A number of
creole languages are
based on the
Spanish
language.
Spanish Creole languages
List of
Spanish-based
creole:
Chavacano
Chavacano (also Chabacano) is a Spanish-based Creole language and
the name of the Six Dialects of Spanish evolved words turned into a
Creole language spoken in the Philippines
. The name of the language stems from the
Spanish word
Chabacano which means "tasteless", "common",
or "vulgar".Dialects of Chavacano are spoken in Cavite City and
Ternate (both in Luzon); Zamboanga, Cotabato and Davao (in
Mindanao) and other places. According to a
census, there are 2,502,185 speakers excluding
outside the Philippines.
It is the major language of Zamboanga City
. Chavacano is also spoken in Cavite City
and in parts of Ternate,
Cavite and Sabah
, Malaysia
nearest to
the Philippines, and even in Brunei and Latin America, because of
recent migrations.
Most of the vocabulary comes from
Spanish, while the
grammar is mostly based on the Austronesian
structure. It is used in
primary
education,
television, and
radio. Recently English words are infiltrating the
language.
For more information see the article on
Chavacano, or the
Ethnologue
Report on Chavacano.
Palenquero

Palenquero
Palenquero (also Palenque
) is a
Spanish-based Creole spoken in Colombia
.
The ethnic group which speaks this Creole consists only of 2,500
people, as of 1989.
It is
spoken in Colombia
, in the
village of San Basilio de Palenque
which is south and east of Cartagena
, and in some neighborhoods of Barranquilla
.
The village was formed by escaped slaves (
Maroon) and
Native Americans. Since
many slaves had not been subjected to a lot of contact with
white people, the
palenqueros
spoke Creole languages from Spanish language and their African
ones.
Spanish speakers are unable to understand Palenquero.
There are some
influences from Kongo in Democratic
Republic of Congo
. As of 1998, 10% of the population of age
under 25 years speaks Palenquero. Most common to the elderly.
For more information see the
Ethnologue
Report on Palenquero.
Spanish-influenced Creole languages
Annobonese
The
Annobonese
language is spoken by 9,000 people on the islands of
Ano
Bom
and Bioko
, in Equatorial
Guinea
. It is locally called
Falar de Ano
Bom (
Fá d'Ambô or even
Fla
d'Ambu). It is a
Portuguese-based creole, similar to
Forro, with some borrowings from
Spanish. In fact, Fá d'Ambô is derived from Forro as it shares the
same structure (82% of lexicon).
In the 15th century, the island was
uninhabited and discovered by Portugal
but, by the 18th century, Portugal exchanged it and
some other territories in Africa for Uruguay with Spain
.
Spain wanted to get territory in Africa, and Portugal wanted to
enlarge even more the territory that they saw as the “New Portugal”
(Brazil). Nevertheless, the populace of Ano Bom was against the
shift and was hostile toward the Spaniards.
This hostility,
combined with the isolation of mainland Equatorial Guinea and the
proximity of São Tomé and Príncipe
— just 400 km from the island — has assured
the maintenance of its identity.
Fá d'Ambô has gained some words of
Spanish origin (10% of lexicon), but some
words are dubious in origin because Spanish and Portuguese are
closely related languages.
See also: History
of Equatorial Guinea
Papiamento
Papiamento or
Papiamentu is a creole
language spoken by 359,000 people.
Primarily
spoken in Netherlands Antilles
by 179,000 people ( ) and Aruba
by 100,000
people ( ).
The Proto-Afro-Portuguese theory is the most widely accepted
hypothesis about the genesis of Papiamentu.
This
Creole is reportedly becoming more similar to Spanish as the time
passes due to extensive contact with the Hispanophone countries
(particularly Venezuela
), but it was originally
Portuguese-based.
Because of the similarities between these
Iberian languages, it is difficult to
ascertain whether a certain feature is derived from Portuguese,
Spanish or
Ladino, after the
adaptation to Papiamento rules.
For more information see the
Ethnologue
Report on Papiamentu.
Notes
-
http://www.eudict.com/?lang=spaeng&word=Chabacano&go=Search
- Ethnologue Report on Chavacano
- Ethnologue Report on Palenquero
- "Papiamentu facts"], an essay by Attila Narin [1]
- Ethnologue Report on Papiamentu
References
For a discussion about the origins of Papiamentu, see
"Papiamentu facts", an essay by Attila Narin.
See also
External links