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The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open golf tournament of the United Statesmarker. It is the second of the four major championships in golf and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday, which is Father's Day. From 2008, it will also be an official money event on the Asian Tour, with 50% of Asian Tour members' earnings counting towards the Order of Merit.[31596]

The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult with a premium placed on accurate driving. U.S. Open play is characterized by tight scoring at or around par by the leaders, with the winner emerging at around even par. A U.S. Open course is seldom beaten severely, and there have been many over-par wins (in part because par is usually set at 70 except for the very longest courses). Normally, an Open course is quite long and will have a high cut of primary rough (termed "Open rough" by the American press and fans), hilly greens (such as at Pinehurst No.marker 2marker in 2005, which was described by Johnny Miller of NBC as "like trying to hit a ball on top of a VW Beetle"), and pinched fairways (especially on what are expected to be less difficult holes). Some courses that are attempting to get into the rotation for the U.S. Open will undergo renovations to have these features. Rees Jones is the most notable of the "Open Doctors" who take on these projects. As with any professional golf tournament, the available space surrounding the course (for spectators, among other considerations) and local infrastructure also factor into deciding which courses will host the event.

The U.S. Open is the only one of the four major championships which does not go immediately to a playoff if two or more players are tied at the end of the four rounds. Instead, the players play a fifth 18-hole round the following day (Monday), but if a tie still exists after the round, then a sudden death playoff is held. Only three times has the U.S. Open gone to sudden death after the playoff round, most recently in 2008 when Tiger Woods defeated Rocco Mediate on the first playoff hole.

Coverage of The U.S. Open is broadcast on television by NBC and ESPN, with additional online coverage of a marquee group provided by ESPN via the U.S. Open's official website. Of golf's broadcast television partners in the U.S., NBC is the only one to provide four days of major tournament coverage (CBS, which airs the Masters and the PGA Championship, only provides weekend coverage of its tournaments; starting in 2010, the British Open will not be aired on an over-the-air network at all, with all four rounds airing on ESPN).

History

The first U.S. Open Championship was played on October 4, 1895, on a nine-hole course at the Newport Country Club in Newport, Rhode Islandmarker. It was a 36-hole competition and was played in a single day. Ten professionals and one amateur entered. The winner was a 21-year-old Englishman named Horace Rawlins, who had arrived in the U.S. in January that year to take up a position at the host club. He received $150 cash out of a prize fund of $335, plus a $50 gold medal; his club received the Open Championship Cup trophy, which was presented by the USGA.In the beginning, the tournament was dominated by experienced British players until 1911, when John J. McDermott became the first native-born American winner. American golfers soon began to win regularly and the tournament evolved to become one of the four majors.
U.S.
Open Trophy at the 2008 PGA Golf Show.
Since 1911, the title has been won almost exclusively by players from the United States. Since 1950, players from only five nations other than the United States have won the championship, most notably South Africa, which has won five times since 1965. A streak of four consecutive non-American winners occurred from 2004 to 2007 for the first time since 1910. These four players, South African Retief Goosen (2004), New Zealander Michael Campbell (2005), Australian Geoff Ogilvy (2006) and Argentinemarker Ángel Cabrera (2007), are all from countries in the Southern Hemispheremarker. No European player has won since Tony Jacklin of England in 1970.

The 2008 edition of the Open ended in a tie between Tiger Woods and Rocco Mediate, forcing an 18-hole playoff the following day. After completing 90 holes over five days, both players were still tied, marking only the third time in Open history that a winner was determined using sudden death. On the first sudden death hole (the seventh), Woods won the tournament with a par to defeat Mediate, who made a bogey. The victory made Woods the sixth player to win three or more U.S. Opens.

Qualification and prizes

The U.S. Open is open to any professional, or to any amateur with an up-to-date USGA Handicap Index not exceeding 1.4. Players (male or female) may obtain a place by being fully exempt or by competing successfully in qualifying. The field is 156 players.

About half of the field is made up of players who are fully exempt from qualifying. There are 17 full exemption categories, including winners of the U.S. Open for the last ten years and the other three majors for the last five years, the top 30 from the previous year's PGA Tour money list, the top 15 from the previous year's European Tour money list, and the top 50 in the Official World Golf Rankings as of two weeks before the tournament.

Potential competitors who are not fully exempt must enter the Qualifying process, which has two stages. Firstly there is Local Qualifying, which is played over 18 holes at over 100 courses around the United States. Many leading players are exempt from this first stage, and they join the successful local qualifiers at the Sectional Qualifying stage, which is played over 36 holes in one day at several sites in the U.S. and one each in Europe and Japan. There is no lower age limit and the youngest-ever qualifier was 15-year-old Tadd Fujikawa of Hawaii, who qualified in 2006.

The purse at the 2009 U.S. Open was $7.5 million, and the winner's share was $1.35 million. The PGA European Tour uses conversion rates at the time of the tournament to calculate the official prize money used in their Race to Dubai (€5,288,326 in 2009). In line with the other majors, winning the U.S. Open gives a golfer several privileges that make his career much more secure, if he is not already one of the elite players of the sport. U.S. Open champions are automatically invited to play in the other three majors (the Mastersmarker, the Open Championship (British Open), and the PGA Championship) for the next five years, as well as the Players Championship, and they are exempt from qualifying for the U.S. Open itself for 10 years. They may also receive a five-year exemption on the PGA Tour, which is automatic for regular members. Non-PGA Tour members who win the U.S. Open have the choice of joining the PGA Tour either within 60 days of winning, or prior to the beginning of any one of the next five tour seasons.

The top 15 finishers at the U.S. Open are fully exempt from qualifying for the following year's Open, and the top eight are automatically invited to the following season's Masters.

Champions

Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones, Ben Hogan and Jack Nicklaus hold the record for the most U.S. Open victories, with four victories each. Hale Irwin is the oldest winner of the U.S. Open: he was old when he won in 1990. The youngest winner of the U.S. Open is John McDermott who was 19 years 315 days old when he won in 1911. Jack Nicklaus, Lee Janzen, Tiger Woods and Jim Furyk hold the record for the lowest score over 72 holes, which is 272. Tiger Woods holds the distinction of being the most strokes under par for 72 holes, he was 12 strokes under par (−12) when he won in 2000.

Year Champion Country Venue Location Score
2009marker Lucas Glover Bethpage State Park, Black Coursemarker Farmingdale, New Yorkmarker 276 (−4)
2008 Tiger Woods (3) Torrey Pines Golf Coursemarker, South Course La Jolla, Californiamarker 283 (−1)
2007 Ángel Cabrera Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 285 (+5)
2006 Geoff Ogilvy Winged Foot Golf Clubmarker, West Course Mamaroneck, New Yorkmarker 285 (+5)
2005 Michael Campbell Pinehurst Resortmarker, Course No. 2 Pinehurst, North Carolinamarker 280 (E)
2004 Retief Goosen (2) Shinnecock Hills Golf Clubmarker Shinnecock Hills, New Yorkmarker 276 (−4)
2003 Jim Furyk Olympia Fields Country Clubmarker, North Course Olympia Fields, Illinoismarker 272 (−8)
2002 Tiger Woods (2) Bethpage State Park, Black Coursemarker Farmingdale, New Yorkmarker 277 (−3)
2001 Retief Goosen Southern Hills Country Clubmarker Tulsa, Oklahomamarker 276 (−4)
2000 Tiger Woods Pebble Beach Golf Links Pebble Beach, Californiamarker 272 (−12)
1999 Payne Stewart (2) Pinehurst Resortmarker, Course No. 2 Pinehurst, North Carolinamarker 279 (−1)
1998 Lee Janzen (2) Olympic Clubmarker, Lake Course San Francisco, Californiamarker 280 (E)
1997 Ernie Els (2) Congressional Country Clubmarker, Blue Course Bethesda, Marylandmarker 276 (−4)
1996 Steve Jones Oakland Hills Country Clubmarker, South Course Bloomfield Hills, Michiganmarker 278 (−2)
1995 Corey Pavin Shinnecock Hills Golf Clubmarker Shinnecock Hills, New Yorkmarker 280 (E)
1994 Ernie Els Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 279 (−5)
1993 Lee Janzen Baltusrol Golf Clubmarker, Lower Course Springfield, New Jerseymarker 272 (−8)
1992 Tom Kite Pebble Beach Golf Links Pebble Beach, Californiamarker 285 (−3)
1991 Payne Stewart Hazeltine National Golf Clubmarker Chaska, Minnesotamarker 282 (−6)
1990 Hale Irwin (3) Medinah Country Clubmarker, Course No. 3 Medinah, Illinoismarker 280 (−8)
1989 Curtis Strange (2) Oak Hill Country Clubmarker, East Course Rochester, New Yorkmarker 278 (−2)
1988 Curtis Strange The Country Club, Composite Course Brookline, Massachusettsmarker 278 (−6)
1987 Scott Simpson Olympic Clubmarker, Lake Course San Francisco, Californiamarker 277 (−3)
1986 Raymond Floyd Shinnecock Hills Golf Clubmarker Shinnecock Hills, New Yorkmarker 279 (−1)
1985 Andy North (2) Oakland Hills Country Clubmarker, South Course Bloomfield Hills, Michiganmarker 279 (−1)
1984 Fuzzy Zoeller Winged Foot Golf Clubmarker, West Course Mamaroneck, New Yorkmarker 276 (−4)
1983 Larry Nelson Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 280 (−4)
1982 Tom Watson Pebble Beach Golf Links Pebble Beach, Californiamarker 282 (−6)
1981 David Graham Merion Golf Clubmarker, East Course Ardmore, Pennsylvaniamarker 273 (−7)
1980 Jack Nicklaus (4) Baltusrol Golf Clubmarker, Lower Course Springfield, New Jerseymarker 272 (−8)
1979 Hale Irwin (2) Inverness Clubmarker Toledo, Ohiomarker 284 (E)
1978 Andy North Cherry Hills Country Club Cherry Hills Village, Coloradomarker 285 (+1)
1977 Hubert Green Southern Hills Country Clubmarker Tulsa, Oklahomamarker 278 (−2)
1976 Jerry Pate Atlanta Athletic Clubmarker, Highlands Course Duluth, Georgiamarker 277 (−3)
1975 Lou Graham Medinah Country Clubmarker, Course No. 3 Medinah, Illinoismarker 287 (+3)
1974 Hale Irwin Winged Foot Golf Clubmarker, West Course Mamaroneck, New Yorkmarker 287 (+7)
1973 Johnny Miller Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 279 (−5)
1972 Jack Nicklaus (3) Pebble Beach Golf Links Pebble Beach, Californiamarker 290 (+2)
1971 Lee Trevino (2) Merion Golf Clubmarker, East Course Ardmore, Pennsylvaniamarker 280 (E)
1970 Tony Jacklin Hazeltine National Golf Clubmarker Chaska, Minnesotamarker 281 (−7)
1969 Orville Moody Champions Golf Club, Cypress Creek Course Houston, Texasmarker 281 (+1)
1968 Lee Trevino Oak Hill Country Clubmarker, East Course Rochester, New Yorkmarker 275 (−5)
1967 Jack Nicklaus (2) Baltusrol Golf Clubmarker, Lower Course Springfield, New Jerseymarker 275 (−5)
1966 Billy Casper (2) Olympic Clubmarker, Lake Course San Francisco, Californiamarker 278 (−2)
1965 Gary Player Bellerive Country Clubmarker St. Louis, Missourimarker 282 (+2)
1964 Ken Venturi Congressional Country Clubmarker, Blue Course Bethesda, Marylandmarker 278 (−2)
1963 Julius Boros (2) The Country Club, Composite Course Brookline, Massachusettsmarker 293 (+9)
1962 Jack Nicklaus Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 283 (−1)
1961 Gene Littler Oakland Hills Country Clubmarker, South Course Bloomfield Hills, Michiganmarker 281 (+1)
1960 Arnold Palmer Cherry Hills Country Club Cherry Hills Village, Coloradomarker 280 (−4)
1959 Billy Casper Winged Foot Golf Clubmarker, West Course Mamaroneck, New Yorkmarker 282 (+2)
1958 Tommy Bolt Southern Hills Country Clubmarker Tulsa, Oklahomamarker 283 (+3)
1957 Dick Mayer Inverness Clubmarker Toledo, Ohiomarker 282 (+2)
1956 Cary Middlecoff (2) Oak Hill Country Clubmarker, East Course Rochester, New Yorkmarker 281 (+1)
1955 Jack Fleck Olympic Clubmarker, Lake Course San Francisco, Californiamarker 287 (+7)
1954 Ed Furgol Baltusrol Golf Clubmarker, Lower Course Springfield, New Jerseymarker 284 (+4)
1953 Ben Hogan (4) Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 283 (−5)
1952 Julius Boros Northwood Club Dallas, Texasmarker 281 (+1)
1951 Ben Hogan (3) Oakland Hills Country Clubmarker, South Course Bloomfield Hills, Michiganmarker 287 (+7)
1950 Ben Hogan (2) Merion Golf Clubmarker, East Course Ardmore, Pennsylvaniamarker 287 (+7)
1949 Cary Middlecoff Medinah Country Clubmarker, Course No. 3 Medinah, Illinoismarker 286 (+2)
1948 Ben Hogan Riviera Country Club Pacific Palisades, Californiamarker 276 (−8)
1947 Lew Worsham St. Louis Country Club St. Louis, Missourimarker 282 (−2)
1946 Lloyd Mangrum Canterbury Golf Clubmarker Beachwood, Ohiomarker 284 (−4)
1942–1945: Cancelled due to World War II
1941 Craig Wood Colonial Country Club Fort Worth, Texasmarker 284 (E)
1940 Lawson Little Canterbury Golf Clubmarker Beachwood, Ohiomarker 287 (−1)
1939 Byron Nelson Philadelphia Country Club Gladwyne, Pennsylvaniamarker 284 (−4)
1938 Ralph Guldahl (2) Cherry Hills Country Club Cherry Hills Village, Coloradomarker 284 (E)
1937 Ralph Guldahl Oakland Hills Country Clubmarker, South Course Bloomfield Hills, Michiganmarker 281 (+1)
1936 Tony Manero Baltusrol Golf Clubmarker, Upper Course Springfield, New Jerseymarker 282 (−2)
1935 Sam Parks, Jr Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 299 (+15)
1934 Olin Dutra Merion Golf Clubmarker, East Course Ardmore, Pennsylvaniamarker 293 (+9)
1933 Johnny Goodman (Am) North Shore Country Club Glenview, Illinois 287 (−1)
1932 Gene Sarazen (2) Fresh Meadow Country Clubmarker Great Neck, New Yorkmarker 286 (+2)
1931 Billy Burke Inverness Clubmarker Toledo, Ohiomarker 292 (+4)
1930 Bobby Jones (Am) (4) Interlachen Country Club Edina, Minnesotamarker 287 (−1)
1929 Bobby Jones (Am) (3) Winged Foot Golf Clubmarker, West Course Mamaroneck, New Yorkmarker 294
1928 Johnny Farrell Olympia Fields Country Clubmarker Olympia Fields, Illinoismarker 294
1927 Tommy Armour Oakmont Country Clubmarker Oakmont, Pennsylvaniamarker 301
1926 Bobby Jones (Am) (2) Scioto Country Club Columbus, Ohiomarker 293
1925 Willie Macfarlane Worcester Country Club Worcester, Massachusettsmarker 291
1924 Cyril Walker Oakland Hills Country Clubmarker, South Course Bloomfield Hills, Michiganmarker 297
1923 Bobby Jones (Am) Inwood Country Clubmarker Inwood, New Yorkmarker 296
1922 Gene Sarazen Skokie Country Club Glencoe, Illinoismarker 288
1921 Jim Barnes Columbia Country Club Chevy Chase, Marylandmarker 289
1920 Ted Ray Jerseymarker Inverness Clubmarker Toledo, Ohiomarker 295
1919 Walter Hagen (2) Brae Burn Country Clubmarker, Main Course West Newton, Massachusettsmarker 301
1917–1918: Cancelled due to World War I
1916 Chick Evans (Am) The Minikahda Club Minneapolis, Minnesotamarker 286
1915 Jerome Travers (Am) Baltusrol Golf Clubmarker Springfield, New Jerseymarker 297
1914 Walter Hagen Midlothian Country Club Midlothian, Illinoismarker 290
1913 Francis Ouimet (Am) The Country Club Brookline, Massachusettsmarker 304
1912 John McDermott (2) Country Club of Buffalo Buffalo, New Yorkmarker 294
1911 John McDermott Chicago Golf Club Wheaton, Illinoismarker 307
1910 Alex Smith (2) Philadelphia Cricket Club, St. Martin's Course Philadelphia, Pennsylvaniamarker 298
1909 George Sargent Englewood Golf Club Englewood, New Jerseymarker 290
1908 Fred McLeod Myopia Hunt Clubmarker South Hamilton, Massachusettsmarker 322
1907 Alec Ross Philadelphia Cricket Club, St. Martin's Course Philadelphia, Pennsylvaniamarker 302
1906 Alex Smith Onwentsia Club Lake Forest, Illinoismarker 295
1905 Willie Anderson (4) Myopia Hunt Clubmarker South Hamilton, Massachusettsmarker 314
1904 Willie Anderson (3) Glen View Club Golf, Illinoismarker 303
1903 Willie Anderson (2) Baltusrol Golf Clubmarker Springfield, New Jerseymarker 307
1902 Laurie Auchterlonie Garden City Golf Clubmarker Garden City, New Yorkmarker 307
1901 Willie Anderson Myopia Hunt Clubmarker South Hamilton, Massachusettsmarker 331
1900 Harry Vardon Jerseymarker Chicago Golf Club Wheaton, Illinoismarker 313
1899 Willie Smith Baltimore Country Club, East Course Lutherville-Timonium, Marylandmarker 315
1898 Fred Herd Myopia Hunt Clubmarker South Hamilton, Massachusettsmarker 328
1897 Joe Lloyd Chicago Golf Club Wheaton, Illinoismarker 162
1896 James Foulis Shinnecock Hills Golf Clubmarker Shinnecock Hills, New Yorkmarker 152
1895 Horace Rawlins Newport Country Club Newport, Rhode Islandmarker 173


Records



There is an extensive records section on the official site here.

Future sites



Notes



References



External links




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