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The New York metropolitan area, also known as Metropolitan New York, Greater New York, or the Tri-State Region, is the most populous metropolitan area in the United Statesmarker and is also one of the most populous in the world. The metropolitan area is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget as the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, New York-New Jersey-Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), with an estimated population of 18,815,988 (roughly 1 in 16 Americans) as of 2007. The MSA is further subdivided into four metropolitan divisions. The 23-county metropolitan area includes ten counties in New York Statemarker (those coinciding with the five boroughs of New York Citymarker, the two counties of Long Islandmarker, and three counties in the lower Hudson Valley); twelve counties in Northern and Central New Jerseymarker; and one county in northeastern Pennsylvaniamarker. The largest urbanized area in the United States is at the heart of the metropolitan area, the New York–Newark, NY–NJ–CT Urbanized Area (with a population of 17,799,861 as of the 2000 census).

Based on commuting patterns, the Office of Management and Budget also defines a wider region consisting of the New York metropolitan area plus five adjacent metropolitan areas. The area is known as the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, New York-New Jersey-Connecticut-Pennsylvania Combined Statistical Area (CSA), with an estimated population of 21,961,994 as of 2007. About one out of every fifteen Americans resides in this region, which includes seven additional counties in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticutmarker, and is often referred to as the Tri-state Area and less commonly the Tri-State Region (leaving out Pennsylvaniamarker). However, the New York City television designated market area (DMA) includes Pike County, Pennsylvaniamarker, although no part of Pennsylvania is considered to be part of the New York Metropolitan Area as far as local broadcasting, news, advertising and general public opinion.

This wider region includes the largest city in the United States (New York Citymarker), the five largest cities in New Jerseymarker (Newarkmarker, Jersey Citymarker, Elizabethmarker, Patersonmarker and Trentonmarker) and six of the seven largest cities in Connecticutmarker (Bridgeportmarker, New Havenmarker, Stamfordmarker, Waterburymarker, Norwalkmarker & Danburymarker). The total land area of the extended metropolitan area is .

Components of the metropolitan area

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area
New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division
Nassau-Suffolk, NY Metropolitan Division
Newark-Union, NJ-PA Metropolitan Division
Edison-New Brunswick, NJ Metropolitan Division
Rest of the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area


The counties and county groupings constituting the New York metropolitan area are listed below with 2007 U.S. Census Bureau estimates of their populations.

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area (18,815,988)

In addition to the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area, the following Metropolitan Statistical Areas are also included in the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area (total pop. 21,903,623):

The area is frequently categorized and referenced according to geographic factors:
  • The Five Boroughs (New York Citymarker Proper)
  • Long Island (Divided by water from other three suburban regions, but not including Kings and Queens Counties, which, though technically on Long Island, are part of New York City)
  • North Jersey (Metropolitan areas found in the state of New Jersey; divided by state line and water from rest of area)
  • Hudson Valley (Lower Hudson Valley suburbs of Westchester, Putnam and Rockland Counties; and Mid-Hudson exurbs of Dutchess, Orange and Ulster Counties; features strictly controlled development north of I-287)
  • Connecticut (Only Fairfield, New Haven and Litchfield Counties are metropolitan; divided by state line)


All five areas can be (and often are) further divided. For instance, Long Island can be divided into the South and North Shores (usually when speaking about Nassau County), Western Suffolk, and the East End. The Hudson Valley and Connecticut are sometimes grouped together and referred to as the Northern Suburbs, largely because of the shared usage of Metro-North Railroad.

Sixty-three percent of the population (13,730,534) lives in the 43% of the land area that is east of the Ambrose Channel/The Narrowsmarker/Hudson River; Thirty-seven percent of the population (8,128,296) lives in the 57% of the land area that is west of the Ambrose Channel/The Narrowsmarker/Hudson River.

Urban areas of the region

The combined statistical area is a multicore metropolitan region containing several urban areas.



Population
Rank
 Urbanized Area State 2000
Population
1 New York—Newark NYmarker--NJmarker--CTmarker 17,799,861
42 Bridgeport—Stamford CTmarker--NYmarker 888,890
70 New Haven CTmarker 531,314
90 Poughkeepsie—Newburgh NYmarker 351,982
122 Trenton NJmarker 268,472
163 Waterbury CTmarker 189,026
190 Danbury CTmarker--NYmarker 154,455
350 Hightstown NJmarker 69,977
435 Kingston NYmarker 53,458
452 Middletown NYmarker 50,071


Principal cities

The following is a list of principal cities in the New York-Newark-Bridgeport Combined Statistical Area with 2005 U.S. Census Bureau estimates of their population. Principal cities are generally those where there is a greater number of jobs than employed residents.

Transportation

Commuter rail

The metropolitan area is partly defined by the areas from which people commute into New York City. The city is served by three primary commuter rail systems plus Amtrak.



The Long Island Rail Road (LIRR), the busiest commuter railroad in the United Statesmarker, is operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), an agency of New York Statemarker. It has two major terminals at Pennsylvania Stationmarker in Midtown Manhattan and Flatbush Avenuemarker in Downtown Brooklyn, with a minor terminal at Long Island City stationmarker and a major transfer point at Jamaica stationmarker in Queensmarker.

Metro-North Railroad (MNRR), the second busiest commuter railroad in the United Statesmarker, is also operated by the MTA, but in conjunction with the Connecticut Department of Transportation and New Jersey Transit. Its major terminal is Grand Central Terminalmarker. Trains on the Port Jervis Line and Pascack Valley Line terminate at Hoboken Terminalmarker; commuters may transfer at either Secaucus Junctionmarker for New Jersey Transit trains to New York Pennsylvania Station or at Hoboken Terminalmarker for PATHmarker trains into Manhattan.

New Jersey Transit (NJT), the third busiest commuter railroad in the United Statesmarker by passenger miles and also third in trips when direct operated and purchased transportation services are both included (fourth if only direct operated are included) , is operated by the New Jersey Transit Corporation, an agency of New Jerseymarker, in conjunction with Metro-North and Amtrak. A map of the system can be found here. It has major terminals at Pennsylvania Stationmarker in Manhattan, Hoboken Terminalmarker in Hobokenmarker, and Pennsylvania Stationmarker in Newarkmarker, with a major transfer point at Secaucus Junctionmarker. New Jersey transit also operates a light rail system in Hudson Countymarker, as well as the Newark City Subway.

Amtrak's Northeast Corridor offers service to Philadelphiamarker, New Havenmarker, and other points between and including Bostonmarker and Washington, D.C.marker

Major stations in the metropolitan area are:
Station Railroad(s) County Type
Pennsylvania Station marker LIRR, NJT, Amtrak New Yorkmarker Terminal and Transfer
Grand Central Terminalmarker MNRR New Yorkmarker Terminal
Pennsylvania Station marker NJT, Amtrak Essexmarker Terminal and Transfer
Hoboken Terminalmarker NJT Hudsonmarker Terminal
Atlantic Terminal at Flatbush Avenuemarker LIRR Kingsmarker Terminal
Hunterspoint Avenue LIRR Queensmarker Terminal
Jamaica Stationmarker LIRR Queensmarker Terminal and Transfer
Secaucus Junctionmarker NJT Hudsonmarker Transfer
New Havenmarker Union Station MNRR, Amtrak, Connecticut Shoreline East New Havenmarker Terminal and Transfer
Trenton Stationmarker NJT, Amtrak, SEPTA Trentonmarker Terminal and Transfer


The following table shows all train lines operated by these commuter railroads in the New York metropolitan area. New Jersey Transit operates an additional train line in the Philadelphiamarker metropolitan area. (Shown counterclockwise from the Atlantic Oceanmarker):
Line or Branch Railroad Counties
Far Rockaway LIRR Queensmarker, Nassaumarker
Long Beach LIRR Nassaumarker
Montauk LIRR Suffolkmarker
Babylon LIRR Nassaumarker, Suffolkmarker
West Hempstead LIRR Queensmarker, Nassaumarker
Hempstead LIRR Queensmarker, Nassaumarker
Ronkokoma (Main Line) LIRR Nassaumarker, Suffolkmarker
Port Jefferson LIRR Nassaumarker, Suffolkmarker
Oyster Bay LIRR Nassaumarker
Port Washington LIRR Queensmarker, Nassaumarker
New Haven MNRR, Shore Line East Westchestermarker, Fairfieldmarker, New Havenmarker
Harlem MNRR New Yorkmarker, Bronxmarker, Westchestermarker, Putnammarker, Dutchessmarker
Hudson MNRR Bronxmarker, Westchestermarker, Putnammarker, Dutchessmarker
Pascack Valley MNRR, NJT Hudsonmarker, Bergenmarker, Passaicmarker, Rocklandmarker, Orangemarker
Port Jervis/Main Line/Bergen County MNRR, NJT Hudsonmarker, Bergenmarker, Passaicmarker, Rocklandmarker, Orangemarker
Montclair-Boonton NJT New Yorkmarker, Hudsonmarker, Essexmarker, Passaicmarker, Morrismarker, Warrenmarker
Morris & Essex (Morristown Line and Gladstone Branch) NJT New Yorkmarker, Hudsonmarker, Essexmarker, Unionmarker, Morrismarker, Somersetmarker, Warrenmarker
Raritan Valley NJT Hudsonmarker, Essexmarker, Unionmarker, Middlesexmarker, Somersetmarker, Hunterdonmarker
Northeast Corridor and Princeton Branch NJT, Amtrak New Yorkmarker, Hudsonmarker, Essexmarker, Unionmarker, Middlesexmarker, Mercermarker
North Jersey Coast NJT New Yorkmarker, Hudsonmarker, Essexmarker, Unionmarker, Middlesexmarker, Monmouthmarker, Oceanmarker


Additionally, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, an agency of the states of New Yorkmarker and New Jerseymarker, operates the PATHmarker system. This heavy rail transportation service serves the counties of New Yorkmarker, Hudsonmarker and Essexmarker. A map can be found here.

Major highways

Some of the major freeways/expressways carrying commuter traffic in and out of New York City are:

Commuter bus

New Jersey Transit, Academy Bus, Coach USA, Adirondack Trailways (under the names of New York Trailways, Pine Hill Trailways, as well as Adirondack Trailways) and several other companies operate commuter coaches into the Port Authority Bus Terminalmarker in Manhattan, and many other bus services in New Jersey. Bus services also operate in other nearby counties in the states of New York and Connecticut, but most terminate at a subway terminal or other rail station.

Major airports

The metropolitan area is served by three major airports.
Airport IATA code ICAO code County State
John F. Kennedy International Airportmarker JFK KJFK Queensmarker New Yorkmarker
Newark Liberty International Airportmarker EWR KEWR Essexmarker New Jerseymarker
LaGuardia Airportmarker LGA KLGA Queensmarker New Yorkmarker


The following smaller airports are also in the metro area and provide daily commercial service:
Airport IATA code ICAO code County State
Long Island MacArthur Airportmarker ISP KISP Suffolkmarker New Yorkmarker
Stewart International Airportmarker SWF KSWF Orangemarker New Yorkmarker
Tweed New Haven Regional Airportmarker HVN KHVN New Havenmarker Connecticutmarker
Westchester County Airportmarker HPN KHPN Westchestermarker New Yorkmarker


See also



Demographics

Ethnic diversity

Since its foundation as the mercantile colony of New Netherland the metropolitan area has been noted for ethnic diversity. Beginning in the later 19th century, the New York Area was in large degree divided among Italians, Irish, German, Jewish, and Chinese populations. The Polish and Lebanese also established small communities.Thanks to successive waves of immigration, begun in earnest in the 19th century and continuing today, the area's diversity continues to grow. The states of New Yorkmarker, New Jerseymarker, and Connecticutmarker are all ranked among the top 10 fastest-growing immigration states in America, and great numbers of recent immigrants from across Latin America, East Asia, and the Caribbeanmarker now call the New York metropolitan area home. While prominent ethnic neighborhoods in the region are too numerous to list, there are multiple neighborhoods with large German, Jewish, Dominican, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Cuban, Colombian, Jamaican, Haitian, Ecuadorian, Mexican, Chinese, Filipino, Russian, Albanian, Korean, Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Italian, Irish, Salvadorian, Peruvian, and Polish communities. The cuisines of virtually every major ethnic group on the planet are at least partially represented in the area, with the culinary landscape of New York changing slightly from year to year as new arrivals settle in.

The New York metropolitan area hosts a religious diversity in line with its ethnic diversity. Houses of worship exist for numerous Christian denominations, especially Catholicism but also various churches within both Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism. New York has a large Jewish population, is a major center of Orthodox Judaism and is home to the headquarters of many Hasidic movements, particularly in the borough of Brooklynmarker. Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism, Taoism, and many other religions have formal houses of worship in the area. Along with these religions, there are also many people who practice no religion at all.

Culture

Sports teams

Listing of the professional sports teams in the New York metropolitan area

See also



Notes

  1. Crystal Reports - Op_Stats_Service


External references




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