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 was an old province of Japanmarker, made up of the present-day prefecture of Fukushimamarker, Miyagimarker, Iwatemarker and Aomorimarker, and the municipalities of Kazuno and Kosakamarker in Akita Prefecturemarker. It was also known as Ōshū (奥州), although that term usually referred to the combined provinces of Mutsu and Dewamarker.


Historical record

Mutsu, on northern Honshūmarker, was one of the last provinces to be formed as land was taken from the indigenous Ainu and became the largest as it expanded northward. The ancient capital was in modern Miyagi Prefecture.

In the 3rd month of the 2nd year of the Wadō era (709), an uprising against governmental authority took place in Mutsu and in nearby Echigo Province. Troops were dispatched to subdue the revolt.

In the 5th year of the Wadō era (712), Mutsu was separated from Dewa Provincemarker. Empress Gemmei's Daijō-kan made cadastral changes in the provincial map of the Nara Period, as in the following year when Mimasaka Province was split from Bizen Province; Hyūga Province was sundered from Osumi Province; and Tamba Province was severed from Tango Province.

During the Sengoku Period, various clans ruled different parts of the province. The Uesugi clan had a castle town at Wakamatsu in the south, the Nanbu clan at Morioka in the north, and Date Masamune, a close ally of the Tokugawa, established Sendai, which is now the largest city in the Tōhoku Regionmarker.

In the Meiji period, four provinces were created from Mutsu: Rikuchū, Rikuzen, Iwaki, and Iwashiro.

The area that is now Aomori Prefecturemarker continued to be part of Mutsu until the abolition of the han system and the nation-wide conversion to the prefectural structure of modern Japan.

Districts

Under Ritsuryō



Districts during the Meiji Era



References

  1. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 64.





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