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The Pakistan National Cricket Team is an International cricket team representing Pakistanmarker. It is administrated by the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB). Pakistan is a full member of the International Cricket Council with Test and One Day International status.

Pakistan are the ICC Cricket World Cup 1992 champions, ICC Under 19 Cricket World Cup champions twice in 2004 and in 2006 making them the first and the only team to become Back-to Back champions in the U19 Cricket World Cup tournaments and they are also the current ICC World Twenty20 2009 champions. Pakistan have been semi finalist 3 times in the ICC Champions Trophy in 2000, 2004 and 2009.

Before the independence of Pakistan, cricket was played before the first Pakistan national team was granted test match playing status. Documentation and archives show that during the 18th century, cricket was played on the western side of India and many successful Indian cricketers played for the English cricket team. It was not until July 28, 1952 that Pakistan started playing test match cricket. Their first match took place in Delhimarker against India on October of the same year. Their first international tour was to England during 1954. Over the half century, Pakistan has become one of the most challenging and unpredictable teams in the world, the team won the 1992 World Cup and were runners up in the 1999 World Cup. The country has produced several world-class players such as Fazal Mahmood, Hanif Mohammad, Sarfaraz Nawaz, Mushtaq Mohammad, Imran Khan, Javed Miandad, Abdul Qadir, Wasim Akram, Inzamam-ul-Haq,Saeed Anwar, Waqar Younis, Mohammad Yousuf and Shoaib Akhtar.

As of October 2007, the Pakistani team has played 332 Test matches, winning 30.29%, losing 26.76% and drawing 42.94% of its games. The team is ranked sixth in the ICC Test Championship and fourth place in the ICC ODI Championship. On August 28, 2006, Pakistan won its debut Twenty20 International match in England and were runners up in the inaugural ICC World Twenty20 in September 2007. They are the current ICC World Twenty20 champions, beating Sri Lanka on 21 June 2009 by eight wickets.

History

Following the Partition of India in 1947, and the establishment of the separate nation state of Pakistan, cricket in the country developed steadily and Pakistan was given Test Match status at a meeting of the Imperial Cricket Conference at Lord's Cricket Groundmarker on July 28, 1952 following recommendation by India, which, being the successor state of the British Raj, did not have to go through such a process. The first captain of the Pakistan national cricket team was Abdul Kardar

Pakistan’s first Test match was played in Delhimarker in October 1952 as part of a five Test series which India won 2-1. Pakistan made their first tour of England in 1954 and drew the series 1-1 after a memorable victory at The Ovalmarker in which fast bowler Fazal Mahmood took 12 wickets. Pakistan’s first home Test match was in Daccamarker in January 1955 against India, after which four more Test matches were played in Bahawalpurmarker, Lahoremarker, Peshawarmarker and Karachimarker (all five matches in the series were drawn, the first such occurrence in test history).



The team is considered a strong but unpredictable team. Traditionally Pakistani cricket has been filled with players of great talent but limited discipline, making them a team which could play inspirational cricket one day and then perform less than ordinarily another day. Over the years, competitions between India and Pakistan have always been emotionally charged and provide for intriguing contests, as talented teams from both sides of the border elevate their game to new levels to produce high-quality cricket. Pakistani contest with India in the Cricket World Cup have seen packed stadiums and elevated atmospheres no matter where the World Cup has been held.

The 1986 Australasia Cup, played in Sharjahmarker, is remembered as a famous last-ball victory for Pakistan against arch-rivals India, with Javed Miandad emerging as a national hero. India batted first and set a target of 245 runs, leaving Pakistan with a required run rate of 4.92 runs per over. Javed Miandad came in to bat at number 3, and Pakistan lost wickets at regular intervals. Later recalling the match, Miandad stated that his main focus was to lose with dignity. With 31 runs needed in the last three overs, Miandad hit a string of boundaries while batting with his team's lower order, until four runs were required from the last delivery of the match. Miandad received a leg side full toss from Chetan Sharma, which he hit for six over the midwicket boundary.

At the 1992 World Cup Semi Final, having won the toss New Zealand chose to bat first and ended with a total of 262. Pakistan batted conservatively yet lost wickets at regular intervals. With the departure of Imran Khan and Saleem Malik shortly thereafter, Pakistan still required 115 runs at a rate of 7.67 per over with veteran Javed Miandad being the only known batsman remaining at the crease. A young Inzamam-ul-Haq, who had just turned 22 and was not a well-known player at the time, burst onto the international stage with a match-winning 60 off 37 balls. Once Inzamam got out, Pakistan required 36 from 30 balls, which wicketkeeper Moin Khan ended with a towering six over long off, followed by the winning boundary to midwicket. The match is seen as the emergence of Inzamam onto the international stage.

The 1992 Cricket World Cup in Australia and New Zealand marked Pakistan's first World Cup victory. It is remembered for the comeback Pakistan made after losing key players such as Waqar Younis and Saeed Anwar, and being led by an injured captain in Imran Khan. Pakistan lost 4 of their first 5 matches and were nearly eliminated in the first round of the tournament after being bowled out for 74 against England, until the match was declared as a "no result" due to rain. Captain Imran Khan famously told the team to play as "cornered tigers", after which Pakistan won five successive matches, including, most famously, the semi-final against hosts New Zealand and the final against England.

The 2007 Cricket World Cup was one of the biggest upsets in World Cup history when Pakistan was knocked out of the competition in a shock defeat to Ireland, who were playing in their first competition. Pakistan, needing to win to qualify for the next stage after losing to the West Indies in their opening match, were put into bat by Ireland on a green pitch. They lost wickets regularly and only 4 batsmen crossed double figures. In the end they were bowled out by the resurgent Irish for 132. The Irish went on to win the match, helped by a knock of 72 from Niall O'Brien. This meant that Pakistan had been knocked out during the first round for the second consecutive World Cup. Tragedy struck the team when coach Bob Woolmer died one day later on March 18, 2007 in a hospital in Kingstonmarker, Jamaicamarker. Jamaican police spokesman, Karl Angell, reported on March 23, 2007 that, "Mr Woolmer's death was due to asphyxiation as a result of manual strangulation", and that, "Mr Woolmer's death is now being treated by the Jamaica police as a case of murder." Assistant coach Mushtaq Ahmed acted as temporary coach for the team's final group game of the tournament. Subsequent to his team's defeat and the death of Woolmer, Inzamam-ul-Haq announced his resignation as captain of the team and his retirement from one-day cricket, stating that he would continue to take part in Test cricket but not as captain. Shoaib Malik was announced as his successor. Following his return to the squad, Salman Butt was appointed as vice-captain until December 2007.

On March 23, 2007, Pakistan players and officials were questioned by Jamaican police and submitted DNA samples along with fingerprints, as part of the routine enquiries in the investigation into Woolmer's murder. Three days after leaving the West Indies for Pakistan, via London, the Pakistan team were ruled out as suspects. The deputy commissioner of Jamaican police. Mark Shields, the detective in charge of the investigation, announced, "It's fair to say they are now being treated as witnesses." "I have got no evidence to suggest it was anybody in the squad." A memorial service was held in Sacred Heart Church, Lahore, for Bob Woolmer on April 1, 2007. Among the attendees were Pakistan players and dignitaries, including Inzamam-ul-Haq, who was quoted as saying, "After Woolmer's family, the Pakistan team was the most aggrieved by his death." After the World Cup ended, serious doubts were raised about the investigation, with increasing speculation that Woolmer died of natural causes. This has now been accepted as fact, and the case has been closed. Pakistan Qualified for Final Of T20 2009 beating SouthAfrica by 7 runs in 1st semifinal.


On April 20, 2007, a PCB official announced that former Test cricketer Talat Ali would act as interim coach, in addition to his role as team manager, until a new coach had been appointed. On July 16, 2007, Geoff Lawson, previously head coach of New South Wales, was appointed coach of the Pakistan for two years, becoming the third foreigner to take on the role. In the 2007 ICC World Twenty20, Pakistan exceeded expectations to reach the final but ended as runners-up, after losing the final to India in a nail-biting finish. On 25 October 2008, Intikhab Alam was named as a national coach of the team by the PCB.

On 21 June 2009 Pakistan won the 2009 ICC World Twenty20, beating Sri Lanka in the final by eight wickets. Pakistan had begun the tournament slowly losing two of their first three matches but after dismissing New Zealand for 99 in the Super 8 stage they had a run of four consecutive wins including beating previously unbeaten South Africa, in the semi-final, and Sri Lanka.

Governing body

The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) is responsible for all first class and Test cricket played in Pakistan and by the Pakistan cricket team. It was admitted to the International Cricket Council in July 1953. The corporation has been run by former cricketers, professional administrators and trustees, who are often respected businessmen. The Board governs a network of teams sponsored by corporations and banks, city associations and clubs including advertising, broadcasting rights and internet partners.

After taking heavy flak for corruption and match fixing, the PCB re-emerged by taking the initiative to sponsor the wildly successful 2004 tour of Pakistan by arch rivals India. The PCB's experiment with the Twenty20 cricket model has also proven popular and hopes to similarly revive popular interest in domestic games,which it did. The PCB also set up major domestic competitions such as the Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, and the ANZ Trophy.

Tournament history

World Cup World Twenty20 Champions Trophy Asia Cup Australasia Cup Asian Test Championship Commonwealth Games


Test cricket grounds



Stadium City Test matches ODI matches
National Stadiummarker Karachimarker 40 44
Gaddafi Stadiummarker Lahoremarker 39 57
Iqbal Stadiummarker Faisalabadmarker 24 16
Rawalpindi Cricket Stadiummarker Rawalpindimarker 8 21
Arbab Niaz Stadiummarker Peshawarmarker 6 15
Multan Cricket Stadiummarker Multanmarker 5 7
Niaz Stadiummarker Hyderabadmarker 5 7
Jinnah Stadium marker Sialkotmarker 4 9
Bagh-e-Jinnah Lahoremarker 3 0
Sheikhupura Stadiummarker Sheikhupuramarker 2 2
Jinnah Stadiummarker Gujranwalamarker 1 11
Ibn-e-Qasim Bagh Stadiummarker Multanmarker 1 6
Pindi Club Groundmarker Rawalpindimarker 1 2
Defence Housing Authority Stadiummarker Karachimarker 1 0
Bahawal Stadiummarker Bahawalpurmarker 1 0
Zafar Ali Stadium Sahiwal 0 2
Ayub National Stadiummarker Quettamarker 0 2
Sargodha Stadium Sargodhamarker 0 1
Bugti Stadium Quettamarker 0 1
Quid-e-Azam Stadiummarker Mirpurmarker 0 0


Pakistan women's cricket team

The Pakistan women's cricket team has a much lower profile than the men's team. For all national women's cricket teams, the female players are paid much less their male counterparts, and the women's teams do not receive as much popular support or recognition as the men's team. The women's teams also have a less packed schedule compared to men's teams and play fewer matches. The team played it first match during 1997, when it was on tour of New Zealand and Australia and were invited to the World Cup later that year and in the Women's Asia Cup during 2005 the team came third place. During 2007, the team with face South Africa and later in the year travel to Ireland to play in the Women's World Cup Qualifier. The team also played at the T20 England World Cup, the team finished 6th place, beating Sri Lanka and South Africa in 2009.

Current Squad

This is a list of all the players who who have played for Pakistan in the last year, and the forms in which they have participated.

Name Age Batting style Bowling style Domestic team Forms S/N
Captain Test and ODI; Middle-order batsman
Younus Khan Right-hand bat Right-arm medium, Legbreak HBL Test, ODI 75
Vice-Captain; Middle-order Batsman
Mohammad Yousuf Right-hand bat Right-arm offbreak Test, ODI 13
T20 Captain; All-Rounder
Shahid Afridi Right-hand bat Legbreak HBL ODI, T20I 10
Opening batsmen
Ahmed Shehzad Right-hand bat Legbreak HBL ODI, T20I 93
Imran Nazir Right-hand bat Right-arm offbreak ODI, T20I 16
Khalid Latif Right-hand bat Right-arm offbreak Karachi Zebras T20I 35
Khurram Manzoor Right-hand bat Right-arm offbreak PIA Test, ODI 42
Nasir Jamshed Left-hand bat – NBP ODI 53
Salman Butt Left-hand bat Right-arm offbreak NBP Test, ODI, T20I 1
Shahzaib Hasan Right-hand bat Right-arm offbreak Karachi Zebras T20I 94
Middle-order batsmen
Imran Farhat Left-hand bat Right arm legbreak Lahore Lions Test, ODI 17
Faisal Iqbal Right-hand bat Right-arm medium PIA Test 15
Misbah Ul-Haq Right-hand bat Right arm legbreak KRL Test, ODI, T20I 22
Umar Akmal Right-hand bat Right-arm offbreak Test, ODI, T20I 96
Wicket-keepers
Kamran Akmal Right-hand bat – Lahore Lions Test, ODI, T20I 23
Sarfraz Ahmed Right-hand bat – Karachi Dolphins Test, ODI 54
All-rounders
Abdul Razzaq Right-hand bat Right-arm Fast-medium ODI, T20I 12
Fawad Alam Left-hand bat Slow left-arm orthodox NBP Test, ODI, T20I 25
Shoaib Malik Right-hand bat Right-arm offbreak PIA Test, ODI, T20I 51
Sohail Tanvir Left-hand bat Left-arm medium-fast, Slow left-arm orthodox Rawalpindi ODI, T20I 33
Fast bowlers
Mohammad Aamer Left-hand bat Left-arm fast NBP Test, ODI, T20I 90
Shoaib Akhtar Right-hand bat Right-arm fast Rawalpindi ODI, T20I 14
Iftikhar Anjum Right-hand bat Right-arm medium ZTBL ODI, T20I 21
Yasir Arafat Right-hand bat Right-arm medium Kent Test, ODI, T20I 27
Mohammad Asif Left-hand bat Right-arm fast-medium NBP ODI 26
Umar Gul Right-hand bat Right-arm fast-medium HBL Test, ODI, T20I 55
Rana Naved-ul-Hasan Right-hand bat Right-arm medium-fast ODI, T20I 24
Sohail Khan Right-hand bat Right-arm medium-fast SSGC Test, ODI 57
Abdur Rauf Right-hand bat Right-arm fast-medium SSGC Test 34
Wahab Riaz Right-hand bat Left-arm medium-fast Lahore Lions Test, ODI
Mohammad Talha Right-hand bat Right-arm medium-fast NBP Test
Spin bowlers
Saeed Ajmal Right-hand bat Right-arm off break KRL Test, ODI, T20I 50
Danish Kaneria Right-hand bat Legbreak Essex Test 99


  • 1 Younus Khan has played Twenty20 cricket for Pakistan in the last year but has since retired from the format.


Notable Pakistani cricketers

Batsmen

Renowned Pakistani batsmen include Hanif Mohammad, Mushtaq Mohammad, Saeed Ahmed, Majid Khan, Asif Iqbal, Zaheer Abbas, Javed Miandad, Mudassar Nazar, Mohsin Khan, Saleem Malik, Shoaib Mohammad, Ijaz Ahmed, Saeed Anwar, Aamer Sohail, Inzamam-ul-Haq, Imran Khan, Shahid Afridi, Mohammad Yousuf and Younus Khan.

Batting feats:
  • Hanif Mohammad scored 337 against the West Indies in 1958, the first triple hundred by an Asian cricketer, and at the time the longest innings by any batsman in terms of time spent at the wicket.
  • Hanif also held the record for the highest individual first class innings for just over 35 years, 499 runs, until Brian Lara scored 501 for Warwickshire in 1994.
  • Saeed Anwar holds the record for the highest ODI score, 194, which he scored against the Indian cricket team at Chennaimarker in 1997.
  • In 2006, Mohammad Yousuf achieved the record for the most Test match runs in a calendar year (1788), the most centuries in a calendar year (nine) and the most centuries in successive tests (six centuries in five successive tests).
  • Shahid Afridi holds the record for the fastest ODI century, reaching the milestone off just 37 balls and also the third fastest ODI century (45 balls).
  • Inzamam-ul-Haq and Javed Miandad are the most prolific Pakistani batsmen.Javed Miandad also has made the 10th highest Test Runs.
  • Inzamam Ul Haq has made the 4th highest ODI runs and the 11th Highest Test Runs.
  • Zaheer Abbas has got the 5th highest ODI runs Average.


Bowlers

Renowned Pakistani bowlers include Fazal Mahmood, Sarfraz Nawaz, Imran Khan, Intikhab Alam, Iqbal Qasim, Abdul Qadir, Wasim Akram, Aaqib Javed, Waqar Younis, Shoaib Akhtar, Mushtaq Ahmed and Saqlain Mushtaq, Umar Gul,Muhammad Asif, Rao Iftikhar Anjum, Sohail Tanvir, Rana Naved-ul-Hasan,Arshad Khan, Saeed Ajmal, Mohammad Aamer

Bowling feats:
  • Wasim Akram took 502 ODI wickets, an ODI record ,which has since been broken by Muttiah Muralidaran of Sri Lanka.
  • Shoaib Akhtar holds the record for the fastest delivery recorded, clocked at 100.2 mph.
  • Saqlain Mushtaq is credited with inventing the off-spinner's delivery known as the "doosra."
  • Saqlain also holds the record for being the fastest to reach 100, 150, 200 and 250 wickets in ODI cricket.
  • Umar Gul holds the record for best T20 match figures , taking 5 wickets for 6 runs against New Zealand in the ICC World International T20 Tornament 2009
  • Imran Khan holds the bowling average of 22.81 and Shabbir Ahmed holds the bowling average of 23.03
  • Waqar Younis has taken the 3rd highest ODI Wickets and the 14th highest Test Wickets.
  • Wasim Akram has taken the 2nd highest ODI Wickets and the 9th highest Test Wickets.


Wicket Keepers

Renowned Pakistani Wicket Keepers include Wasim Bari, Rashid Latif, Moin Khan and Kamran Akmal

All-Rounders

Renowned Pakistani All-Rounders include Asif Iqbal, Imran Khan, Wasim Akram, Shoaib Malik, Azhar Mahmood, Abdul Razzaq, Shahid Afridi and Fawad Alam mohammad aamer

Reverse swing

Reverse swing was first discovered by Sarfraz Nawaz in the 1970s, who then passed it on to another Pakistani bowler, Imran Khan. Khan mastered reverse swing and the evidence of reverse swing by him was seen in 1983 in a Test match against India at Karachi, where he took 5 wickets in 25 balls. Imran Khan subsequently passed this skill on to Waqar Younis and Wasim Akram who are considered to have been the finest exponents of the art.

On Pakistan's 1992 tour of England, England had no answer to the reverse swing, a new phenomenon to them. Pakistan won the series 2-1. The series was controversial one as the Pakistani team were accused of ball tampering, particularly by the English media. However, it was later conceded that the Pakistani bowlers were simply ahead of their time. Following this episode, reverse swing expanded around the cricket world and more bowlers, including those from England, mastered the art.

Controversies

  • During the fourth Test against England at the Ovalmarker on August 20, 2006, ball tampering accusations were made against the Pakistani team, which resulted in the team forfeiting the match. On the fourth day of the Test, during England's second innings, the ball began to late reverse swing for Umar Gul in particular, resulting in him dismissing Alastair Cook LBW to an inswinging yorker. Four overs later, on examining the ball, umpire Darrell Hair decided there was evidence that the ball had been tampered with. He consulted with the other umpire, Billy Doctrove, and penalised the Pakistani team for interfering with the condition of the ball, awarding five runs to England. Following the playing conditions for that Test, the England batsmen were allowed to choose a replacement ball from a selection of six provided. Although play continued until the end of the afternoon session, the Pakistani team decided in principle, not to reappear at the start of the third session. This decision was made in protest of what they believed to be an unjust and insensitive decision. However Pakistan's claim that the ball had been damaged by being hit to the boundary - and for six - is not entirely credible.The ball in question had not been hit for four during the previous three overs, and was never hit for six. As a result of the Pakistani team's failure to appear at the field, the umpires awarded the test to England, cricket's first and only forfeiture till July 2008 when the cricket's international governing body International Cricket Council changed the result of the test from an English win to a draw (it was then restored to an England win in February 2009). The Pakistani team was cleared of any wrongdoing when further proceedings saw captain Inzamam-ul-Haq found not guilty of ball tampering. However, the team's protest led to him being banned for four games on the charge of bringing the game of cricket into disrepute.


  • Immediately following the ball tampering controversy was the news that its front-line pace bowlers Shoaib Akhtar and Mohammad Asif had both tested positive for Nandrolone, a banned anabolic steroid. Though both denied any substance abuse, on November 1, 2006 both Akhtar and Asif were banned for a period of 2 years and 1 year respectively. However, both bowlers were successful in their appeals with the earlier bans being revoked. The World Anti-Doping Agency made an appeal in the Court of Arbitration for Sport over the revoking of this ban. However, the Court of Arbitration for Sport later dropped the case, ruling it had no jurisdiction to challenge the decision made by PCB.


See also



References

  1. Archives of Cricket in India, 1911
  2. The Pakistan cricket team: Profile
  3. Cricinfo Test Team Records page retrieved on November 3, 2007
  4. ICC - Cricket Rankings. ICC-cricket.com. Retrieved on 2009-03-03.
  5. Guinness Cricket Encyclopaedia
  6. Stump the Bearded Wonder No 126: BBC Sport Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  7. Going, going...gone. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
  8. Austral-Asia Cup, 1985/86, Final, India v Pakistan. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
  9. Inzi announces his arrival, and India's hat-trick hero. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
  10. Five of the best. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
  11. Benson & Hedges World Cup, 1991/92, 1st Semi Final, New Zealand v Pakistan. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
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  13. Pakistan sent home by bold Ireland. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
  14. Shamrocks turn Pakistan green. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
  15. ICC World Cup - 9th Match, Group D, Ireland v Pakistan. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 14, 2007.
  16. Police hunt Woolmer's murderer: Cricinfo.com Retrieved March 24, 2007.
  17. Woolmer post-mortem inconclusive: BBC.co.uk Retrieved March 24, 2007.
  18. Shattered Inzamam retires from one-day scene: Cricinfo.com Retrieved March 24, 2007.
  19. Shoaib Malik appointed Pakistan captain: Cricinfo.com Retrieved April 19, 2007.
  20. Butt named Malik's deputy. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on June 20, 2007.
  21. DNA testing for Pakistan players: Cricinfo.com Retrieved April 7, 2007.
  22. Pakistan no longer suspects in Woolmer case: Cricinfo.com Retrieved April 7, 2007.
  23. Memorial service for Woolmer held in Lahore: Cricinfo.com Retrieved April 7, 2007.
  24. Doubts grow over pathologist's findings. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on May 21, 2007.
  25. Talat to act as interim coach: Cricinfo.com Retrieved April 20, 2007.
  26. Lawson named Pakistan coach. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2007-07-16.
  27. PCB Sponsors
  28. PCB Media news, publications and articles, 2007
  29. I'd decided to quit if we won - Younis
  30. Wasim Akram - Player Profile: Cricinfo.com Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  31. Waqar Younis - Player Profile: Cricinfo.com Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  32. Waugh, Steve Reverse swing looms as the decisive factor: The Hindu Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  33. England v Pakistan 4th Test: BBC Sport Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  34. Day four: How the controversy unfolded: BBC Sport Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  35. Inzamam cleared of ball tampering: Cricinfo.com Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  36. WADA to challenge Shoaib and Asif verdict. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2007-02-28.
  37. Court has no jurisdiction in doping case. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2007-07-03.
  38. Court cannot rule on Pakistan duo. Cricinfo.com. Retrieved on 2007-07-03.


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