Louis "Studs" Terkel (16 May 1912 – 31 October
2008) was an American author, historian, actor, and broadcaster. He
received the
Pulitzer Prize for
General Non-Fiction in 1985 for
The
Good War, and is best remembered for his
oral histories of common Americans, and for
hosting a long-running radio show in Chicago.
Early life
Terkel was
born to a Russian
Jewish tailor, Samuel Terkel, and Anna Finkelin in New York City,
New York
. At the age of eight he moved with his family
to Chicago,
Illinois
, where he
spent most of his life. He had two brothers, Ben (1907–1965)
and Meyer (1905-1958).
From 1926 to 1936, his parents ran a rooming house that was a
collecting point for people of all types.
Terkel credited his
knowledge of the world to the tenants who gathered in the lobby of
the hotel and the people who congregated in nearby Bughouse Square
. In 1939, he married Ida Goldberg
(1912–1999) and they had one son, Dan.Terkel received his
J.D. from the
University of Chicago Law
School in 1934, but he said that instead of practicing law, he
wanted to be a concierge at a hotel and he soon joined a theater
group.
Career
Terkel joined the
Works
Progress Administration's
Federal Writers' Project, working
in
radio, doing work that varied from voicing
soap opera productions and announcing
news and
sport, to presenting shows of recorded
music and writing radio scripts and advertisements.
His well-known radio program, titled
The Studs Terkel
Program, aired on 98.7
WFMT Chicago
between 1952 and 1997. The one-hour program was broadcast each
weekday during those forty-five years. On this program, he
interviewed guests as diverse as
Bob
Dylan,
Leonard Bernstein, and
Alexander Frey. In the late 1940s and
early 1950s, Terkel was also the central character of
Studs'
Place, an unscripted television drama about the owner of a
greasy-spoon diner in Chicago through
which many famous people and interesting characters passed. This
show, along with
Marlin Perkins's
Zoo Parade and the children's show
Kukla, Fran, and Ollie, are
widely-considered canonical examples of the Chicago School of
Television.
Terkel published his first book,
Giants of Jazz, in 1956.
He followed it with a number of other books, most focusing on the
history of the United
States people, relying substantially on
oral history.
He also served as a distinguished
scholar-in-residence at the Chicago History Museum
. He appeared in the film
Eight Men Out, based on the
Black Sox Scandal, in which he played
newspaper reporter
Hugh Fullerton,
who tries to uncover the White Sox players' plans to throw the
1919 World Series.
Terkel received his
nickname while he was
acting in a play with another person named Louis. To keep the two
straight, the director of the production gave Terkel the nickname
Studs after the fictional character about whom Terkel was
reading at the time—
Studs Lonigan, of
James T. Farrell's trilogy.
Terkel was acclaimed for his efforts to preserve
American oral history. His 1985 book
"The Good War": An Oral History of
World War Two, which detailed ordinary peoples' accounts
of the country's involvement in World War II, won the
Pulitzer Prize. For
Hard Times:
An Oral History of the Great Depression, Terkel assembled
recollections of the
Great
Depression that spanned the socioeconomic spectrum, from
Okies, through prison inmates, to the wealthy.
His 1974 book,
Working, in
which (as reflected by its subtitle)
People Talk About What
They Do All Day and How They Feel About What They Do, also was
highly acclaimed.
Working was made into a short-lived
Broadway
show
in 1978 and was telecast on PBS
in 1982. In 1997, Terkel was elected a member of
The American Academy of
Arts and Letters. Two years later, he received the
George Polk Career Award in 1999.
Later life
In 2004,
Terkel received the Elijah Parish
Lovejoy Award as well as an honorary Doctor of Laws degree from Colby College
. In August 2005, Terkel underwent successful
open-heart surgery. At the age of
ninety-three, he was one of the oldest people to undergo this form
of surgery and doctors reported his recovery to be remarkable for
someone of that advanced age.
On May 22,
2006, Terkel, along with other plaintiffs, filed a suit in federal
district court against AT&T, to stop
the telecommunications carrier from giving customer telephone
records to the National Security Agency
without a court order.
The lawsuit was dismissed by Judge
Matthew F. Kennelly on July 26, 2006. Judge
Kennelly cited a "
state secrets
privilege" designed to protect national security from being
harmed by lawsuits.
In 2006, Terkel received the
Dayton Literary Peace Prize's
first-ever Lifetime Achievement Award.
Terkel completed a new personal memoir entitled,
Touch and
Go, published in the fall of 2007.
Terkel was a self-described
agnostic,
which he jokingly defined as "a cowardly atheist" during a 2004
interview with Krista Tippett on
NPR's
Speaking of Faith. Movie critic
Roger Ebert claimed that Terkel was an
atheist.
Terkel never learned how to drive.
One of his last interviews was for the documentary Soul of a People
on
Smithsonian Channel. He spoke
about his participation in the
Works Progress
Administration.
At his last public appearance, in 2007, Terkel said he was "still
in touch—but ready to go". He gave one of his last interviews on
the
BBC Hardtalk program
on Feb 4th 2008. He spoke of the imminent election of Barack Obama
as President of the United States, and offered him some advice, in
October, 2008
[32605].
Terkel died in his Chicago home on Friday, October 31, 2008 at the
age of ninety-six. He had been suffering ever since a fall in his
home earlier in October 2008.
Selected works
- Giants of Jazz (1957). ISBN 1565847695
- Division Street: America (1967) ISBN 0394422678
- Hard Times: An Oral History of the Great Depression
(1970) ISBN 0394427742
-
Working: People Talk About What They Do All Day and How They Feel
About What They Do (1974). ISBN 0394478845
- Talking to Myself: A Memoir of My Times (1977) ISBN
0394411021
- American Dreams: Lost and Found (1983)
- The Good War (1984) ISBN
0394531035
- Chicago (1986) ISBN 5551545687
- The Great Divide: Second Thoughts on the American
Dream (1988)
- Race: What Blacks and Whites Think and Feel About the
American Obsession (1992). ISBN 978-1565840003
- Coming of Age: The Story of Our Century by Those Who’ve
Lived It (1995) ISBN 1565842847
- My American Century (1997) ISBN 1595581774
- The Spectator: Talk About Movies and Plays With Those Who
Make Them (1999) ISBN 1565846338
- Will the Circle Be Unbroken: Reflections on Death, Rebirth
and Hunger for a Faith (2001) ISBN 0641759371
- Hope Dies Last: Keeping the Faith in Difficult Times
(2003) ISBN 1565848373
- And They All Sang: Adventures of an Eclectic Disc
Jockey (2005) ISBN 1595580034
- Touch and Go (2007) ISBN 1595580433
- P.S. Further Thoughts From a Lifetime of
Listening (2008) ISBN 1595584234
References
- American Civil Liberties Union : Author Studs
Terkel, Other Prominent Chicagoans Join in Challenge to AT&T
Sharing of Telephone Records with the National Security
Agency
- Judge Drops Studs Terkel NSA Lawsuit
- Studs Terkel to receive first Dayton literary
prize
- Terkel records life in a 'Touch and Go' way -
USATODAY.com
- http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/hardtalk/7226682.stm
External links
- Studs
Terkel official website
- in 1985
- Audio & Video Archive of Studs Terkel
Interviews on Democracy Now!
- 2005 video of WFMT Critic-at-Large Andrew Patner's
interview with Studs Terkel at the University of Chicago
- Audio Archive of Interviews Conducted for "The Good
War"
- Link to interview of Studs Terkel on his book,
Coming of Age
- Direct link to Studs Terkel Video on InDepth of
C-SPAN
- Studs Terkel - The Last Touch - interviews with
Terkel by Alan Hall in 2004 and 2005 - streaming and podcast audio on ABC Radio
National
- In October, 2008 looking forward to the historic
election in America, he gave his last interview.
- 2007 video interview with Studs Terkel by Amy
Goodman of Democracy Now!
- Video: Remembering Studs Terkel
- BBC Obituary: Pulitzer winner Terkel dies at
96
- Signature of Studs Terkel
- news.bbc.co.uk, BBC, Obituary: Studs
Terkel
- Obituary, The Daily Telegraph, November 3,
2008
- A Studs Terkel Footnote
- Studs
Terkel video collection at the Media Burn Independent Video
Archive
- On The Media - The Recording of America, Tribute to
Studs Terkel
- He Interviewed the Nation Garry
Wills essay on Turkel from The New York Review of
Books
- A Celebration of the Life of Studs Terkel -
Chicago Cultural Center, January 30, 2009
- Studs Terkel family tree
- Studs Terkel Archive of American Television
Interview