was an old province of Japan
, made up of the present-day prefecture of Fukushima
, Miyagi
, Iwate
and Aomori
, and the municipalities of Kazuno and Kosaka
in Akita Prefecture
. It was also known as Ōshū (奥州), although that term usually referred to the combined provinces of Mutsu and Dewa
.
Historical record
Mutsu, on
northern Honshū
, was one of
the last provinces to be formed as land was taken from the
indigenous Ainu and became the largest
as it expanded northward. The ancient capital was in modern
Miyagi Prefecture.
In the 3rd month of the 2nd year of the
Wadō era (709), an uprising against
governmental authority took place in Mutsu and in nearby
Echigo Province. Troops were dispatched to
subdue the revolt.
In the 5th
year of the Wadō era (712),
Mutsu was separated from Dewa Province
. Empress
Gemmei's
Daijō-kan made
cadastral changes in the provincial map of
the
Nara Period, as in the following
year when
Mimasaka Province was
split from
Bizen Province;
Hyūga Province was sundered from
Osumi Province; and
Tamba Province was severed from
Tango Province.
During the
Sengoku Period, various
clans ruled different parts of the province.
The Uesugi clan had a castle town at Wakamatsu in the south, the
Nanbu clan at Morioka in the north, and Date Masamune, a close ally of the Tokugawa, established Sendai, which is now the largest city in the Tōhoku
Region
.
In the
Meiji period, four provinces
were created from Mutsu:
Rikuchū,
Rikuzen,
Iwaki, and
Iwashiro.
The area
that is now Aomori
Prefecture
continued to
be part of Mutsu until the abolition of the han system and
the nation-wide conversion to the prefectural structure of modern
Japan.
Districts
Under Ritsuryō
Districts during the Meiji Era
References
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p.
64.
- Titsingh, Isaac, ed. (1834).
[Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō,
1652], Nipon o daï itsi
ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M.
Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au
comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur
l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un
Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J.
Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain
and Ireland. Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this
book (in French).