The table below lists the 100 largest municipalities in Canada by population, using data from the Canada 2006 census for census subdivisions.

This list includes only the population within a municipality's boundaries as defined at the time of the census. Many municipalities are part of a larger census metropolitan area or census agglomeration. For their ranking, see the list of the 100 largest metropolitan areas in Canada.

List

Rank	Municipality	Province	Type	Population 2006	Population 2001	Population 1996	% change 1996–2006
1	Toronto	Ontario	city	2,503,281	2,481,494	2,385,421	4.9
2	Montreal	Quebec	ville	1,620,693	1,583,590	1,547,030	4.8
3	Calgary	Alberta	city	988,193	879,003	768,082	28.7
4	Ottawa	Ontario	city	812,129	774,072	721,136	12.6
5	Edmonton	Alberta	city	730,372	666,104	616,306	18.5
6	Mississauga	Ontario	city	668,549	612,000	544,382	22.8
7	Winnipeg	Manitoba	city	633,451	619,544	618,477	2.4
8	Vancouver	British Columbia	city	578,041	545,671	514,008	12.5
9	Hamilton	Ontario	city	504,559	490,268	467,799	7.9
10	Quebec City	Quebec	ville	491,142	476,330	467,728	5.0
11	Brampton	Ontario	city	433,806	325,428	268,251	61.7
12	Surrey	British Columbia	city	394,976	347,820	304,477	29.7
13	Halifax	Nova Scotia	regional municipality	372,679	359,111	342,851	8.7
14	Laval	Quebec	ville	368,709	343,005	330,393	11.6
15	London	Ontario	city	352,395	336,539	325,669	8.2
16	Markham	Ontario	town	261,573	208,615	173,383	50.9
17	Gatineau	Quebec	ville	242,124	226,696	217,591	11.2
18	Vaughan	Ontario	city	238,866	182,022	132,549	80.2
19	Longueuil	Quebec	ville	229,330	225,761	225,722	1.6
20	Windsor	Ontario	city	216,473	209,218	197,694	9.5
21	Kitchener	Ontario	city	204,668	190,399	178,420	14.7
22	Burnaby	British Columbia	city	202,799	193,954	179,209	13.2
23	Saskatoon	Saskatchewan	city	202,340	196,861	193,653	4.5
24	Regina	Saskatchewan	city	179,246	178,225	180,404	−0.6
25	Richmond	British Columbia	city	174,461	164,345	148,867	17.2
26	Oakville	Ontario	town	165,613	144,738	128,405	29.0
27	Burlington	Ontario	city	164,415	150,836	136,976	20.0
28	Richmond Hill	Ontario	town	162,704	132,030	101,725	60.0
29	Greater Sudbury	Ontario	city	157,857	155,219	165,336	−4.5
30	Sherbrooke	Quebec	ville	147,427	138,785	136,883	7.7
31	Saguenay	Quebec	ville	143,692	147,133	152,811	−6.0
32	Oshawa	Ontario	city	141,590	139,051	134,464	5.3
33	St. Catharines	Ontario	city	131,989	129,170	130,926	0.8
34	Lévis	Quebec	ville	130,006	121,999	103,750	25.3
35	Barrie	Ontario	city	128,430	103,710	79,191	62.1
36	Trois-Rivières	Quebec	ville	126,323	122,395	124,417	1.5
37	Abbotsford	British Columbia	city	123,864	115,494	105,403	17.5
38	Cambridge	Ontario	city	120,371	110,372	101,429	18.7
39	Kingston	Ontario	city	117,207	114,195	112,605	4.1
40	Guelph	Ontario	city	114,943	106,170	95,821	20.0
41	Coquitlam	British Columbia	city	114,565	112,890	101,820	12.5
42	Whitby	Ontario	town	111,184	87,413	73,794	50.7
43	Thunder Bay	Ontario	city	109,140	109,016	113,662	−4.0
44	Saanich	British Columbia	district municipality	108,265	103,654	101,388	6.8
45	Chatham-Kent	Ontario	municipality	108,177	107,341	109,950	−1.6
46	Kelowna	British Columbia	city	106,707	96,288	89,442	19.3
47	Cape Breton	Nova Scotia	regional municipality	102,250	105,968	114,733	−10.9
48	St. John's	Newfoundland and Labrador	city	100,646	99,182	101,936	−1.3
49	Waterloo	Ontario	city	97,475	86,543	77,949	25.1
50	Delta	British Columbia	district municipality	96,723	96,950	95,411	1.4
51	Terrebonne	Quebec	ville	94,703	80,536	75,116	26.1
52	Langley	British Columbia	district municipality	93,726	86,896	80,179	16.9
53	Brantford	Ontario	city	90,192	86,417	86,417	4.4
54	Ajax	Ontario	town	90,167	73,753	64,430	40.0
55	Pickering	Ontario	city	87,838	87,139	78,989	11.3
56	Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu	Quebec	ville	87,492	79,600	76,461	14.4
57	Red Deer	Alberta	city	82,772	67,829	60,080	37.8
58	North Vancouver	British Columbia	district municipality	82,562	82,310	80,418	2.7
59	Strathcona	Alberta	special municipality	82,511	71,986	64,176	28.6
60	Niagara Falls	Ontario	city	82,184	78,815	76,917	6.8
61	Kamloops	British Columbia	city	80,376	77,281	76,394	5.2
62	Nanaimo	British Columbia	city	78,692	73,000	70,130	12.2
63	Victoria	British Columbia	city	78,057	74,125	73,405	6.3
64	Clarington	Ontario	municipality	77,820	69,834	60,615	28.3
65	Repentigny	Quebec	ville	76,237	72,218	70,677	7.9
66	Sault Ste. Marie	Ontario	city	74,948	74,566	80,054	−6.4
67	Peterborough	Ontario	city	74,898	71,446	69,742	7.4
68	Lethbridge	Alberta	city	74,637	67,374	63,053	18.4
69	Kawartha Lakes	Ontario	city	74,561	69,179	67,926	9.8
70	Newmarket	Ontario	town	74,295	65,788	57,125	30.0
71	Sarnia	Ontario	city	71,419	70,876	72,738	−1.8
72	Brossard	Quebec	ville	71,154	65,026	65,927	7.9
73	Prince George	British Columbia	city	70,981	72,406	75,510	−6.0
74	Chilliwack	British Columbia	city	69,217	62,567	60,186	15.0
75	Maple Ridge	British Columbia	district municipality	68,949	63,169	56,173	22.7
76	Saint John	New Brunswick	city	68,043	69,661	72,494	−6.1
77	Drummondville	Quebec	ville	67,392	63,029	58,588	15.0
78	Moncton	New Brunswick	city	64,128	61,046	59,313	8.1
79	Saint-Jérôme	Quebec	ville	63,729	59,614	59,533	7.0
80	Norfolk County	Ontario	city	62,563	60,847	60,534	3.4
81	New Westminster	British Columbia	city	58,549	54,656	49,350	18.6
82	St. Albert	Alberta	city	57,719	53,081	46,888	23.1
83	Caledon	Ontario	town	57,050	50,605	39,893	43.0
84	Medicine Hat	Alberta	city	56,997	51,249	46,783	21.8
85	Halton Hills	Ontario	town	55,289	48,184	42,390	30.4
86	North Bay	Ontario	city	53,966	52,771	54,332	−0.7
87	Milton	Ontario	town	53,939	31,471	32,104	68.0
88	Port Coquitlam	British Columbia	city	52,687	51,257	46,682	12.9
89	Shawinigan	Quebec	ville	51,904	52,040	56,721	−8.5
90	Saint-Hyacinthe	Quebec	ville	51,616	50,394	50,027	3.2
91	Wood Buffalo	Alberta	regional municipality	51,496	41,445	35,213	61.9
92	Fredericton	New Brunswick	city	50,535	47,580	46,507	8.7
93	Welland	Ontario	city	50,331	48,402	48,411	4.0
94	Dollard-des-Ormeaux	Quebec	ville	48,930	48,206	47,826	2.3
95	Belleville	Ontario	city	48,821	46,029	46,195	5.7
96	Granby	Quebec	ville	47,637	44,121	43,316	10.0
97	Aurora	Ontario	town	47,629	40,167	34,857	36.6
98	Grande Prairie	Alberta	city	47,076	36,983	31,353	50.1
99	Blainville	Quebec	ville	46,493	36,029	29,603	57.1
100	Cornwall	Ontario	city	45,965	45,640	47,403	−3.0

Shown above, over half of the 100 largest Canadian municipalities are located in one of the two largest provinces – Ontario and Quebec. Very few are listed as being in one of the Atlantic Provinces – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador, as well as the Prairie Provinces – Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta. There are none listed in the Territories – Nunavut, Northwest Territories, and Yukon. The last province, with an average (relatively) amount of cities listed, is British Columbia.

Most growth 2001–2006

Census Division	2006 Population	% vs 2001
Chestermere, Alberta (Town)	9,564	148.0
Milton, Ontario (Town)	53,939	71.4
Okotoks, Alberta (Town)	17,145	46.7
Airdrie, Alberta (City)	28,927	41.8
Greater Vancouver A, British Columbia (Regional District Electoral Area)	11,050	37.5
Sylvan Lake, Alberta (Town)	10,208	36.1
Cantley, Quebec (Municipalité)	7,926	34.4
Saint-Colomban, Quebec (Paroisse)	10,136	34.8
Strathmore, Alberta (Town)	10,225	34.2
Brampton, Ontario (City)	433,806	33.3
Saint-Lazare, Quebec (Ville)	17,016	32.0
Saint-Philippe, Quebec (Municipalité)	5,121	31.6
McMasterville, Quebec (Municipalité)	5,234	31.4
Vaughan, Ontario (City)	238,866	31.2
Paradise, Newfoundland and Labrador (Town)	12,584	31.1
Vaudreuil-Dorion, Quebec (City)	25,789	29.5
Sainte-Marthe-sur-le-Lac, Quebec (Ville)	11,311	29.4
Blainville, Quebec (Ville)	46,493	29.0
Stony Plain, Alberta (Town)	12,363	28.5
Beaumont, Alberta (Town)	8,961	27.9

Greatest decline 2001–2006

Census Division	2006 Population	% vs 2001
Kitimat, British Columbia (District Municipality)	8,987	−12.6
Prince Rupert, British Columbia (City)	12,815	−12.5
Cariboo A, British Columbia (Regional District Electoral Area)	5,859	−8.9
Crowsnest Pass, Alberta (Town)	5,749	−8.2
Marystown, Newfoundland and Labrador (Town)	5,436	−8.0
Kapuskasing, Ontario (Town)	8,509	−7.9
Kenora, Unorganized, Ontario (Unorganized)	7,041	−7.7
Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador (Town)	6,588	−7.3
Quesnel, British Columbia (City)	9,326	−7.1
Bulkley-Nechako Regional District, British Columbia (Regional District Electoral Area)	5,290	−7.1
Inverness, Subdivision B, Nova Scotia (Sub. of County Municipality)	5,369	−6.9
Flin Flon, Manitoba (City)	5,594	−6.8
Melfort, Saskatchewan (City)	5,192	−6.6
Labrador City, Newfoundland and Labrador (Town)	7,240	−6.5
Algoma, Unorganized, North Part, Ontario (Unorganized)	5,717	−6.5
Terrace, British Columbia (City)	11,320	−6.5
Bathurst, New Brunswick (Parish)	5,144	−6.4
Alnwick, New Brunswick (Parish)	6,152	−6.3
Banff, Alberta (Town)	6,700	−6.1
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia (Town)	7,162	−5.3

• Populations shown for 2001 and 1996 are what the populations would have been if the municipal boundaries were as defined in 2006. Because of mergers and demergers, these numbers may be different from the populations for the municipalities as their boundaries were actually defined in those years.
• These are only city proper populations; suburbs outside city limits are not included.
• Quebec municipal classifications such as "Ville" have not been translated, because they do not directly correspond to the meaning generally understood by their English translations. Translating to "City" would be inaccurate.
• Some municipalities calculate their populations differently than Statistics Canada. For example, Statistics Canada does not count post-secondary students in the municipality where they are attending school, yet those municipalities may count them.

References

1. Population and dwelling counts, for Canada and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data