Sydney Emanuel Mudd I (February 12, 1858 – October 21, 1911) was an American politician.

Born at Gallant Green, in Charles County, Maryland, Mudd attended Georgetown University and graduated from St. John's College of Annapolis, Maryland, in 1878. He studied law privately and also attended the law department of the University of Virginia at Charlottesville, was admitted to the bar in 1880 and commenced practice. He was a member of the Maryland House of Delegates in 1879 and 1881, and successfully contested as a Republican the election of Barnes Compton from the fifth district of Maryland to the Fifty-first Congress and served from March 20, 1890, to March 3, 1891. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1890 to the Fifty-second Congress, and was elected to the House of Delegates again in 1895, serving as speaker.

Mudd moved to La Plata, Maryland in 1896 and served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention the same year. He was elected again from the fifth district to the Fifty-fifth and to the six succeeding Congresses, serving from March 4, 1897 to March 3, 1911. In Congress, Mudd served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Justice (Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses). He died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and is interred in St. Ignatius’ Catholic Church Cemetery at Chapel Point near La Plata.

His son, Sydney Emanuel Mudd II, was also a Congressman from Maryland.

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