A
safari park is a
zoo-like
commercial tourist attraction where visitors can drive in their own
vehicles and observe the wildlife, rather than viewing animals in
cages or small enclosures. The main attraction is large animals
from Sub-Saharan Africa such as
giraffes,
lions,
rhinoceros,
elephants,
zebras, and
antelope.
A safari park, while larger than a zoo, is usually a very small
area compared to game reserves in Africa.
For example, African Lion
Safari
near Cambridge, Ontario, Canada is 750 acres, or 3
square kilometers. For comparison, Lake Nakuru
in the Rift
Valley, is 168 square kilometers, and a typical large game
reserve is Tsavo East
, also in Kenya
, which
encompasses 11,747 square kilometers.
Safari parks often have other associated tourist attractions: golf
courses, carnival rides, miniature trains, and gift shops.
History
The
predecessor of safari parks is Africa U.S.A.
Park
(1953-1961) in Florida.
The first
lion drive-through opened in 1963 in Tama Zoological Park
in Tokyo. In double-glazed buses, visitors
made a tour through a one-hectare enlosure with twelve
lions.
The first
drive-through safari park outside of Africa opened in 1966 at
Longleat
in Wiltshire, England
. Longleat, Windsor, Woburn and arguably the
whole concept of safari parks were the brainchild of Jimmy
Chipperfield, former co-director of
Chipperfield's Circus, as detailed in
his autobiography, "My Wild Life", the autobiography of Bob
Lawrence (owner of
West Midland
Safari Park) and literature from the parks up until the 1990s.
The former
Windsor Safari
Park
was in Berkshire,
England, but closed in 1992 and has since been made into a
Legoland
.
Between
1967 and 1974, Lion Country Safari
, Inc. opened 6 animal parks, one near each of the
following American cities: West Palm Beach, Florida
; Los Angeles, California
; Dallas,
Texas
; Atlanta,
Georgia
; Cincinnati,
Ohio
; and Richmond, Virginia
. The first park, in South Florida, is the only
Lion Country
Safari
still in operation.
Burgers' Zoo
at Arnhem, Netherlands
, opened a "safari park" in 1968 within a
traditional zoo. In 1995, Burgers' Safari
modified this to a walking safari with a 250
m
long board walk.
Most safari parks were established in a short period of ten years,
between 1966 and 1975.
- Europe
- Great Britain : Longleat
(1966), Windsor (1969-1992), Woburn
(1970), Blair
Drummond (1970), Knowsley
(1971), Bewdley (West Midland Safari Park,
1973)
- France : Thoiry (Réserve Africaine,
1968), Peaugres (1974), Sigean (1974), Saint-Vrain (1975-1998),
Port-Saint-Père (Planète Sauvage, 1992)
- Nederlands : Hilvarenbeek (Safari Beekse
Bergen, 1968)
- Germany : Gelsenkirchen
(Löwenpark, 1968-1989), Tüddern
(Löwen-Safari,1968-1990), Stuckenbrock (Hollywood und
Safaripark, 1969), Hodenhagen (Serengeti Park
, 1974)
- Italy : Bussolengo (Safari del Garda,
1969), Fasano (Zoosafari, 1973), Pombia (Zoo
Safari, 1976)
- Denmark : Givskud (Løveparken, 1969),
Knuthenborg (1969)
- Sweden : Kolmården (Safari Park, 1972)
- Austria : Gänserndorf
(Safaripark, 1972-2004)
- Spain : Cabárceno (Parque de la
Naturaleza, 1990)
- Americas
- United States
- Florida : Loxahatchee (Lion Country
Safari
, 1967)
- California : Irvine (Lion Country
Safari, 1970-1984), San Diego
(Wild Animal Park
, 1972)
- Louisiana : Epps (High Delta
Safari Park)
- Texas
: Grand Prairie (Lion Country Safari, 1971-1992), San
Antonio
(Natural Bridge Wildlife Ranch
, 1984), Glen Rose (Fossil Rim Wildlife
Ranch, 1984)
- Oregon : Winston (Wildlife
Safari
, 1973)
- Ohio
: Port Clinton (African Safari Wildlife Park, 1973), Mason
(Lion Country Safari at Kings Island
, 1974-1993)
- Virginia : Doswell (Lion Country
Safari at Kings
Dominion
, 1974-1993),
Shenandoah Valley (Virginia Safari Park, 2000)
- Georgia : Pine Mountain (Wild Animal Safari,
1991)
- Canada
- Ontario : Rockton (African Lion
Safari
, 1969)
- Quebec : Hemmingford (Parc Safari Africain, 1972)
- Mexico : Puebla (Africam Safari, 1972)
- Asia
- Israel : Ramat-Gan (1974)
- Japan : Miyazaki (Safari Park, 1975),
Usa
(Kyushu
African Safari, 1976), Mine
(Akiyoshidai Safari Land, 1977), Tomioka
(Gunma Safari Park, 1979), Susono
(Fuji Safari Park, 1980), Himeji (Central
Park
, 1984)
- Pakistan: Lahore
(WildLife Safari Park, 1982)
- Thailand : Bangkok
(Safari
World
, 1988)
- China : Shenzhen
(Safari Park, 1993), Shanghai (Wild Animal Park, 1995),
Guangzhou
(Xiangjiang Safari Park, 1997), Jinan
(Safari
Park, 1999), Badaling
(Safari World, 2001)
- Indonesia : Cisarua (Taman Safari,
1990)
See also
- SimSafari: a computer game
simulating the management of a safari park
Notes
- Jimmy CHIPPERFIELD, My Wild Life. Macmillan, London
(1975). 219 p. ISBN 0333180445
- Bob LAWRENCE, My Wildlife. R. P. Lawrence,
Kidderminster (2000). 304 p. ISBN 0953799905
External links