Upper Schools tend to be schools within secondary education. Outside England, the term normally refers to a section of a larger school. There is some variation in the use of the term in England.

England

State Maintained Schools

Upper Schools are a type of secondary school found in a minority of English local education authorities. Whilst most areas in England use a two-tier educational system - Primary (ages 5-11) and Secondary (ages 11-16) - counties such as Suffolk, Bedfordshire and Northumberland use a three-tier system of Lower (ages 5-9), Middle (ages 9-13), and Upper Schools (ages 13-16).The introduction of such systems began in West Yorkshire in the 1963, but has gradually been withdrawn in most areas since the introduction of the National Curriculum. This is because of the nature of the curriculum which is divided into Key Stages which do not align well with the three-tier system. In some areas were this type of school is in use, they are known as High schools.

In Buckinghamshire, which retains the eleven plus, the term is used for secondary schools that admit applicants without reference to the test (elsewhere called secondary modern schools).

Independent Schools

Some independent schools use the term Upper School to describe departments of a larger school, which may also include preparatory or junior departments. It is not particularly widely used, and there is little consistency in the way in which the term is applied to refer to year groups.

United States

Many independent and even some parochial schools in the United States also tend to favor the term "Upper School" to designate grades 9-12. Schools favoring this terminology may use "Middle School" for grades 6/7-8/9, "Lower School" for grades 1-5, and "Early Childhood"(education) for pre-K through Kindergarten.