Monterrey ( ) (also known as
"Sultana del Norte" (Sultan of the North), is the capital
city of the northeastern Mexican
state of Nuevo
León
It has the third largest metropolitan area in
Mexico, after Mexico
City
and Guadalajara
. In 2005, the city population was estimated
to be 1,133,814, and its metropolitan area had a population of 3.8
million. The
demonym of Monterrey is
Regiomontano(a).
Monterrey
is located in northeast Mexico
, at the
foothills of the Sierra Madre
Oriental. The recorded history of Monterrey starts in
1596, with the foundation by
Diego
de Montemayor. In the years after the
Mexican Independence War, Monterrey
became an important business center. With the establishment of
Fundidora Monterrey, the city experienced industrial
growth.
Monterrey is an important industrial and
business center, serving as operation host for an array of Mexican companies,
including CEMEX
, Vitro and CervecerÃa Cuauhtémoc
Moctezuma and also for international companies such as Carrier, Daewoo, General Electric, LG and
Teleperformance, among
others.Monterrey is known for its hot weather in
summer reaching 40 °C (104 °F) or more for three consecutive
months, being one of the hottest major cities in Mexico.
History
- See also articles in the category History of
Monterrey
Prehispanic history
Prior to the European foundation of the city, there was no
established population, instead consisting of indigenous
semi-nomad groups that are collectively called
Chichimecas.
Carved stone and
cave
painting in surrounding mountains and caves have allowed
historians to identify four major groups of Chichimecas in
present-day Monterrey:
Azalapas,
Huachichiles,
Coahuiltecos and
Borrados.
Foundation
In the 16th century, the valley in which Monterrey is located was
known as the Extremadura Valley, an area largely unexplored by the
Spanish colonizers. The first expeditions and colonization attempts
were led by
Alberto del Canto,
naming the city "Santa Lucia", but were unsuccessful because the
population was attacked by the natives and fled.
The Spanish
expeditionary Luis Carvajal
y de la Cueva negotiated with King Philip II of Spain to establish a
territory in northern New Spain, which
would be called Nuevo
León, the "New
Kingdom of León". In 1580 he arrived in the newly
granted lands but it was not until 1582 that he established a
settlement called
San Luis Rey de Francia within
present-day Monterrey.
The New Kingdom of León extended westwards
from the port of Tampico
to the
limits of Nueva Vizcaya
("New Vizcaya", now State of Chihuahua
), and around 1,000 kilometers northwards.) For
eight years Nuevo León was abandoned and uninhabited, until a third
expedition of thirteen families led by Diego de Montemayor founded Ciudad
Metropolitana de Nuestra Señora de Monterrey ("Metropolitan
City of Our Lady of Monterrey") on 20 September 1596, next to a
water spring called Ojos de Agua de Santa Lucia, where the
Museum of Mexican History and Santa LucÃa Riverwalk
are now located.
During the years of Spanish rule, Monterrey remained a small city,
and its population varied from a few hundred to only dozens.
The city
was a place that facilitated trade between San Antonio
(now in Texas
), Tampico and from
Saltillo
to the center of the country. Tampico's port brought
many products from Europe, while Saltillo
concentrated the Northern Territories' trade with the capital,
Mexico
City. San Antonio was the key trade point with
the northern foreign colonies (British and French).
After Mexican Independence (19th century)
In the
19th century, after the Mexican
Independence War, Monterrey rose as a key economic center for
the newly formed nation, especially due to its balanced ties
between Europe (with its connections to Tampico), the United States
(with its connections to San Antonio), and the
capital (through Saltillo). In 1824, the "New Kingdom of León" became
the State of Nuevo
León, and Monterrey was selected as its capital.
However,
the political instability that followed the first 50 years of the
new country allowed two American invasions and an internal
secession war, during which the Governor of the State annexed the
Coahuila
and Tamaulipas
states, designating Monterrey as the capital of the
enlarged state.
In 1846, the earliest large-scale engagement of the
Mexican-American War took place in the
city, known as the
Battle of
Monterrey. Mexican forces were forced to surrender but only
after successfully repelling US forces during the first few
advances on the city. The battle inflicted high casualties on both
sides, much of them resulting from hand-to-hand combat within the
walls of the city center.
Most of the generals in the
Mexican War against France
were natives of the city, including
Mariano Escobedo,
Juan Zuazua and
Jerónimo Treviño.
Contemporary history
During the last decade of the 19th century, the city of Monterrey
was linked by railroad, which benefitted industry.
It was during this
period that José
Eleuterio González founded the Hospital Civil which is now one of the best
public hospitals in the northeast of Mexico, and serves as medical
school support to the School of Medicine of the Autonomous University of Nuevo León
. Vicente
Ferrara founded the
Fundidora de Fierro y Acero de
Monterrey,
Parque Fundidora a steel-producing company that
accelerated the already fast industrialization of the city and
became one of the world's biggest at its time.
In 1988,
Hurricane Gilbert caused
great damage to the city; the
Santa
Catarina River overflowed, causing about 100 deaths and severe
economic damage.
The city has hosted international events such as the 2002
United Nation Conference on Financing for
Development with the participation of more than 50 Heads of
State and Government, as well as other ministers and senior
delegates from over 150 countries. The conference resulted in the
adoption of the
Monterrey
Consensus, which has become one relevant reference point for
international development and cooperation.
In 2004, the OAS
Special Summit of the
Americas was attended by almost all the presidents of the Americas. In 1986, several official games of
the
1986 FIFA World Cup were
hosted.
In 2007, Monterrey held the
Universal Forum of Cultures
with four million visitors.
Governance
Monterrey City Hall
Monterrey and its
metropolitan area are
municipalities each of them governed by a democratically elected
Presidente Municipal (Municipal President) or Mayor for a
period of three years with no right to reelection. The political
environment is one of civility and in the last decade political
parties have been alternating office. The current
Mayor of Monterrey is
Fernando Larrazabal.
The City Council of Monterrey (
Cabildo de Monterrey) is an
organ integrated by the Mayor, the
Regidores and the
SÃndicos. The Mayor is the executor of the determinations
of the City Council and the person directly in charge of the public
municipal administration. The
Regidores represent the
community and their mission is to collectively define the city
policies in all the subjects affecting it. The
SÃndicos
are in charge of watching and legally defend the city interests, as
well as in charge of watching the City Treasury status and the
municipal patrimony.
The political parties with representation in the city are the
Institutional
Revolutionary Party or PRI, the
National Action Party or PAN,
the
Party of the
Democratic Revolution or PRD, the
Labor Party or PT, the
Green Party,
Convergence,
Socialdemocratic Party and
Nueva Alianza.
Public safety
Monterrey was ranked as the most secure city in Latin America and
Mexico in 2005, and one of the two most secure in 2006. However,
the city has experienced violence related to turf battles between
warring drug cartels in Mexico.
There are two police departments guarding the city, the Police of
the City of Monterrey (locally known as the
PolicÃa
Regia), dependent of the municipal government, and the State
Public Safety. The
PolicÃa Regia protects the city's
downtown and main areas, while the State Public Safety is in charge
of the farthest areas.
The state governor is considered the "mayor" of the metropolitan
area of Monterrey (A group of several municipalities, forming
Monterrey city) since the city accounts for about 95% of the state
population.
Geography
The city
of Monterrey is located at , and above sea level in the
northeastern Mexican state of Nuevo León. The Santa Catarina River—dry most of the
year on the surface but with flowing underground water—bisects the
city.
Monterrey
is adjoined to San Nicolás de los Garza
, GarcÃa and General
Escobedo
to the north; Guadalupe,
Villa de Juárez and Cadereyta
Jiménez
to the east; Villa de
Santiago to the south; and San Pedro
Garza GarcÃa
and Santa Catarina
to the west.
Monterrey lies north of the foothills of the
Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range.
A small hill, the
Cerro del
Topo
and the smaller Topo Chico are located in the suburbs of San Nicolás de los
Garza and Escobedo. West of the city rises the Cerro de las
Mitras
(Mountain of the Mitres), which resemble the
profile of several bishops with their
mitres.
Cerro de la
Silla
(Saddle Mountain) dominates the view east of the
city. Cerro de la Loma Larga
—South of the Santa Catarina river—separates
Monterrey from the suburb of San Pedro Garza GarcÃa.
At the
summit of the Cerro del
Obispado
, north of the river, is the historic Bishopric
Palace, site of one of the most important battles of the
Mexican-American
War.
Monterrey has a
semi-arid climate
(
Koppen climate
classification BSh). Its weather, is warm in spring
and autumn, is extremely hot in the summer, it can reach 42 °C (107
°F) and overnight lows of 25 °C (77 °F) and sometimes it can reach
28 °C (82 °F); the average high reaches 35 °C (95 °F) in August,
with an average low of 24 °C (75 °F). Winters are short and mild.
The average January high is 20 °C (68 °F) and the average low in
January is 10 °C (50 °F); however, temperatures below freezing are
rare. Rainfall is scarce, but more prominent during May through
September. Monterrey is very extreme in weather change, sometimes
reaching 32 °C (90 °F) in January and February, the coldest period,
this is seen frequently. Most extreme weather change occurs with
rainfall in summer, which changes extreme heat to cooler
temperatures, and the absence of
northern winds in winter,
sometimes causing extreme or abnormally high temperatures. Seasons
are not well defined, the warm season can start in February and
last until November. Snowfall is a very rare event, the last was in
December, 2004.
Natural areas
The mountains surrounding Monterrey contain many canyons, trails
and roads that cross deserts and forests. Suitable trails are
available to the general public. The Sierra Madre Oriental
mountains south of the city are included in the "Parque Nacional
Cumbres de Monterrey" (National Park), which was added to UNESCO’s
Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Program of Biosphere Reserves in
2006.
Cumbres de Monterrey includes:
Demographics
Monterrey
population by year |
| 1798 |
7,000 |
| 1833 |
13,645 |
| 1846 |
15,000 |
| 1852 |
13,534 |
| 1862 |
14,534 |
| 1869 |
14,000 |
| 1881 |
40,000 |
| 1890 |
41,700 |
| 1900 |
62,266 |
| 1910 |
78,528 |
| 1921 |
88,479 |
| 1930 |
132,577 |
| 1940 |
206,152 |
| 1950 |
375,040 |
| 1960 |
708,399 |
| 1970 |
1,246,181 |
| 1990 |
2,213,711 |
| 1995 |
2,516,658 |
| 2005 |
3,864,331 |
| *Note: Figures from 1970-2005,
includemunicipalities of Monterrey metropolitan area |
| References: |
The city has grown from a population of 7,000 in 1798 to 1,133,814
in 2005, of which 559,877 were men, and 573,837 were women.
According
to the national INEGI population census, of
the total population of the state of Nuevo León, 27% lived in the municipality of
Monterrey.
The
Monterrey metropolitan
area is the
third most populous
city in Mexico with more than 3.7 million.
It is composed of the
adjoined municipalities of Apodaca
, Escobedo, GarcÃa
, Guadalupe
, Juárez
, San Nicolás de los Garza, San Pedro Garza GarcÃa, and Santa Catarina.
Infrastructure
Transportation
- See also articles in the category Transportation in
Monterrey
Monterrey
is connected with the USA border, the sea and
inland Mexico through different roads, including the Carretera Nacional (also known as
the Panamerican Highway) that
runs from Nuevo
Laredo
to Mexico
City and south, and the Carretera Interoceánica
connecting Matamoros with the port of
Mazatlán
on the Pacific; it is also crossed by highways 40,
45, 57. The divided highway Monterrey-Saltillo-Matehuala-Mexico City is the main land corridor to interior
Mexico.
There are several between-cities bus lines at the bus station
downtown.
There are arrivals and departures into
deeper Mexico, to the U.S. border and into the United States.
Monterrey
is also connected by at least three important railroad freight lines: Nuevo Laredo-Mexico City, Monterrey-Tampico, and
Monterrey-Pacific (Mazatlán).
The city has a
rapid transit
system called
Metrorrey, which
currently has 2 lines.
Airports
There are
two international airports: General Mariano Escobedo International
Airport
(served by major international carriers and moving
more than 6.5 million passengers in 2007) and Del Norte
International Airport
, a primarily private airport.
Monterrey is linked through frequent non-stop flights to many
Mexican cities and to key United States hubs (Atlanta,
Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit,
Houston-Intercontinental, JFK/New York, and Las Vegas). Monterrey
is the second most important city for the operating routes of
Aeroméxico.
Five airlines have their operational bases and headquarters in
Monterrey,
Aviacsa,
Aeroméxico Connect,
Viva Aerobus and
Magnicharters. There is no public
transportation from Monterrey International Airport to the city.
However, a
cartel of taxi services link the
airport with the city and charge around $20 US for a one-way ride
to the city. From this airport, there is a bus shuttle to nearby
Saltillo. Inter-city bus services run daily into the interior, as
well as north to the US border and points beyond.
Health
Monterrey has some fine hospitals, including three with
Joint Commission accreditation - the Joint
Commission is a private healthcare accreditation group. There are
both public and private hospitals.
The Mexican Social Security
Institute has two major regional hospitals in the city, the
Specialties Regional Hospital # 33 and the Gynecology and Obsterics
Regional Hospital, serving also the northeastern states of Coahuila and Tamaulipas. Several smaller IMSS hospitals can be found
such as the Traumatology and Orthopedics Hospital and the General
Hospital # 25.
State government owns the Metropolitan
Hospital, located in the suburb of San Nicolás
de los Garza and the Hospital of the Children and Mother Care in
Guadalupe suburb.
The
University of Nuevo León
runs the public University Hospital, with a
high-level shock-trauma unit and a specialized clinic for child
cancer treatment. It is recognized as the best public
hospital in the city and the UANL School of Medicine as one of the
best in the country.
On the other hand the Tecnológico de Monterrey
runs the Hospital San José-Tec de Monterrey
private hospital.
Monterrey has healthcare standards above the average for Mexico. It
has several hospitals, including
CHRISTUS Muguerza, San José-Tec de
Monterrey,
OCA Hospital - the largest
private hospital in the city, the
Santa
Engracia Hospital,
San
Vicente Hospital and the
San
Lucas Hospital (Plastic Surgery). Its convenient location, low
prices and quality of medical care have made of Monterrey a very
popular
medical tourism destination
for United States patients.
Economy
Monterrey is a major industrial center in northern Mexico ,
producing a
GDP of 78.5 billion
US dollars (2006). The city's
GDP per
capita in 2007 was 21,788
US dollars. The city
was rated by
Fortune magazine in
1999 as the best city in
Latin America
for business and is currently ranked third best by the
América EconomÃa magazine.
Because
of its strong steel industry, it is
often called "the Pittsburgh
of Mexico". The city has prominent positions
in sectors such as
steel,
cement, glass, auto parts, and brewing. In 1999
Fortune magazine recognized
Monterrey as the best city in Latin America in which to do
business. The magazine attributes its economic
wealth in part to its proximity with the United States-Mexican
border and mentions Monterrey as a significant city with economic
links to the United States.
Office buildings in the municipality
of San Pedro Garza GarcÃa
was accelerated in the mid 19th century by the
Compañia
Fundidora de Fierro y Acero Monterrey a steel-processing
company.
Today Monterrey is home to transnational
conglomerates such as Cemex
(the
world's third largest cement company), FEMSA
(Coca-Cola Latin America), Alfa
(petrochemicals, food, telecommunications and auto parts), Axtel (telecommunications), Vitro
(glass), Selther (leading mattress and rest
systems firm in Latin America), Gruma
(food), and
Banorte (financial services). The
FEMSA corporation owns a large brewery, the
CervecerÃa
Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma that produces the brands
Sol,
Tecate, Indio, Dos Equis and Carta Blanca
among others. By the end of the same year, there were more than
13,000
manufacturing companies, 55,000
retail stores, and more than 52,000 service firms in
Monterrey.
The metals sector, dominated by iron and steel, accounted for 6
percent of manufacturing
GNP in 1994. Mexico's
steel industry is centered in
Monterrey, where the country's first steel mills opened in 1903.
Steel processing plants in Monterrey, privatized in 1986, accounted
for about half of Mexico's total steel output in the early
1990s.
Monterrey was ranked 94
th worldwide and fifth in Latin
America in terms of Quality of Life according to Mercer Human
Resource Consulting (2006), and was ranked second in 2005 and
fourth in 2006, according to
America Economia.
Some of
the shopping malls in the city include Paseo San Pedro, Plaza Fiesta
San AgustÃn
, GalerÃas Monterrey
, and GalerÃas Valle Oriente, which
distribute goods and services to the Mexican
population.
Education
Main entrance of the ITESM
Monterrey has an estimated 3.7% rate of
illiteracy. In 2005, from an estimated 983,359
inhabitants above 6 years of age, 36,689 were illiterates.
In 2005, the city had 72 public libraries, with 298,207 books
available, serving an estimated 478,047 readers.
Monterrey
is also the headquarters of the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios
Superiores de Monterrey
(Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher
Studies, ITESM or "Tec de Monterrey").
The
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo
León (Autonomous University of Nuevo León, UANL), is the
third largest Mexican university and is ranked by the Reader's
Digest-AC Nielsen Survey 2005 as the top public university in
northeast Mexico. Its main campus, Ciudad Universitaria
(University City), covers approximately . The UANL system comprises
26 colleges (faculties), 22 graduate divisions, 24 high schools, 1
center of bilingual education and 3 technical high schools. The
medical school of the UANL is
considered one of the most advanced in Latin America.
Founded in 1969 with the support of local leading multinational
corporations such as Cemex, Alfa, Femsa, Gamesa, Protexa &
CYDSA, the
Universidad
Regiomontana is a private university offering high school,
undergraduate and graduate programs. With agreements with more than
200 universities across the globe, it is member of GATE (Global
Alliance for Transnational Education), FIMPES (Federación de
Instituciones Mexicanas Particulares de Educación Superior) and
holds an ISO 9001 Certification. Its urban campus attracts many
working professionals who complement and enrich the academic
experience.
The
Universidad de
Monterrey was founded by the religious congregations of the
Sisters of Immaculate Mary of Guadalupe, the nuns of the Sacred
Heart and the Marist and La Salle brothers, all of them supported
by an association of catholic citizens. On December 2001 was
accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
(SACS) to deliver bachelor and master level educational
programs.
The city is home to the
Monterrey College of Music
and Dance, which offers degrees in performing arts.
Culture
Food
The most traditional dish from Monterrey is
cabrito, kid goat cooked on embers based on the
Jewish cuisine of the founders of the
city. Other local dishes and customs that perhaps date back to the
Crypto-Judaism of these founders are
the "semita" (bread without leavening), the capirotada dessert (a
mix of cooked bread, cheese, raisins, peanuts, and crystallized
sugarcane juice), and the relative absence of pork dishes. Another
famous local dish is
machacado
con huevo.
Carne asada on weekends remains
a tradition among Monterrey families. It is usually served with
grilled
onions, baked
potatoes and
sausages or
chopped as
tacos. Locally brewed beer and cola
are an almost mandatory part of the weekly ritual. The traditional
desserts, "glorias" and "obleas," made from goat milk are both
traditional candies from Nuevo León.
Sports
- See also articles in the category Sport in Monterrey
Monterrey
has two soccer teams in the Mexican league, the Club de Fútbol Monterrey,
known as Rayados de Monterrey, which uses Estadio
Tecnológico
, a facility owned by the ITESM rented to the team,
to host matches. And the UANL
Tigres, owned by CEMEX, which hosts
matches at Estadio
Universitario
, at the main campus of the UANL.
Both teams are related to the city on the
derby, called
Clásico Regiomontano. There was a
proposed project to build a stadium for both teams, the "
Estadio Internacional
Monterrey", but the idea was dropped out by both teams. The
project is still being promoted, and the city is giving a positive
view of it, but the UANL Tigres have yet to finish their stadium
contract and the Rayados are planning a stadium of their own. Club
de Fútbol Monterrey plans to build a new stadium able to sit a
crowd of 50,000. It is scheduled to be finished by 2011, named
"
Estadio de Fútbol
Monterrey". The new stadium is to be financed by the club's
managing firm,
FEMSA, and will remain the
club's property for fifty years before becoming property of the
government. The city hosted 8 matches during the
1986 FIFA World Cup.
In addition, two professional
indoor
soccer teams were hosted in the past, the
Monterrey La Raza, members of the
Continental Indoor Soccer
League and
World Indoor
Soccer League and the
Monterrey
Fury, members of the current
Major Indoor
Soccer League. The city was awarded another franchise to begin
play in the fall of 2007 in the
MISL.
Interior of the Monterrey Arena
Baseball has a long history in the city,
where it became the most popular sport during the early 20th
century. Monterrey has been champion of the
Little League World Series three
times (1957, 1958 and 1997), and has been host of
US Major League Baseball games. In the
Mexican Baseball League, the
Sultanes de Monterrey are one
important team every season and have won the national title several
times. In the year 2003, the city unsuccessfully attempted to buy
(and relocate to Monterrey) the
Montreal
Expos franchise of the
US
Major League Baseball.The Sultanes de Monterrey, are a Mexican
League baseball team based in Monterrey, Mexico. They are in the
Northern Division. The team was formed May 20, 1939 as Carta Blanca
(A local beer brand, owned by Cerveceria Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma which
owned the team). The team was also known as the gray ghosts. Soon,
they became one of the most important teams in the league, winning
its first championship in 1943. The Sultanes play in the Estadio de
Beisbol Monterrey, the largest baseball stadium in Mexico.
There are two professional basketball teams:
Fuerza Regia that plays in the national league,
Liga Nacional de
Baloncesto Profesional and the
Monterrey Venom that plays in the minor
league
American
Basketball Association.
Fuerza Regia plays at the Monterrey
Arena
while the Monterrey Poison plays at the gymnasium
of the ITESM.
The city
has hosted the Champ Car race in Fundidora
Park
from 2001 to 2005 and hosted the A1 Grand Prix of Nations on February
2006.
In 2004 Monterrey hosted the
World Karate Federation Senior World
Championships.In April 2004, Monterrey's
Arena Monterrey became the first city to
host
WWE in Mexico.In 2007 Monterrey hosted the
Women's
WTBA
World Tenpin Bowling Championships
The city has two college
Football teams,
the
Auténticos
Tigres (UANL) and the
Borregos (ITESM) that play in the
National College League (
ONEFA). There is also a local
children's league called AFAIM.
People
can also find golf, fishing, camping, and extreme-sports outdoors
near the city (bungee jumping at
Cola de
Caballo
, rock-climbing,
hiking, mountain bike). In particular there is
international-level
rock-climbing
places like la Huasteca,
Potrero Chico
and many other canyons.
Starting
2009 the Monterrey
Open
is held at Monterrey. This is a professional
women's tennis tournament. The event is affiliated with the Women's
Tennis Association (WTA), and is be part of the International
tournaments on the WTA Tour.
Contemporary music
- See also articles in the category Musical groups from
Monterrey
Starting in the 60's Monterrey has been known for "Norteño" music
which is the trademark music of the city, bands like Ramon Ayala,
Pesado, Duelo and other Mexican "Regional" music bands perform at
the different clubs in the city.
Monterrey, Nuevo León
has witnessed the birth of several bands that have
become internationally acclaimed. Their genres vary
considerably. Bands include
Plastilina
Mosh,
Control Machete,
Kinky,
El Gran
Silencio,
Jumbo,
Panda,
Genitallica.
The song "Los Oxidados" by Plastilina Mosh opens the 2005 movie
"Mr. & Mrs. Smith".
Kinky performed at the 2004 edition of the
Coachella Valley Music and Arts
Festival
in California, along with Radiohead, The Cure and
The Killers.
Landmarks
Santa Lucia Riverwalk
- Santa Lucia Riverwalk
, an artificial river built between 1996 and
2007. It currently joins the Macroplaza
with the Fundidora Park.
- The
Cerro de la
Silla (Saddle Mountain).
- La
Macroplaza, one of the world's largest plazas, is the cultural
and administrative heart of the city featuring remarkable
monuments, green areas and buildings.
- Faro del Comercio
(Lighthouse of Commerce), another trademark of the
city. This monuments beams a green
laser around the city at night.
- Barrio Antiguo
(old neighborhood), area where bars, cafes, art
galleries and restaurants can be found. On November of every
year the Festival Cultural Barrio Antiguo took place with
national and international artists and performers, but now is
replaced with the Festival Internacional de Santa Lucia,
which now takes place in September.
- The Museum of Modern Art
is a post-modern Mexican architecture designed by
Ricardo Legorreta with the
objective of creating different ambiances for artists and visitors
from all around the world.
- Monterrey's Inukshuk is one of only a
handful of authentic examples to be found outside Canada of these
stone monuments from the high Arctic. The sculpture was created in
situ by the renowned Inuit artist Bill
Nasogaluak in 2007 and was a gift to the state of Nuevo Leon
from the Canadian Chamber of Commerce and the Government of
Canada.
- Fundidora Park is a large urban industrial park that contains old
foundry buildings, 120 hectares of natural ambiance, artificial
lakes, playgrounds, alternative cinema (Cineteca), museum (Photo
Collection, the State Plastic Arts Collection, Exhibits and
Spaces), hotel, auditorium and convention center.
- Puente de la Unidad
(sometimes called Puente Atirantado) is a
suspension bridge that crosses the RÃo Santa Catarina and joins
San Pedro
Garza GarcÃa with Monterrey.
- The
Alfa
Planetarium
is the first IMAX dome built in
Latin America and fourth in the
world.
- The
Government Palace of Nuevo León
is a pink marble of Neoclassical architecture where
the governor's office is located.
- El
Cerro del
Obispado (Bishopric Hill) which includes a public, scenic
lookout called Mirador del Obispado
, a Monumental
flag and the museum inside the Palacio del Obispado
(the Bishopric Palace).
- ITESM, ITESM has
two distinctive buildings CEDES which houses the administration of
the ITESM nationwide system and the CETEC which houses the main
computer classroom and other offices.
- La CervecerÃa Cuauhtémoc
Moctezuma, with its XIX century buildings and where the
national Baseball Hall of Fame (Salón
de la Fama) is located.
- The
Cola de
Caballo (Horse tail) waterfall, on the mountains near the
towns of Santiago and El Cercado, about 35 km. (22
miles) south.
- On the way to the Cola de Caballo waterfall (Carretera Nacional
going to Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas), in Santiago, the Presa
Rodrigo Gomez or "La Boca" ("La Boca" Dam) lays nested between
green hills.
Broadcasting and media
Monterrey is an important producer and broadcaster of media and
entertainment in Mexico.
Grupo
Multimedios operates 2 television channels in the city, one of
them broadcasting also to the Mexican states of Coahuila, Tamaulipas, Veracruz
, Chihuahua and Guanajuato
, and to several cities in the United States. Televisa and
TV Azteca, the two only national
television networks, have local stations in the city.
Grupo Reforma, one of the most widely
read newsources in Mexico originated in the city with the newspaper
El Norte.
Milenio Diario de Monterrey, published by
Grupo Multimedios, is another
newspaper of high distribution, daily printing local editions in
the most important Mexican cities. Other local newspapers include
El Porvenir and
ABC. Northern Mexico's weekly
business newspaper
Biznews is also
headquartered in Monterrey.
Monterrey also has
several radio
stations broadcasting news, music, entertainment, and culture
for the city. The main radio broadcasting groups are
Multimedios Radio, Grupo Radio AlegrÃa and
Nucleo Radio Monterrey.
There are 11 Air TV channel broadcasting in the city:
International development
The
2007 Universal
Forum of Cultures was an international cultural event held in
Monterrey from September 20 to December 8 2007.
Also the city wanted to bid for the
2016 Summer Olympics, but the Mexican
Olympic Committee rejected to support it. The city council are now
bidding for the 2020 Olympic games.
Proposed logo for the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics bid
Backed by a young people's movement, students of the universities
of Monterrey formed the Monterrey 2014 Foundation with the purpose
of hosting the
2014 Summer
Youth Olympics.
In 2009 the Mexican Olympic Committee gave
the bid to Guadalajara. The Monterrey 2014 Foundation declared it
would bid for 2018 if Guadalajara loses 2014 bid.
Notable people
- See also articles in the category People from
Monterrey
Notable people from Monterrey include:
- Adal Ramones, Mexican comedian,
Television Host.
- Alfonso Reyes, Mexican writer,
intellectual, poet and essayist, also known as El Regiomontano
Universal.
- Alicia Villarreal,
singer.
- Antonio de Nigris,
international football player.
- Federico Cantú, Mexican
painter, engraver and sculptor[6715] also known as EUlises de
Cadereyta.
- MarÃa Luisa "Loreley"
Garza, Mexican writer, intellectual, poet
and essayist, also known as La novia de
Nervo.
- Eduardo MartÃnez
Celis, Journalist, author and politician, also known as El
Abate Sieyés.
- Eloy Cavazos, bullfighter.
- Ely Guerra, singer/songwriter.
- Erika Buenfil, actress.
- Ernesto Enkerlin
Hoeflich, Conservationist.
- Eugenio Garza
Lagüera, businessman.
- Eugenio Garza Sada,
businessman and philanthropist.
- Fernando Canales, businessman,
and Mexican politician.
- Fernando Elizondo, Mexican
politician.
- Gabriel Zaid, writer, poet and
intellectual.
- Giovani dos
Santos, football player of Tottenham Hotspur, England
.
- Jonathan dos
Santos, football player of FC Barcelona Atlètic, Spain
.
- José A. Muguerza, businessman and philanthropist.
- José Eleuterio
González, a medical doctor and professor.
- José MarroquÃn
Leal Clown and children TV show host.
- José Woldenberg first
President of the Federal
Electoral Institute.
- Kat Von D, Tattoo Artist
- Lorenzo Zambrano, businessman
and billionaire.
- Mauricio Fernandez
Garza, businessman, politician and millionaire.
- Manuel Uribe, world's fattest
man.
- Servando Teresa de Mier,
Roman Catholic priest
- Ramiro Peña, Major League
Baseball player
- Silvia Priscila
Perales Elizondo,Miss
International 2007
- Gloria Trevi, singer
- Javier Treviño, former
Deputy Foreign Minister of Mexico.
- Jorge de la Rosa, MLB player for the Milwaukee Brewers, Kansas City Royals, and the Colorado Rockies
- Bianca
Marroquin, Musical theatre actress known as the first Latina to
play in a starring role on Broadway
- Anagabriela Espinoza
Marroquin,Miss International
2009
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Monterrey is
twinned with:
References
- http://weather.com/
- América EconomÃa (Business Magazine), page 32, issue
of May 2005
- Government of Monterrey Website
- Government of Nuevo León State Website
- Historical Weather for Monterrey, Mexico.
Weatherbase.com. Retrieved December 18, 2006.
- UNESCO Website
- Chipinque Ecological Park website
- Instituto Mexicano de Recursos Naturales
Renovables
- El Porvenir, newspaper
- El Porvenir, newspaper
- North American Butterfly Association
- 1746, Farnham, Thomas J. Mexico: Its Geography, its people and
its institutions. New York, 1846; Mexico: The Country, History and
People. London, 1863.
- 1862 a/ - Durán, Rafael. "Memorias sobre el censo de la
República", en BoletÃn de la Sociedad Mexicana de GeografÃa y
EstadÃstica. México, 1862.
- 1900 a 1940 - Censos Generales de Población.
- 1995 - INEGI. Conteo de Población y Vivienda, 1995.
- Delimitación de las zonas metropolitanas de
México
- http://www.nl.gob.mx/?P=t_tur_sertur_trans_metro
- Passenger statistics for Monterrey Airport in 2006
http://www.oma.bz/EN/BoletinesDePrensa.asp?idAeropuerto=mty
- City Mayors [1] Retrieved April 4th, 2009
- Mexico Connect. North star shines. Retrieved February 11,
2006.
- Weldmex General information. Retrieved February 11, 2006.
- Country-data. Mexico - Industry. Retrieved February 11, 2006.
- Mercer Human Resource Consulting (2006
- UANL Website About UANL
- UANL Website Location of UANL
- http://www.medicina.uanl.mx/
- Official Page
- Insert footnote text here
- Presa de La Boca
- [2] Monterrey 2014
- ::: Gloria Trevi Página Oficial :::
Further reading
- Michael Snodgrass, Deference and Defiance in Monterrey:
Workers, Paternalism, and Revolution in Mexico, 1890-1950
(Cambridge University Press, 2003) (ISBN 0-521-81189-9)
External links
, west of the city, in the municipality of Santa
Catarina
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