Television in Portugal was introduced in 1956 (test broadcasts) by Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (now named Rádio e Televisão de Portugal), which held the nation-wide television monopoly until late 1992. Regular broadcasting was introduced in March 7, 1957. Colour transmissions were introduced on March 10, 1980.

Digital television as TDT was introduced at a very late stage when compared to other countries in Europe. It was planned to be introduced as early as 2002, this only became true in cable services and as of 2007, TDT was delayed until late 2008. Portuguese television is regulated by the Entidade Reguladora para a Comunicação Social (ERC). In 2007, TVI was the ratings leader with 29% share while RTP1, SIC and RTP2 had 25.2%, 25.1% and 5.2%, respectively.

History

On March 7, 1957 public broadcaster Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP) began broadcasting RTP1, the first television channel in the country. A second RTP channel, RTP2, started broadcasting on December 25, 1968. Private commercial channels were launched in the early 1990s, with SIC on October 6, 1992 and TVI on February 20, 1993.

Terrestrial

Portugal started digital broadcasts on 29th of April, 2009 with 6 free access channels, including a High-Definition test channel, and 40 pay channels. It is expected that all the existing terrestrial channels will broadcast in HD as frequencies become free after the analog switch-off.

The four existing analogue channels started simulcasting in DVB-T MPEG4 in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area since November 1, 2008. PT extended this to 80% of the territory on April 29, 2009.

There were two auctions: one for the management of the FTA frequencies, and one for the management and distribution of the pay channels. Both were won by Portugal Telecom. The Government wants around 6 FTA channels (including the analogue channels already broadcasting) and 40 pay channels. This means there will be a pay-TV offer over DTT, even after the failure of the Spanish and British offers.

PT was announced as the winner of both the auctions. PT acquired the transmitter network of Televisão Independente, thus becoming the sole provider of analogue television signals. The creation of a third private tv channel has also been criticized by the main private broadcasters, TVI and SIC. Both of them argue that the television advertising market is already full and a new broadcaster would be prejudicial for the existing channels. It is worth mentioning that during the fiscal year of 2007, SIC and TVI had 185,2 and 222,4 million euros of advertising revenues, respectively.

List of channels

• RTP1: the flagship channel of RTP, the Portuguese public broadcasting corporation, and presents a general programming composed mainly by news, talk shows, discussion-based programmes, national and international fiction and drama and entertainment. It's the second most watched TV channel in Portugal.
• RTP2: the second channel of Portuguese television. It focuses more on intellectual and cultural programming, as well as children and documentary programmes. It is the only terrestrial channel in Portugal that broadcasts international (mostly American) TV-series during the prime-time. The least watched terrestrial station in Portugal.
• SIC: first private television station in Portugal. It broadcasts mainly telenovelas and long talk shows (more than 8 hours every day), as well as themed programming. Like competitor TVI, SIC does not broadcast many international tv-series during prime-time. It's the third most watched channel in Portugal.
• TVI: second private station in Portugal. It focuses mainly on Portuguese telenovelas (usually 5 or more in production at the same time), as well as talk-shows. These talk-shows account for more than 45% of TVI's programming and concentrate mainly on human interest stories, while the other 55% comprises telenovelas. The primary target audience of TVI are housewives and the elderly. It is the most watched TV channel in Portugal with a 30% audience share.
• A fifth national channel will open with the introduction of Terrestrial Digital Television in 2009, in Portugal. Two companies (ZON Multimédia and Telecinco - unrelated to the Spanish television channel of the same name) have tendered for the license of this channel.

IPTV

Clix has launched this service under the name of SmarTV, provided in Amino and Motorola STBs. PT Comunicações (Portugal Telecom) has also launched one called Meo, providing that the spin-off of subsidiary TV Cabo (PT Multimédia) is concluded.

As of worldwide sport events, the common broadcasters usually start a temporary HD channel for IPTV users. For the Euro 2008 TVI launched TVI HD for watching the events (although you could also see the channel 24 hours) and now, for the Beijing Olympics 2008, RTP has launched RTP HD, but this one has non-continuous programming, broadcasting only the Olympics (which come to air very late night) and some RTP2 sports during the day, stopping in the morning to around 15 (3 p.m) for Sports 2 and then stopping again until 21 (9 p.m) to show primetime during the week and movies during weekend. Night is filled with the Olympics from 0 to 2 (12 am to 2 am) with reruns and 2 to 7 am with live events.

Other technologies

All cable providers in Portugal are slowly introducing digital television. ZON TVCabo has already started one since 2003, but it is quite poor in amount of channels and image quality, which is very compressed even in premium channels.

Digital satellite services have existed since 1998. Currently, the providers are ZON TVCabo and meo operating in Hispasat and TVTEL operating in Eurobird 9.

All operators have mobile TV under UMTS platforms.

See also

• List of Portuguese language television channels

References

1. Official site of the Entidade Reguladora para a Comunicação Social
2. O primeiro dia da Quatro in Correio da Manhã, February 15, 2008. Accessed on February 22, 2008.

External links

• Lei da Televisão (Television law)