The
Rose Bowl Game is an annual American
college football
bowl game, usually played on January 1
(New Year's Day) at the Rose
Bowl
in Pasadena, California
for 95 years. When New Year's Day falls on a
Sunday, the game is then played on the following Monday. The Rose
Bowl is nicknamed "
The Granddaddy of Them All"
because it is the oldest
bowl game. It was
first played in 1902, and continuously since 1916. Since 1945, it
has been the highest attended college football bowl game. It is a
part of the
Tournament of
Roses "America's New Year Celebration".
In 2002 and 2006 (2001 and 2005 seasons), the Rose Bowl game was
also the
BCS National Championship Game.
In the current BCS alignment, the Rose Bowl will host the
designated
Big Ten and
Pacific-10 conference representatives
unless they are involved in the national championship game. Rose
Bowl game representative teams from the Big Ten and Pacific-10
conferences are chosen by the specific rules for each conference.
Tiebreaker rules exist when multiple teams tie for the conference
championship.
Except in the years when the Rose Bowl served as the BCS National
Championship Game, the Rose Bowl Game has continued to be played in
the afternoon. (Starting with the 2006 season (2007 game), there
has been a separate BCS National Championship Game.) In 2010, the
Tournament of Roses will host the
Citi
BCS National
Championship Game in a separate game to be held on January 7 at
5:00 PM (local time). The 96th Rose Bowl Game will be held on
January 1, 2010.
History
Originally titled the "Tournament East-West football game," the
first Rose Bowl was played on January
1, 1902, starting the tradition of New Year's Day bowl games.
The
inaugural game featured Fielding
Yost's dominating 1901 Michigan team,
representing the East, which crushed a previously 3-1-2 team from
Stanford
University
, representing the West, by a score of 49–0 after
Stanford quit in the third quarter. Michigan finished the
season 11–0 and was considered the national champion. Yost had been
Stanford's coach the previous year. The game was so lopsided that
for the next 15 years, the Tournament of Roses officials ran
chariot races, ostrich races, and other various events instead of
football.
But, on New Year's Day 1916 football returned
to stay as The State College of Washington
defeated Brown University
in the first annual Rose Bowl.
Tournament Park and Rose Bowl stadium
Before the
Rose Bowl
Stadium
was built for the January 1, 1923 match, games were
played in Pasadena's Tournament Park
, approximately three miles southeast of the current
Rose Bowl stadium near the campus of Caltech
. Tournament Park was determined to be
unsuitable for the larger and larger crowds gathering to watch the
game and a new, permanent home for the game was commissioned.
The Rose Bowl stadium, designed after the
Yale
Bowl
in New Haven, then hosted the first "Rose Bowl"
game in 1923. The name of the stadium was alternatively
"Tournament of Roses Stadium" or "Tournament of Roses Bowl", until
being settled as "Rose Bowl" before the
1923 Rose Bowl game.
The stadium seating has been reconfigured several times since its
original construction in 1922.
For many years, the Rose Bowl stadium had the
largest football stadium capacity in the United States, eventually
being surpassed by Michigan Stadium
in 1998. The maximum stated
seating capacity was 104,594 from 1972 to
1997. Capacity was lowered following the
1998 Rose Bowl. The
2006 Rose Bowl game, which was also the BCS
championship game, had a crowd of 93,986; and a crowd of 93,293 saw
the
2009 Rose Bowl game. As of 2008,
the Rose Bowl is number eight on the
List of American
football stadiums by capacity with a current official
seating capacity of 92,542, and is still
the largest stadium that hosts post-season bowl games. The Rose
Bowl is also the only BCS bowl game that is held in a non-NFL
stadium.
Team selection 1916–1946
In the game’s early years, except during
World War I, the Rose Bowl always pitted a
team—not necessarily the conference champion—from the
Pacific Coast Conference (PCC), the
predecessor of the current
Pacific-10 Conference, against an
opponent from the Eastern U.S. During the last two years of World
War I, teams from military bases met in the Rose Bowl. During its
history, a number of notable matchups have been made with the top
football teams and top coaches of the time. These include the
1925 Rose Bowl, featuring
Knute Rockne's Notre Dame team against
“Pop” Warner’s Stanford team; the
1926 Rose Bowl, featuring
Alabama Crimson Tide’s win
over
Washington (the
first southeastern team to beat a northern team); and the
1940 Rose Bowl, featuring
Howard Jones’ USC Trojans against
Bob Neyland’s
Tennessee
Volunteers. During this period, there were ten games matching
two undefeated teams.
1942 venue change to Durham, North Carolina
After the
United States declared war on
Japan on December 8, 1941, as part of the American reaction to the
attack on
Pearl Harbor
, there were concerns about a possible Japanese
attack on the West
Coast. Much discussion focused on the possibility of an
attack where any crowds might gather. The Rose parade with a
million watchers, and the Rose Bowl with 90,000 spectators were
presumed to be ideal targets for the Japanese. Lieutenant General
John L. DeWitt recommended that the Rose Parade and
Rose Bowl festivities be canceled. The Rose Bowl committee
originally planned to cancel the game.
On December 16, 1941,
Duke University invited the game and Oregon State to Duke's home
stadium in Durham,
North Carolina
.
Big Nine - PCC agreement
During
World War II, many college
football schools had dropped some conference opponents and instead
played football against local military base teams. Many colleges
could not even field teams due to the draft and manpower
requirements. After the war was over, demobilization and the
G.I. Bill enabled
returning servicemen to attend college. The 1946 season was the
first true post-war college football season with travel
restrictions lifted and civilian college opponents returning to
schedules.
The Big Nine and PCC were of the same accord when it came to
treating players as amateurs, as compared to the semi-professional
status that the Southern Universities proposed. Also, the Big Nine
and PCC both had the same attitudes towards desegregation and
allowing African-Americans to play football. Many other
universities were still segregated. None of the
Southeastern Conference schools had
an African American athlete until 1966. The Cotton Bowl, Orange
Bowl, and Sugar Bowl would not be integrated until 1948, 1955, and
1956 respectively.
The Big Nine agreed, after eight years of negotiating over
payments, rules, and ticket allocations to a five-year exclusive
deal with the Rose Bowl to send the conference champion to meet the
PCC conference champion. UCLA, USC, Minnesota and Illinois all
voted against it. Beginning with the
1947
Rose Bowl game, the game's participants were established as the
champions of what is now the
Big Ten
Conference and the PCC.
When the PCC dissolved in 1959 following a pay-for-play scandal,
there was no official agreement in force. The Tournament of Roses
invited the ex-PCC champion to play the Big Ten champion to the
1960 Rose Bowl. The Big Ten
authorized its members to accept any Rose Bowl invitation at their
discretion. The
Athletic
Association of Western Universities signed an agreement with
the Rose Bowl that remained in force from the
1961 Rose Bowl onwards. Ohio State exercised
this discretion and held the Buckeyes from the
1962 Rose Bowl. The Big Ten later again
signed an agreement with the Rose Bowl. The AAWU later became known
as the Pacific 8, and eventually the Pacific 10 conference.
Both conferences had a "no repeat" rule in force for a number of
years. Under this rule, any team that had appeared in the Rose Bowl
game the previous season could not go again, even if they were the
conference champion. The Big Ten abolished this rule in 1972.
Both conferences also had exclusive agreements with the Rose Bowl
game, so that teams from the Pac-10 and Big Ten could not play in
any other bowl games. This rule ended before the 1975 college
football season, when Michigan was invited to the 1976 Orange Bowl
and USC was invited to the 1975 Liberty Bowl.
Bowl Championship Series

The Rose Bowl with the banner for the
Rose Bowl Game.
Since 1998, with the creation of the
Bowl Championship Series, team
selection for the Rose Bowl is now tied to the other three BCS
bowls, although in any given year the Rose Bowl still attempts, if
possible, to maintain the traditional Pac-10 versus Big Ten format.
Twice in this era, the Rose Bowl has served as the BCS championship
game.
The
2002 game served as the BCS
championship game between the BCS #1 ranked
Miami, then a member of
the
Big East Conference, and the
BCS #2 ranked
Nebraska of the
Big 12 Conference. The Nebraska
selection as the BCS #2 team was controversial because
Oregon was ranked #2 in both
the AP and Coaches Polls, while Nebraska was ranked #4 in both
polls and did not play in its conference championship game (#3
Colorado, who played Oregon in that year's
Fiesta Bowl, did and won the Big 12's automatic
bid to the BCS). This prevented a West Coast team playing in the
Rose Bowl for the first time, and it also marked the first match up
since 1946 to not feature the traditional pairing of Pac-10 vs. Big
Ten teams.
The
2006 Rose Bowl game featured
offensive powerhouses
Texas, riding a 19-game
winning streak, and
USC, which entered the game
with a 34-game winning streak and 2 Heisman Trophy winners. Texas
won 41–38. The game's television viewership was the highest for
college football contest since the
1987
Fiesta Bowl between
Penn State and
Miami.
On two other occasions during the BCS era, Rose Bowl participation
has expanded beyond the Big Ten and Pac-10. The
2003 game featured the first appearance by
Oklahoma, who
was chosen for the game over Big Ten co-champion Iowa (Ohio State,
who had shared the conference championship with Iowa, played for
the national championship and won).
The 2005 game featured Texas of the Big 12 Conference, selected, amid some
controversy, over the University of California at
Berkeley
of the Pac-10, marking the second time a West Coast
team did not make the Rose Bowl. The University of
California at Berkeley has had the longest drought not appearing in
a Rose Bowl since January 1, 1959; not winning the Rose Bowl since
January 1, 1938.
The
2004 game is also noteworthy. In
this game,
USC
defeated Michigan, 28–14, thus earning the top ranking in the
AP Poll and a share of the national
championship with BCS champion
LSU (USC, despite being #1 in
both the Coaches' and AP polls, did not qualify for the BCS
championship game because of their standing in the BCS
system).
Beginning with the 2011 Rose Bowl though the 2014 Rose Bowl, the
qualifying system for the Rose Bowl will change. The Big Ten and
Pac-10 champions are still contractually obligated to play in the
game and will unless one of those two teams is to play in the BCS
National Championship Game. The first time this happens, should it
happen, the other automatic bid must go to one of the champions of
the non-BCS conferences, provided that one of those team is able to
meet the criteria the BCS has set for these schools. Should one of
those teams fail to qualify for the BCS either the
Big East champion, a BCS conference
at-large team, or
Notre Dame would take the
bid.
Sponsorship and broadcasting rights
For many years the Rose Bowl eschewed sponsorship, but for the 1999
Rose Bowl, the game became known as
The Rose Bowl Game
presented by AT&T.
Unlike the other bowl games, the sponsor was not added to the title
of the game, but instead as a presenter. In 2002 it was branded
The Rose Bowl Game presented by PlayStation 2. Since 2003, when the
agreement with
Sony expired, the game has been
presented by
Citi.
From 1952 to 1988, the Rose Bowl was televised by
NBC in a 1 p.m.
PST time slot, the only New Year's
bowl airing at that time. The 1962 Rose Bowl was the first college
football game broadcast in color. Since 1989, it has been broadcast
on
ABC, usually at 2 p.m. PST. While
FOX has secured the broadcasting rights
to the other
Bowl Championship
Series games, the Rose Bowl, which negotiates its own
television contracts independent of the BCS, has agreed to keep the
game on ABC. The 2005 Rose Bowl was the first one broadcast in
HDTV. After the 2009-10 season,
ESPN will have the contract to broadcast the BCS games,
including the Rose Bowl game.
The game is also broadcast nationally by
ESPN
Radio.
Frequent participants

2006 Rose Bowl, Texas vs. Southern
California; January 4, 2006
USC has played the most times in the Rose Bowl, with 33
appearances, followed by Michigan (20), Washington (14), and Ohio
State (13).
Alabama,
4-1-1 in Rose Bowls, has made the most appearances of any team
outside the Pac-10 and Big Ten conferences, and even references the
game in its fight song.
USC has won the most Rose Bowls (24), followed by Michigan (8),
Washington (7), and Ohio State (6). Michigan has lost the most
(12), followed by USC (9), UCLA and Ohio State (7 each). Of teams
appearing at the Rose Bowl at least 4 times, Michigan St. has the
greatest winning percentage (0.75), followed by USC (0.73), Alabama
(0.67), and Illinois (0.60).
The most frequent Rose Bowl matchup is USC-Michigan, occurring for
the eighth time in 2007, with USC holding a 6–2 advantage.
(Including rare meetings outside the Rose Bowl, USC leads this
series 6–4.) The next most frequent matchup is USC-Ohio State,
occurring for the seventh time in 1985, with USC holding a 4–3
advantage.
From the 1946 season (
1947 Rose
Bowl), when the Big Ten-Rose Bowl agreement began, through the
1971 season (
1972 Rose Bowl), the Big
Ten did not allow its teams to appear in the Rose Bowl in
consecutive years. There was one exception: Minnesota played in the
1961 Rose Bowl and
1962 Rose Bowl games. (Several unusual
circumstances occurred in the 1961 season: the Big Ten-Rose Bowl
contract had been allowed to lapse, Big Ten champion Ohio State was
invited anyway, and the Ohio State faculty turned down the
bid.)
Also of note, during this era Big Ten and Pac-8 teams could play
only in the Rose Bowl; this restriction was not lifted until the
1975 season.
Archie Griffin of Ohio State
and Brian Cushing of
USC
are the only players to ever start in four Rose
Bowl games. Legendary coach
Woody
Hayes led Ohio State to the Rose Bowl from 1973–1976, while USC
head coach Pete Carroll led the Trojans to the Rose Bowl from
2006-2009.
The only current member of the
Pac-10 or the
Big Ten never to have appeared in the
Rose Bowl is
Arizona.
Idaho and Montana, who were members of the Pacific Coast Conference
from 1922 until 1958 and 1950 respectively, never finished near the
top in the PCC football standings.
The Rose Bowl was exclusively a Big Ten-Pac-10 affair for 52 years,
from 1946 (
1947 Rose Bowl) through
1997 (
1998 Rose Bowl). While the Big
Ten dominated the game in the late 1940s and 1950s, and the Pac-10
dominated during the 1970s and early 1980s, over the entire 52-year
span, each conference won 26 games.
The BCS era now covers the past eleven games, starting with the
1999 Rose Bowl. Since then, of the
seven games featuring a Big Ten-Pac-10 matchup, the Pac-10 leads in
wins, 5-2, with Wisconsin winning for the Big Ten in the 1999 and
2000 Rose Bowls (Big Ten has not won since). However, the
2007 Rose Bowl and
2008 Rose Bowl, each Big Ten losses to the
Pac-10, actually featured the Big Ten runner-up, as conference
champion Ohio State was selected to play each of those years in the
BCS National Championship
Game.
Big Ten and Pac-10
schools
Team |
Appearances |
Wins |
Ties |
Latest |
Southern California |
33 |
24 |
|
2009 |
Michigan |
20 |
8 |
|
2007 |
Washington |
14 |
7 |
1 |
2001 |
Ohio St. |
14 |
6 |
|
2010 |
Stanford |
12 |
5 |
1 |
2000 |
UCLA |
12 |
5 |
|
1999 |
California |
8 |
2 |
1 |
1959 |
Wisconsin |
6 |
3 |
|
2000 |
Illinois |
5 |
3 |
|
2008 |
Iowa |
5 |
2 |
|
1991 |
Michigan St. |
4 |
3 |
|
1988 |
Washington St. |
4 |
1 |
|
2003 |
Oregon |
4 |
1 |
|
1995 |
Penn State |
3 |
1 |
|
2009 |
Oregon St. |
3 |
1 |
|
1965 |
Minnesota |
2 |
1 |
|
1962 |
Northwestern |
2 |
1 |
|
1996 |
Arizona St. |
2 |
1 |
|
1997 |
Purdue |
2 |
1 |
|
2001 |
Indiana |
1 |
0 |
|
1968 |
Arizona |
0 |
0 |
|
n/a |
|
Other
Universities*
Team |
Appearances |
Wins |
Ties |
Latest |
Alabama |
6 |
4 |
1 |
1946 |
Pittsburgh |
4 |
1 |
|
1937 |
Texas |
2 |
2 |
|
2006 |
Duke |
2 |
0 |
|
1942 |
Nebraska |
2 |
0 |
|
2002 |
Tennessee |
2 |
0 |
|
1945 |
Columbia |
1 |
1 |
|
1934 |
Georgia |
1 |
1 |
|
1943 |
Georgia Tech |
1 |
1 |
|
1929 |
Harvard |
1 |
1 |
|
1920 |
Miami (FL) |
1 |
1 |
|
2002 |
Notre Dame |
1 |
1 |
|
1925 |
Oklahoma |
1 |
1 |
|
2003 |
Navy |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1924 |
Brown |
1 |
0 |
|
1916 |
Southern Methodist |
1 |
0 |
|
1936 |
Tulane |
1 |
0 |
|
1932 |
Washington & Jefferson |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1922 |
Pennsylvania |
1 |
0 |
|
1917 |
|
In 1918 and 1919 the Rose Bowl hosted football games between
military institutions.
Game results
Years listed below indicate the January game date; for example,
the 2007 game was played following the 2006 football
season.
Winners listed first, to left of table.
Italics denote a tie game.
Date Played |
Winning Team |
Losing Team |
Notes |
January 1, 1902 |
Michigan |
49 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1916 |
Washington
State |
14 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1917 |
Oregon |
14 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1918 |
Mare Island
- USMC |
19 |
Camp
Lewis - US Army |
7 |
notes |
January 1, 1919 |
Great Lakes - US Navy |
17 |
Mare Island |
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1920 |
|
7 |
Oregon |
6 |
notes |
January 1, 1921 |
California |
28 |
Ohio
State |
0 |
notes |
January 2, 1922 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1923 |
|
14 |
Penn
State |
3 |
notes |
January 1, 1924 |
|
14 |
|
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1925 |
|
27 |
|
10 |
notes |
January 1, 1926 |
Alabama |
20 |
|
19 |
notes |
January 1, 1927 |
Alabama |
7 |
|
7 |
notes |
January 2, 1928 |
|
7 |
|
6 |
notes |
January 1, 1929 |
|
8 |
|
7 |
notes |
January 1, 1930 |
|
47 |
|
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1931 |
|
24 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1932 |
|
21 |
|
12 |
notes |
January 2, 1933 |
|
35 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1934 |
|
7 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1935 |
|
29 |
|
13 |
notes |
January 1, 1936 |
|
7 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1937 |
Pittsburgh |
21 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1938 |
California |
13 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 2, 1939 |
|
7 |
|
3 |
notes |
January 1, 1940 |
|
14 |
Tennessee |
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1941 |
Stanford |
21 |
Nebraska |
13 |
notes |
January 1, 1942** |
Oregon
State |
20 |
|
16 |
notes |
January 1, 1943 |
Georgia |
9 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1944 |
|
29 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1945 |
|
25 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1946 |
|
34 |
|
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1947 |
|
45 |
|
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1948 |
Michigan |
49 |
|
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1949 |
Northwestern |
20 |
|
14 |
notes |
January 2, 1950 |
Ohio
State |
17 |
|
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1951 |
Michigan |
14 |
|
6 |
notes |
January 1, 1952 |
|
40 |
|
7 |
notes |
January 1, 1953 |
|
7 |
Wisconsin |
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1954 |
|
28 |
|
20 |
notes |
January 1, 1955 |
Ohio
State |
20 |
|
7 |
notes |
January 2, 1956 |
|
17 |
|
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1957 |
Iowa |
35 |
Oregon
State |
19 |
notes |
January 1, 1958 |
Ohio
State |
10 |
|
7 |
notes |
January 1, 1959 |
Iowa |
38 |
|
12 |
notes |
January 1, 1960 |
|
44 |
|
8 |
notes |
January 2, 1961 |
|
17 |
Minnesota |
7 |
notes |
January 1, 1962 |
Minnesota |
21 |
|
3 |
notes |
January 1, 1963 |
|
42 |
|
37 |
notes |
January 1, 1964 |
|
17 |
|
7 |
notes |
January 1, 1965 |
Michigan |
34 |
Oregon
State |
7 |
notes |
January 1, 1966 |
|
14 |
Michigan
State |
12 |
notes |
January 2, 1967 |
Purdue |
14 |
|
13 |
notes |
January 1, 1968 |
Southern
California |
14 |
Indiana |
3 |
notes |
January 1, 1969 |
Ohio
State |
27 |
Southern
California |
16 |
notes |
January 1, 1970 |
|
10 |
Michigan |
3 |
notes |
January 1, 1971 |
Stanford |
27 |
Ohio
State |
17 |
notes |
January 1, 1972 |
|
13 |
Michigan |
12 |
notes |
January 1, 1973 |
|
42 |
Ohio
State |
17 |
notes |
January 1, 1974 |
Ohio
State |
42 |
|
21 |
notes |
January 1, 1975 |
|
18 |
Ohio
State |
17 |
notes |
January 1, 1976 |
UCLA |
23 |
Ohio
State |
10 |
notes |
January 1, 1977 |
|
14 |
Michigan |
6 |
notes |
January 2, 1978 |
Washington |
27 |
Michigan |
20 |
notes |
January 1, 1979 |
Southern
California |
17 |
Michigan |
10 |
notes |
January 1, 1980 |
Southern
California |
17 |
Ohio
State |
16 |
notes |
January 1, 1981 |
Michigan |
23 |
|
6 |
notes |
January 1, 1982 |
|
28 |
Iowa |
0 |
notes |
January 1, 1983 |
UCLA |
24 |
Michigan |
14 |
notes |
January 2, 1984 |
UCLA |
45 |
|
9 |
notes |
January 1, 1985 |
Southern
California |
20 |
Ohio
State |
17 |
notes |
January 1, 1986 |
UCLA |
45 |
Iowa |
28 |
notes |
January 1, 1987 |
|
22 |
Michigan |
15 |
notes |
January 1, 1988 |
Michigan
State |
20 |
Southern
California |
17 |
notes |
January 2, 1989 |
Michigan |
22 |
Southern
California |
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1990 |
Southern
California |
17 |
Michigan |
10 |
notes |
January 1, 1991 |
Washington |
46 |
Iowa |
34 |
notes |
January 1, 1992 |
Washington |
34 |
Michigan |
14 |
notes |
January 1, 1993 |
Michigan |
38 |
|
31 |
notes |
January 1, 1994 |
|
21 |
|
16 |
notes |
January 2, 1995 |
Penn
State |
38 |
Oregon |
20 |
notes |
January 1, 1996 |
Southern
California |
41 |
Northwestern |
32 |
notes |
January 1, 1997 |
Ohio
State |
20 |
Arizona
State |
17 |
notes |
January 1, 1998 |
Michigan |
21 |
Washington
State |
16 |
notes |
January 1, 1999 |
Wisconsin |
38 |
|
31 |
notes |
January 1, 2000 |
Wisconsin |
17 |
|
9 |
notes |
January 1, 2001 |
Washington |
34 |
Purdue |
24 |
notes |
January 3, 2002* |
Miami |
37 |
Nebraska |
14 |
notes |
January 1, 2003 |
Oklahoma |
34 |
Washington
State |
14 |
notes |
January 1, 2004 |
Southern
California |
28 |
Michigan |
14 |
notes |
January 1, 2005 |
Texas |
38 |
Michigan |
37 |
notes |
January 4, 2006* |
Texas |
41 |
Southern
California |
38 |
notes |
January 1, 2007 |
Southern
California |
32 |
Michigan |
18 |
notes |
January 1, 2008 |
Southern
California |
49 |
Illinois |
17 |
notes |
January 1, 2009 |
Southern
California |
38 |
Penn
State |
24 |
notes |
* denotes
[[BCS National Championship Game]]
** Following the attack on Pearl Harbor
, the 1942 game was moved to Duke
University's
Wallace Wade
Stadium
in Durham, North Carolina
, as officials were wary of allowing such a large
crowd to congregate anywhere on the West Coast due to World War II security concerns.
Rose Bowl Player of the Game Awards

Rose Bowl records at the Hall of
Champions
The most valuable player in the Rose Bowl game is given a crystal
trophy that is the
Rose Bowl Player of the Game
Award. The award was created in 1953 and awarded
retroactively for players all the way back to the
1902 Rose Bowl. Occasionally, the award has
been shared by two players. Beginning with the
2005 Rose Bowl Game, the Rose Bowl Player of
the Game Award has been given to both offensive and defensive
players of the game.
Rose Bowl Hall of Fame
Inductees (by year):
- 1989 - C.W.
"Bump" Elliott, Michigan; W.W. "Woody" Hayes,
Ohio State; Howard
Jones, USC; Jim Plunkett,
Stanford
- 1990 - Archie
Griffin, Ohio State; Bob Reynolds, Stanford; Neil Snow,
Michigan; Wallace Wade, Brown, Alabama,
& Duke; Charles
White, USC
- 1991 - Rex Kern, Ohio
State; John McKay, USC;
Ernie Nevers, Stanford; Roy Riegels,
California; Bob Schloredt, Washington; John
Sciarra, UCLA; Russell Stein, Washington & Jefferson;
Charley Trippi, Georgia; Ron Vander
Kelen, Wisconsin; George Wilson, Washington
- 1992 - Frank Albert, Stanford; Bob Chappuis,
Michigan; Sam Cunningham, USC; Bill
Daddio, Pittsburgh; Bob Griese, Purdue;
Hollis Huntington, Oregon & Mare Island Marines; Shy
Huntington, Oregon; Elmer Layden, Notre
Dame; Jim Owens, Washington
- 1993 - Frank Aschenbrenner, Northwestern;
Dixie Howell, Alabama; Don Hutson, Alabama; Curly Morrison, Ohio
State; Brick Muller, California; Julius Rykovich, Illinois;
Bo Schembechler, Michigan; O.J. Simpson, USC;
Bob Stiles, UCLA; Buddy Young, Illinois
- 1994 - Vic Bottari, California; Jim Hardy, USC; Don James, Washington; Bob
Jeter, Iowa; Lay Leishman, Tournament of Roses; Pat Richter,
Wisconsin; Russell Sanders, USC
- 1995 – Gary Beban,
UCLA; Dick Butkus, Illinois; Harry
Gilmer, Alabama; Pat Haden, USC; Al Krueger, USC; Doyle Nave, USC; Ted Shipkey,
Stanford
- 1996 – Eric Ball,
UCLA; Pete Beathard, USC; John Ferraro, USC; Stan Hahn, Tournament of
Roses; John Ralston, Stanford; Bill Tate, Illinois
- 1997 – Terry
Donahue, UCLA; Jim Grabowski, Illinois; Warren Moon, Washington; Erny Pinckert, USC; Ken
Ploen, Iowa; Sandy Stephens,
Minnesota
- 1998 - Jack Crabtree, Oregon; Don Durdan,
Oregon State; John (J.K.) McKay, USC; Rick Neuheisel, UCLA; Bill Nicholas,
Tournament of Roses; Butch Woolfolk,
Michigan
- 1999 - Al Hoisch, UCLA; Keith Jackson, ABC Sports; Dave Kaiser,
Michigan State
- 2000 - Johnny
Mack Brown, Alabama; Marv Goux, USC
- 2001 - No inductees
- 2002 - Ambrose
"Amblin' Amby" Schindler, USC; Mel Anthony, Michigan
- 2003 - Harriman Cronk, Tournament of Roses;
Danny O'Neil, Oregon; John Robinson, USC
- 2004 - Alan Ameche, Wisconsin; Rudy Bukich,
USC; Wayne Duke, Big Ten; Jim Stivers, Tournament of Roses
- 2005 - Richard N. Frank, Lawry’s Restaurants
(Beef Bowl); Curt Gowdy, Sports
Broadcaster
- 2006 - Steve
Emtman, Washington; Rube Samuelsen, Sports Journalist; Jeff Van Raaphorst, Arizona State
- 2007 - Pete Johnson, Ohio State; Tom Ramsey, UCLA; Dennis Swanson, Television
Executive
- 2008 - Keyshawn
Johnson, USC; Virgil "Virg" Lubberden, USC (administrator);
Chuck Ortmann, Michigan
Game arrangements
Beginning with the
1947 Rose Bowl,
the Pacific Coast representative was the home team, and the Big
Nine representative was with visiting team. This arrangement would
alternate each year. The stadium seating started with the Big Nine
representatives in the end zone, but eventually was set with the
Big Ten fans and team on the West (press box) side, and Pacific-10
fans and team on the East side. The home team wears their home
jerseys, and the visiting team wears the visiting jerseys. There
have been exceptions. UCLA wore their home jerseys in the 1962,
1966, and 1976 Rose Bowl games.
From 1947 through 2001, the Big Ten team was the home team in
even-numbered years, and the Pac-10 team was the home team in
odd-numbered years. In 2003, Washington State was the home team, as
a non-Big 10 or Pac-10 school (Oklahoma of the Big 12) was the
opponent; the same applied in 2005, when Michigan played another
Big 12 school, Texas.
Beginning with the 2002 Rose Bowl, Nebraska was the home team and
fans and team were on the East sideline. Since 2006, the home team
has been the team with the highest BCS season ending ranking. For
the 2005 Rose Bowl, the Michigan team was on the East sideline,
Texas was the visiting team and was on the West sideline. For the
2006 Rose Bowl, USC was the home team and Texas was the visiting
team on the West sideline. Traditionallly, the Big Ten (or its BCS
replacement) is on the West side (press box) and the Pac-10 team is
on the East side.
The institution with the highest BCS ranking performs the national
anthem, and performs first at halftime. Except in BCS championship
years, the National Anthem is performed by the band. In BCS
Championship years, a performer has been invited to sing the
Anthem, the last being Le Ann Rimes in 2006. The Rose Bowl does not
have other performers during the halftime show besides the school
marching bands. As part of the television contract, a portion of
each band's halftime performance is shown on television. Each
school and each conference are allocated television spots to
advertise.
Books
- America's New Year Celebration. The Rose Parade & Rose Bowl
Game. Albion Publishing Group, Santa Barbara, CA. 1999
- Samuelsen, Rube - The Rose Bowl Game. Doubleday Company and
Inc. 1951
- Edelman, Joe and David Samson - Useless Knowledge. St. Martin's
Press, NY, NY. 2002
- Big Ten Conference football media guide (PDF copy available at
http://bigten.cstv.com)
- Pacific-Ten Conference football media guide (PDF copy available
at http://www.pac-10.org)
See also
References
- NCAA Division 1 football records book. NCAA, 2007 Edition,
pages 296-302 Major Bowl Game Attendance
- Pacific-10 Conference Rose Bowl Tie
breaker
- Big Ten Conference - Method to Determine Big Ten
Conference Automatic Representative to Bowl Championship
Series
- Bowl Games: College Football's Greatest Tradition, by Robert
Ours, 2004, pgs. 3-4
- Huge Flagstaff For Pasadena. Enormous Steel Pole 122 and ½ Feet
Long Will Stand in Rose Bowl. Los Angeles Times, December 10, 1922.
Monday afternoon at 2 o'clock the new flagstaff of the Tournament
of Roses stadium, now called the Rose Bowl, will be put in place
with suitable ceremony under auspices of the Pasadena Lions Club,
donor of the pole.
- The Michigan Stadium Story
- University of Michigan Official Athletics site –
Michigan Stadium
- Tournament of Roses Parade FAQs. In 2006,
attendance was 93,986.
- Historic information on the Rose Bowl
- "ROSE BOWL GAME CALLED OFF", San Antonio Light,
December 14, 1941, pB-1
- Forbidding Crowds. Los Angeles Times, December 16, 1941
- Zimmerman, Paul - Duke Likely to Play Beavers in Durham. Blue
Devils Invite Foes Rose Bowl, Shrine Grid Games Halted as Other
Sports Events in Balance. Los Angeles Times, December 15,
1941.
- Zimmerman, Paul - Scene of Rose Bowl Shifted to Durham, N.C.
Los Angeles Times, December 16, 1941. Perpetuation of the annual
Rose Bowl intersectional football, classic was assured yesterday
when the Tournament of Roses officials and Oregon State College
accepted the hospitality of Duke University.
- R.I.P. Time Magazine, December 6, 1943
- Michael Oriard - King Football: Sport and Spectacle in the
Golden Age of Radio & Newsreels, Movies & Magazines, The
Weekly & The Daily Press. Published 2004 UNC Press. ISBN
0807855456 Chapter 3:Who cares about reform?
- football, gridiron. (2008). In Encyclopædia Britannica.
Retrieved January 28, 2008, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online:
www.britannica.com/eb/article-234274. Football in the
United States - The racial transformation of American football.
Encyclopædia Britannica
- Big Ten Football media guide (2007 Edition) page 5
- ROSE BOWL HISTORY BIG TEN TAMED THE WEST FROM 1947-59.
Seattle Post-Intelligencer
(Seattle, WA), December 30, 1997
- Non-BCS teams to get vacated bids
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tc6hFmhOxxw
- RICHARD SANDOMIR - TV SPORTS; A Private Line for the Rose Bowl.
New York Times, January 1, 1999
- Disney makes $125 million BCS bid. Variety,
November 12, 2008
- Reid Cherner & Tom Weir, "Rose Bowl headed to ESPN", USA today,
June 12, 2009
- 2008 Rose Bowl Program, 2008 Rose Bowl. Accessed 26 January
2008.
External links