورية السودان
• English: Sudan – Republic of the Sudan

Widely recognized member of the UN. Sudan is a federation divided into states and has one autonomous region, Southern Sudan, formed out of the Southern Sudanese states.

• Dutch: Suriname – Republiek Suriname

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Swaziland – Kingdom of Swaziland
• Swati: eSwatini – Umbuso weSwatini

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Swedish: Sverige – Konungariket Sverige

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.

• German: Schweiz – Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft
• French: Suisse – Confédération Suisse
• Italian: Svizzera – Confederazione Svizzera
• Raeto-Romance: Svizra – Confederaziun Svizra
• Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica

Widely recognized member of the UN. Switzerland is a federation divided into cantons.

• Arabic: سورية – الجمهوريّة العربيّة السّوريّة

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Golan Heights are annexed by Israel. Syria disputed the Turkish sovereignty over Hatay Province.

T

• Tajik: Тоҷикистон – Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон

Widely recognized member of the UN. Tajikistan also has the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.

• Swahili: Tanzania – Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania
• English: Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania

Widely recognized member of the UN. Tanzania is a federacy with an autonomous status for Zanzibar.

• Thai: ประเทศไทย – ราชอาณาจักรไทย

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• French: Togo – République Togolaise

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Tongan: Tonga – Pule'anga Fakatu'i 'o Tonga
• English: Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Widely recognized member of the UN. Trinidad and Tobago has an autonomous island, Tobago.

• Arabic: تونس – الجمهورية التونسية
• French: Tunisie - République du Tunisie

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Turkish: Türkiye – Türkiye Cumhuriyeti

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Turkmenian: Türkmenistan

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Tuvaluan and English: Tuvalu

Widely recognized member of the UN. Tuvalu is a Commonwealth realm.

U

• English: Uganda – Republic of Uganda
• Swahili: Uganda – Jamhuri ya Uganda

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Ukrainian: Україна

Widely recognized member of the UN. Ukraine has one autonomous republic:

• Arabic: دولة الإمارات العربيّة المتّحدة

Widely recognized member of the UN. The United Arab Emirates is a federation divided into emirates.

• English: United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
• Welsh: Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon
• Scottish Gaelic: An Rìoghachd Aonaichte na Breatainn Mhòr agus Èirinn a Tuath
• Irish: Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann
• Scots: Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Northren Ireland
• Cornish: Ruwvaneth Unys Breten Veur hag Iwerdhon Gledh

Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU. The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realm divided into four parts. The United Kingdom has the following overseas territories:

• Akrotiri and Dhekelia
• (disputed by Mauritius and the Seychelles)
• (disputed by Argentina)
• (disputed by Spain)
• (disputed by Argentina)
• (disputed)

• , with three dependencies:

• English: United States – United States of America

Widely recognized member of the UN. The United States is a federation divided into 50 states, one federal district, and one incorporated territory (Palmyra Atoll). The United States has sovereignty over the following inhabited possessions and commonwealths:

In addition, there are uninhabited possessions of the United States in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea: Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Petrel Islands (disputed with Colombia and Jamaica), Serranilla Bank (disputed with Colombia), Wake Island (somewhat disputed by the Marshall Islands) as well as Navassa Island (disputed by Haiti).

• Spanish: Uruguay – República Oriental del Uruguay

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Uzbek: Ўзбекистон – Ўзбекистон Республикаси

Widely recognized member of the UN. Uzbekistan has one autonomous republic:

V

• Bislama: Vanuatu – Ripablik blong Vanuatu
• English: Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu
• French: Vanuatu – République du Vanuatu

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Latin: Civitas Vaticana – Status Civitatis Vaticanæ
• Italian: Città del Vaticano – Stato della Città del Vaticano

Widely recognized country. The Holy See, a sovereign entity recognized by 176 countries, administers the territory of Vatican City; the Holy See is a permanent observer of the UN. Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, with the latter being the Bishop of the Archdiocese of Rome and therefore, ex officio sovereign of Vatican City. The Holy See also administers a number of extraterritorial properties in Italy and in many other countries (Apostolic Nunciatures).

• Spanish: Venezuela – República Bolivariana de Venezuela

Widely recognized member of the UN. Venezuela is a federation divided into states, one federal dependency and one federal district.

• Vietnamese: Việt Nam – Cộng hòa Xã hội Chủ nghĩa Việt Nam

Widely recognized member of the UN. Vietnam claims sovereignty over the Paracel and Spratly Islands.

W

X

Y

• Arabic: اليمن – الجمهوريّة اليمنية

Widely recognized member of the UN. The Yemenite sovereignty over Socotra is disputed by Somalia.

Z

• English: Zambia – Republic of Zambia

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• English: Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe

Widely recognized member of the UN.

• Abkhaz: Аҧсны – Аҧснытәи Республика
• Russian: Aбхазия – Республика Абхазия

De facto independent state only recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Venezuela, South Ossetia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.

• Albanian: Kosovës – Republika e Kosovës
• Serbian: Косово – Република Косово

De facto independent state that is recognised by   UN member states and by the Republic of China. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Serbia as part of its Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. In turn, the Republic of Kosovo claims the part of Kosovo controlled by the Republic of Serbia and still administered by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK).

• Armenian: Լեռնային Ղարաբաղ – Լեռնային Ղարաբաղի Հանրապետություն

De facto independent state that has not been diplomatically recognized by any other state. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Azerbaijan.

• Turkish: Kuzey Kıbrıs – Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti

De facto independent state that is recognised only by Turkey. It was accepted as an observer state of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference under the name of the Turkish Cypriot State since 1979. In addition, the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic regards TRNC as sovereign but Azerbaijan (the sovereign state that Nakhichevan belongs to) has not followed suit. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.

• Arabic: فلسطين

 Palestine has observer status at United Nations General Assembly and maintains a permanent observer mission at the UN Headquarters The declared State of Palestine is recognized by more than 100 countries, though with varying territorial borders, or even none. In foreign relations, the State of Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization. The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited control over parts of the West Bank, the rest of which is controlled by Israel, while the Gaza Strip is controlled by Hamas.

• Arabic: الجمهورية العربية الصحراوية الديمقراطية

De facto independent state recognized by 46 other states. It is a member of the African Union and the Asian-African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian-African Conference. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of the Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Algeria.

• Somali: Soomaaliland – Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland
• Arabic: ارض الصومال – جمهورية ارض الصومال

De facto independent state not diplomatically recognized by any other state, claimed in whole by the Somali Republic.

• Ossetian: Хуссар Ирыстон – Республикæ Хуссар Ирыстон
• Russian: Южная Осетия – Республика Южная Осетия

De facto independent state only recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Abkhazia and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.

• Chinese: 中華民國

A state competing for recognition with the People's Republic of China as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China controls the island of Taiwan and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas, and part of the Spratly Islands and has not renounced claims over the territory of the PRC and Mongolia. The Republic of China is currently recognised by   including the Holy See. The territory of the Republic of China is claimed in whole by the People's Republic of China. The Republic of China participates in the World Health Organization and a number of non-UN international organizations such as the World Trade Organization, International Olympic Committee and others under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly  .

• Russian: Приднестровье: Приднестровская Молдавская Республика
• Ukrainian: Придністров'я: Придністровська Молдавська Республіка
• Romanian: Нистря: Република Молдовеняскэ Нистрянэ

De facto independent state, recognized only by Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Claimed in whole by the Republic of Moldova as the Territorial Unit of Transnistria.