Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg (29 September 1902 – 8 January 1962) was the eldest son of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary, and his morganatic wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg. By definition of a morganatic marriage, he was excluded as Heir Presumptive to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

He was born with the lesser rank and style His Serene Highness Prince Maximilian of Hohenberg, but in 1917 was elevated to His Highness Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg.

Following the assassination of his parents in Sarajevo in 1914, which resulted in the outbreak of World War I, Prince Maximilian, his sister, Princess Sophie and their brother, Prince Ernst, were taken in by their father's brother-in-law and shooting partner Prince Jaroslav von Thun und Hohenstein.

In 1918 following the collapse of the Empire and the Monarchy, they were exiled from Czechoslovakia, losing their family home, Konopiště Castle and all their possessions they took refuge in Vienna and Artstetten Castle. But in 1938, following the Anschluss they were arrested and deported by the Nazi Regime to Dachau concentration camp, where they spent most of the Nazi era . The reason for their imprisonment was that Duke Maximilian was one of the principal public opponents to the Anschluss. Following the collapse of the Third Reich and their release, Artstetten Castle was returned to the family.

Duke Maximilian married Countess Maria Elisabeth Bona von Waldburg zu Wolfegg und Waldsee on 16 November 1926. He had six children by her, all sons with the rank of Serene Highness:

• Franz, Duke of Hohenberg, (1927-1977, Duke 1962-1977), married Princess Elisabeth of Luxembourg and Bourbon-Parma (born 1922); had issue:
  • Princess Anna (Anita) von Hohenberg born Schloss Berg, Luxembourg, 18 August 1958; married 1st Luxembourg 15 July 1978 (rel) Artstetten 22 July 1978 (div 1998) Romée de la Poëze Count d'Harambure (born Düsseldorf 15 July 1949) with issue (three children); married 2nd Schloss Kornberg 9 July 2005 Count Andreas von Bardeau (born Graz 13 February 1957) no issue.
  • Princess Sophie von Hohenberg, born Schloss Berg, Luxembourg, 10 May 1960; married Artstetten 18 June 1983 Jean-Louis Marie René Ghislain de Potesta (born Liège 8 February 1951) with issue (three children). She is currently trying to regain ownership of KonopiÅ¡tÄ› Castle, in the Czech Republic, on grounds that Hohenberg was never recognized as part of the House of Habsburg, and therefore the provisions of Article 208 of the Treaty of Saint Germain, and the Article 3 of Law no.354 of 1921 in Czechoslovakia, do not apply to them.

• Georg, Duke of Hohenberg, (born 1929, Duke since 1977) former Austrian Ambassador to the Holy See, married Princess Eleonore von Auersperg-Breunner (born 1928); had issue:
  • Prince Nikolaus von Hohenberg, born Boulogne-sur-Seine 3 July 1961; married Fürstenberg, Westfalen 6 May 1989 Countess Marie Elisabeth von Westphalen zu Fürstenberg (born Münster 7 August 1963) with issue.
  • Princess Henriette von Hohenberg, born Boulogne-sur-Seine 9 November 1962.
  • Prince Maximilian von Hohenberg, born Buenos Aires 25 January 1970; married Lucca 9 September 2000 Emilia Oliva Cattaneo Vieti (born Genoa 29 July 1971).

• Prince Albrecht von Hohenberg (born 1931), married Countess Leontine von Cassis-Faraone; had issue:
  • Archduchess Margarete von Habsburg, born Vienna 19 June 1963; married Vienna 20 April 1991 Carl, Archduke of Austria and Hungary with issue.
  • Prince Leo von Hohenberg, born Vienna 28 September 1964; married Lisbon 3 September 1994 Rosalind Roque Alcoforado (born New York 3 July 1964) with issue.

• Prince Johannes von Hohenberg (1933-2003), married Elisabeth Meilinger-Rehrl (born 1947) with issue:
  • Princess Sophie von Hohenberg, born Salzburg 26 May 1970.
  • Prince Stephan von Hohenberg, born Salzburg 3 July 1972; married Salzburg 30 September 2000 Leonie von Kloss (born Salzburg 11 April 1977).

• Prince Peter von Hohenberg (born Arstetten Castle 26 March 1936), also a Knight of Malta, KCSG, married Christine-Maria Meilinger-Rehrl (born Bramberg-Weyerhof 27 April 1945) with issue:
  • Princess Marie-Christine von Hohenberg, born Salzburg 25 November 1970.
  • Princess Marie-Therese von Hohenberg, born Salzburg 31 July 1972, married Salzburg 27 October 2007 (rel) to Anthony J Bailey OBE, GCSS (born London 13 January 1970). Bailey was made OBE by the Queen in her Birthday Honours List in 2008.

• Prince Gerhard von Hohenberg (born 1941). No issue.

Styles

• His Serene Highness Prince Maximilian of Hohenberg
• His Highness The Duke of Hohenberg

Notes