This is a list of weather records, a list of the most extreme occurrences of weather phenomena for various categories. Each of these is understood to be the record value officially observed, as these records may have been exceeded before modern weather instrumentation was invented, or in remote areas without an official weather station.

Heat

Highest temperature ever recorded

	Temperature	Location	Date
Africa/On Earth†	57.8 °C (136 °F)	Al 'Aziziyah, Libya	1922-09-13
South Africa	51.7 °C (125.1 °F)	Kalahari near Upington, South Africa	1948
North America	56.7 °C (134 °F)	Death Valley, California, USA	1913-07-10
Mexico	56 °C (133 °F)	Altar, Sonora
Canada	45 °C (113 °F)	Midale and Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan	1937-07-05
Asia	53.9 °C (129 °F)	Tirat Tsvi, Israel	1942-06-21
Pakistan	52 °C (125 °F)	Sibbi, Baluchistan	2004-07-13
Saudi Arabia	51.1 °C (124 °F)	Dhahran	1956-08
Turkey	48.8 °C (119.8°F)	Mardin	1993-08-14
India	50.6 °C (123.1 °F)	Alwar	1956-05-10
Japan	40.9 °C (105.6 °F)	Kumagaya, Saitama / Tajimi, Gifu	2007-08-16 / 2007-08-16
Malaysia	40.1 °C (104.2 °F)	Chuping	1998-04-09
Oceania‡	50.7 °C (123 °F)	Oodnadatta, South Australia, Australia	1960-01-02
New Zealand	42.4 °C (108.3 °F)	Rangiora Jordan, Marlborough	1973-02-07
Europe	48.0 °C (118.4 °F)	Athens	1977-07-10
Austria	39.7 °C (103.5 °F)	Dellach im Drautal	1983-07-27
Belgium	38.8 °C (102 °F)	Uccle	1947-06-27
Croatia	42.8 °C (109 °F)	Ploče	1998-08-05
Czech Republic	40.2 °C (104.4 °F)	Prague-Uhříněves	1983-07-27
Denmark	36.4 °C (97.5 °F)	Holstebro, Midtjylland	1975-08-10
Estonia	35.6 °C (96.1 °F)	Võru	1992-08-11
Finland	35.9 °C (96.6 °F)	Turku	1914-07-09
France	44.1 °C (111.4 °F)	Saint-Christol-lès-Alès	2003-08-12
Germany	40.2 °C (104.4 °F)	Gärmersdorf bei Amberg / Karlsruhe & Freiburg	1983-07-27 / 2003-08-13
Greece	48.0 °C (118.4 °F)	Athens	1977-07-10
Hungary	41.9 °C (107.4 °F)	Kiskunhalas	2007-07-08
Iceland	30.5 °C (86.9 °F)	Teigarhorn, Djúpivogur	1939-06-22
Ireland	33.3 °C (91.9 °F)	Kilkenny Castle, County Kilkenny	1887-06-26
Italy	45.2 °C (108.5 °F)	Catania	1998-07-02
Lithuania	37.5 °C (99.5 °F)	Zarasai, Utena County	1994-07-30
Netherlands	38.6 °C (102 °F)	Warnsveld	1944-08-23
Norway	35.6 °C (96.1 °F)	Nesbyen, Buskerud	1970-06-20
Poland	40.2 °C (104.4 °F)	Prószków	1921-07-29
Portugal	47.4 °C (117.3 °F)	Amareleja, Beja	2003-08-01
Romania	44.5 °C (112.1 °F)	Ion Sion, Brăila County	1951-08-10
Serbia	45 °C (113 °F)	Belgrade	2007-07-23
Slovakia	40.3 °C (104.5 °F)	Hurbanovo	2007-07-20
Slovenia	40.6 °C (105.1 °F)	Črnomelj	1950-07-05
Spain	47.2 °C (116.9 °F)	Murcia	1994-07-04
Sweden	38.0 °C (100.4 °F)	Ultuna, Uppland / Målilla, Småland	1933-07-09 / 1947-06-29
Switzerland	41.5 °C (106.7 °F)	Grono, Locarno	2003-08-11
United Kingdom	38.5 °C (101.3 °F)	Brogdale, Kent	2003-08-10
South America	49.1 °C (120.4 °F)	Villa de María, Argentina	1920-01-02
Antarctica	14.6 °C (59 °F)	Vanda Station, Scott Coast	1974-01-05
South Pole base	−14.0 °C (7.5 °F)	South Pole	1978-12-27

^†There are a few reports of temperatures higher than this during phenomena known as heat bursts, including a report of an incredible 87 °C (188 °F) in Abadan, Iran in June 1967. These temperatures have never been confirmed, and are not recognized as world records.

^‡On 1889-01-16, a temperature of 53 °C (128 °F) was recorded at Cloncurry, Queensland. It was measured with a non-standard thermometer, so it is unknown if this reading was valid or not.

Other warm records

• Fastest temperature rise: 27 °C (49 °F) in 2 minutes; Spearfish, South Dakota, 1943-01-22.
• Most consecutive days above 100 °F (37.8 °C): 160 days; Marble Bar, Western Australia from 31 October 1923 to 7 April 1924.

Cold

Lowest temperatures ever recorded

	Temperature	Location	Date
On Earth	−89.2 °C (−128.6 °F)	Vostok Station, Antarctica	1983-07-21
Asia	−68 °C (−90 °F)	Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon, both Russia	1892-02-07 1933-02-06
India	−33.9 °C (-27.4 °F)	Ladakh	1911-03-22
Japan	−41.0 °C (-41.8 °F)	Asahikawa, Hokkaidō	1902-01-25
North America	−66 °C (−87 °F)	North Ice, Greenland	1954-01-09
Canada	−63 °C (−81 °F)	Snag, Yukon Territory, Canada	1947-02-03
United States	−62 °C (−80 °F)	Prospect Creek, Alaska	1971-01-23
Mexico	−27 °C (−16 °F)	San Juanito, Chihuahua
Contiguous United States	−56.5 °C (−70 °F)	Rogers Pass, Montana	1954-01-20
Europe	−58.1°C (−72.6°F)	Ust 'Shchugor, Russia	1978-12-31
Austria	−52.6 °C (−62.7 °F)	Grünloch above Lunz am See	1932-02-19
Croatia	−35.5 °C (−31.5 °F)	Čakovec	1929-02-03
Czech Republic	−42.2 °C (−44.0 °F)	Litvínovice	1929-02-11
Denmark	−31.2 °C (−24.2 °F)	Hørsted, Thy	1982-01-8
Estonia	−43.5 °C (−46.0 °F)	Jõgeva	1940-01-17
Finland	−51.5 °C (−60.7 °F)	Kittilä	1999-01-28
France	−41.0 °C (−41.8 °F)	Mouthe	1985-01-17
Germany	−45.9 °C (−50,6 °F)	Funtensee	2001-12-24
Hungary	−35.0 °C (−31.0 °F)	Miskolc	1940-02-16
Iceland		Grímsstadir	January 1918
Ireland	−19.1 °C (−2.4 °F)	Markree Castle, County Sligo	1881-01-16
Lithuania	−42.9 °C(−45.2 °F)	Utena, Utena County	1956-02-01
Netherlands	−27.4 °C (−17.3 °F)	Winterswijk	1944-01-27
Norway	−51.4 °C (−60.5 °F)	Karasjok, Finnmark	1886-01-01
Poland	−41.0 °C (−41.8 °F)	Siedlce	1940-01-11
Portugal	−16.0 °C (3.2 °F)	Penhas da Saúde	1954-02-04
Romania	−38.5 °C (−37.3 °F)	Bod, Braşov County	1942-01-25
Slovakia	−41.0 °C (−41.8 °F)	Vigľaš-Pstruša	1929-02-11
Slovenia	−34.5 °C (−30.1 °F)	Babno Polje	1956-02-15 / 1956-02-16 / 1968-01-13
Spain	−32.0 °C (−25.6 °F)	Lake Estangento, Lérida	1956-02-02
Sweden	−53 °C (−63.4 °F)	Malgovik, Lappland	1941-12-13
Switzerland	−41.8 °C (−43.2 °F)	La Brévine	1987-01-12
Turkey	−46.4 °C (−51.5 °F)	Van	1990-01-09
United Kingdom	−27.2 °C (−17.0 °F)	Braemar, Grampian Altnaharra	1895-02-11 and 1982-01-10 1995-12-30
South America	−39 °C (−38.2 °F)	Valle de los Patos Superior, Argentina	1972-07-17
Brazil	−17,8 °C (32 °F)	Morro da Igreja-Urubici, Santa Catarina	29/06/1996
Africa	−24 °C (−11 °F)	Ifrane, Morocco	1935-02-11
Oceania	−23 °C (−9.4 °F)	Charlotte Pass, New South Wales, Australia	1994-06-29
Hawaii	−11.1 °C (12 °F)	Mauna Kea Observatory, Hawai i	1979-05-17
Australia	−23.0°C (−9.4 °F)	Charlotte Pass, New South Wales	1994-06-29
New Zealand	−21.6°C (−6.88 °F)	Ophir, Central Otago	1995-07-03

Other cold records

• Fastest temperature drop: 26 °C (47 °F) in 15 minutes; Rapid City, South Dakota, 1911-01-10.

Precipitation

• Least per year (locale): 0.00 mm (0.00 in/year), none in recorded history; Antofagasta Region, Atacama Desert, Chile.

Rain

• Most in one minute: ; Barst, Guadeloupe, 1970-11-26.
• Most in 42 minutes: in 42 minutes. Holt, Missouri, USA. 1947-06-22
• Most in 12 hours: ; Foc-Foc, La Réunion, 1966-01-08 during tropical cyclone Denise.
• Most in 24 hours: ; Foc-Foc, La Réunion, 1966-01-08 during tropical cyclone Denise.
• Most in 48 hours: ; Aurère, La Réunion, 1958-04-10.
• Most in 72 hours: ; Commerson, La Réunion, 1958-04-10 during Cyclone Gamede.
• Most in 15 days: ; Commerson, La Réunion, January 1980 during tropical cyclone Hyacinthe.
• Most in one year: 25.4 meters (1000 in); Cherrapunji, India.
• Highest average annual total: 13.3 meters (523.6 in); Lloro, Colombia.

Snow

• Most in one-year period: 31.1 meters (1224 in); Mount Rainier, Washington State, United States, 1971-02-19 to 1972-02-18.
• Most in one season (July 1–June 30): 29.0 meters, (1140 in); Mount Baker, Washington State, United States, 1998 through 1999.
• Largest snowflake ever observed: 38 centimeters (15 in) in diameter; Fort Keough, Montana, United States, 1887-01-28.

Wind speed

• Fastest ever recorded: 484±32 km/h (301±20 mph) 3-second gust; Observed by a DOW (Doppler On Wheels) radar unit in a tornado near Oklahoma City, Oklahoma on 1999-05-03.
• Fastest recorded with an anemometer: 372 km/h (231 mph) sustained 1-minute average; Mount Washington, New Hampshire, 1934-04-12.
• Fastest daily average: 174 km/h (108 mph); Port Martin (Adélie Land), Antarctica, 24-hour period from 1951-03-21 to 1951-03-22.

Tornadoes

Deadliest in history

• On Earth: Approximately 1300 deaths; Manikganj District, Bangladesh on 1989-04-26.
• In North America: 695 deaths (Tri-State Tornado); Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, United States 1925-03-18.
• In Europe: 600 or more (Grand Harbour Tornado); Valetta, Malta, 23 September 1551 or 1556 (sources conflict)

Outbreaks

• Largest and most severe: The Super Outbreak: 148 tornadoes occurred in 16 hours from April 3 to April 4, 1974. They affected 13 US states and Ontario, Canada, and included 24 F4's and 6 F5's, more F5's than have been reported in any other year. There were also more significant tornadoes during that 24 hours than any other entire week on record.

Tropical cyclones

Most intense (by minimum surface air pressure)

• Most intense ever recorded: 870 mb (25.63 inHg); eye of Super Typhoon Tip over the Pacific Ocean, 1979-10-12.
• Most intense in the Western Hemisphere: 882 mb (26.05 inHg); eye of Hurricane Wilma, 2005-10-19.
• Most intense ever recorded on land: 892 mb (26.35 inHg); Craig Key, Florida, eye of the Labor Day Hurricane, 1935-09-02. While other landfalling tropical cyclones have almost certainly had lower pressures, data is spotty from areas other than the Atlantic Basin, especially before the invention of weather satellites.

Other severe weather

Hail

• Heaviest: 1.0 kg (2.25 lb); Gopalganj District, Bangladesh, 1986-04-14.
• Largest ever officially measured: 17.8 cm (7.0 in) diameter, 47.6 cm (18.75 in) circumference; Aurora, Nebraska, 2003-06-22.

Lightning

• Longest lightning bolt: 190 km (118 miles) 2001-10-13.
• Most strikes per year: More than 70 per km² in parts of Central Africa, especially the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Other categories

• Worst airline disaster due to fog: 583 were killed in the Tenerife disaster; Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, 1977-03-27.
• Highest air pressure ever recorded: 1085.6 mb (32.06 inHg); Tosontsengel, Khövsgöl Province, Mongolia, 2001-12-19. This is the equivalent sea-level pressure; Tosontsengel is located at above sea level.
• Lowest (surface) air pressure ever recorded: ; recorded in tornado at surface by probe near Manchester, South Dakota on 2003-06-24 (The place is located above sea level, normal air pressure is ).

See also

• Canada Weather Extremes
• UK rainfall records
• Extremes on Earth
• List of extreme temperatures in Canada

References

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External links

• National Climate Extremes Committee